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COPYRIGHT,  1895,  BY  MOSES  KING. 


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REDUCED  FROM  A LARGE  STEEi 


SUGGESTIONS  TO  VISITORS. 


HE  VISITOR  who  neglects  the  great  retail  and  wholesale 


establishments,  the  extensive  industries,  the  financial  and 
other  institutions,  because  they  are  places  of  business,  misses 
the  most  edifying  and  interesting  sights  of  a metropolis.  In 
these  may  be  seen  so  much  of  what  makes  up  the  world  of 
to-day  that  they  present  an  equal  claim  for  observation  with 
public  institutions,  parks,  statues,  landmarks,  and  other  histor- 
ical and  descriptive  matters. 

To  make  clear  this  point,  no  visitor  should  fail  to  see 
Macullar,  Parker  & Company’s  establishment,  where  more  than 
six  hundred  people  are  employed  in  workshops  which  are 
models  for  all  the  world  ; the  enormous  plant  of  the  Waltham 
Watch  Company,  which  contains  an  infinite  variety  of  the  most 
ingenious  machinery,  producing  the  most  infinitesimally  per- 
fect particles  of  mechanism  ; the  great  storehouse  of  Jones, 
McDuffee  & Stratton,  which  is  a veritable  museum  of  the  fine 
arts  of  many  countries  ; the  huge  manufactory  of  Chickering 
& Sons,  the  oldest  and  most  famous  of  American  piano-makers, 
whose  instruments  are  found  in  palaces  and  homes  through- 
out the  wide  world ; the  immense  slaughtering  and  packing- 
houses of  John  P.  Squire  & Company,  where  in  a single  day 
six  thousand  hogs,  cattle,  and  other  animals  can  be  humanely 
purified,  divided,  and  put  fot-th  in  many  appetizing  forms  for 
human  sustenance ; and  other  noteworthy  concerns. 

With  this  in  mind,  many  establishments  have  been  men- 
tioned and  illustrated,  but  care  has  been  taken  to  mention  none 
that  cannot  be  visited,  or  tiiat  are  not  well  worth  visiting. 

Many  of  these  extend  a cordial  welcome  and  have  attend- 
ants to  show  visitors  their  establishments,  as  far  as  is  reason- 
ably practicable.  ( 


MACULLAR,  PARKER  & COMPANY  IN  1872. 

SHOWING  THE  BUILDING  DESTROYED  IN  THE  GREAT  FIRE. 


HISTORICAL. 

OTHER  cities  may  claim  various  distinctions,  such  as  great  popula- 
tions, vast  areas,  extensive  industries,  enormous  wealth,  or  grand 
situations,  but  the  universally-conceded  ideal  city  of  the  American  Con- 
tinent is  Boston. 

During  its  265  years  it  has  constantly  developed  in  all  of  those  com- 
mendable lines  which  naturally  have  given  its  citizens  just  cause  for  their 
great  pride,  and  fully  justify  the  whole  world  in  the  high  esteem  in  which 
they  hold  the  city,  which  has  become  known  as  “The  Modern  Athens,” 
and  the  “Hub  of  the  solar  system.” 

Boston  was  called  Shawmut,  meaning  “The  Place  Where  Boats  Go,” 
by  the  Indians ; TriMontaine,  by  the  early  English  settlers  at  Charles- 
town, from  the  three  bold  peaks  of  Beacon  Hill  ; and,  filially,  Boston, 


WASHINGTON  STREET  IN  HORSE-CAR  DAYS  OF  1885. 

(in  1630),  by  the  order  of  the  Massachusetts  Legislature,  after  a Lincoln- 
shire sea-port  from  which  some  of  its  people  came.  That  place  was  named 
Botolph’s  (or  St.  Boat-Help’s)  town,  from  a pious  Saxon  monk  (whose 
prayers  helped  storm-tossed  boats  and  sailors),  dwelling  thereby  a 
thousand  years  before  — (Botolph’s  Town=Bot’s  Town=Boston).  Gov. 


THE  GREAT  BOSTON  FIRE  OF  1872. 

WASHINGTON  STREET,  AROUND  THE  RUINS  OF  MACULLAR,  PARKER  & COMPANY. 


9 


King's  '•'■How  to  See  Boston^ 

Winthrop’s  colony  of  English  Puritans  came  hither  by  sea  in  the  autumn 
of  1630,  being  dissatisfied  with  Salem  and  Charlestown,  and  founded 
here  the  capital  of  Massachusetts.  Fortifications  were  quickly  erected  at 
Castle  Island,  Fort  Hill  and  the  Neck  ; ship-building  became  an  active 
industry ; a large  foreign  commerce  began,  and  new  tributary  towns 
sprang  up  near  by.  The  Puritans  came  here  to  found  a place  in  the  wil- 
derness where  their  religion  should  be  supreme ; but  many  turbulent 
incoming  sectaries  of  other  beliefs  disturbed  the  peace  of  the  State. 
The  Government  disarmed  the  Antinomians,  in  1637  ; hung  or  banished 
the  Quakers,  in  1648-77  ; nailed  up  the  Baptist  church  ; and  persecuted 
the  alleged  witches ; and  the  populace  defiled  and  battered  the  Church-of- 
Fngland  chapel.  Meantime,  their  train-bands  annihilated  the  power  of 
the  Indians,  in  several  sanguinary  wars.  For  30  years,  only  church-mem- 
bers could  vote.  In  1692,  the  Colonial  Charter  was  abrogated  by  King 
William  III.,  and  Boston  became  the  capital  of  a Royal  Province,  and 
the  seat  of  a brilliant  vice-regal  court.  It  had  7,000  inhabitants,  and 
was  the  wealthiest  town  in  America.  In  1709,  there  were  11,000  people  ; 
in  1742,  16,000;  and  in  1769,  20,000.  In  1761  the  resistance  to  British 
authority  began,  followed  by  the  Stamp- Act  riots  of  1765,  the  non-impor- 
tation league  of  1767,  the  occupation  by  red-coat  regiments  in  1768,  the 
Massacre  in  1770,  the  Tea-party  in  1773,  the  Royalist  closing  of  the  port 
in  1774,  and  the  battles  and  siege  in  1775-76.  The  town  recovered 
slowly,  after  its  ruin  by  the  long  British  occupation  and  the  American 
bombardment.  It  became  a city  in  1822,  with  50,000  inhabitants,  and  a 
vast  Asiatic  and  European  commerce.  The  original  area  of  800  acres 
has  been  more  than  doubled  by  filling  in  the  shoal  parts  of  the  harbor. 
Roxbury  was  annexed  in  1868,  Dorchester  in  1870,  and  Charlestown, 
West  Roxbury  and  Brighton  in  1874.  The  city  sent  26,175  men  to  the 
War  for  the  Union.  Nov.  9-10,  1872,  a fire  destroyed  $75,000,000  worth 
of  property.  The  decline  of  maritime  commerce  turned  the  people’s 
energies  to  railroads,  manufactures,  and  general  trade,  and  this  is  now  one 
of  the  world’s  great  markets  for  wool,  boots  and  shoes,  and  other  com- 
modities. In  literature,  art  and  religion  the  community  holds  great 
renown.  Two-thirds  of  its  people  are  of  foreign  parentage,  but  the 
dominant  influence  remains  Puritan.  The  population  reached  362,839  in 
1880,  and  448,477  in  1890.  But  within  a radius  of  a dozen  miles  there 
are  many  towns  and  villages  which  are  essentially  part  of  the  city,  and 
including  these  the  population  can  more  correctly  be  called  a million. 
The  valuation  exceeds  $1,000,000,000.  The  net  debt  is  $37,000,000  ; 
and  the  yearly  city  and  county  income,  $14,000,000. 

Boston  possesses  a grand  harbor,  unsurpassed  in  either  hemisphere 
for  the  possibilities  of  Maritime  commerce,  and  for  charming  situations 
for  Summer  homes  and  resorts.  James  Freeman  Clarke,  said  : Every 

Sunrise  in  New  Engla^id  is  more  full  of  wonder  than  the  Pyramids.  Why 
go  to  see  the  Bay  of  Naples  when  we  have  not  yet  seen  Boston  Harbor  ? ” 


THE  WHOLESALE  BUSINESS  DISTRICT. 


The  wholesale  business  quarter  may  be  bounded  in  a general  way  by 
Scollay  and  Bowdoin  Squares  and  Wasliington  St.  on  the  west,  the 


harbor  on  the  east,  Eliot  and  Kneeland  Sts.  on  the  south  and  Charles 
River  on  the  north.  This  is  the  chief  financial  and  commercial  region, 
with  the  courts,  banks,  newspaper-offices,  railway-stations  and  theatres  ; 
and  here  flow  the  deepest  and  most  agitated  currents  of  humanity. 

Scollay  Square  has  been  chosen  as  our  chief  starting-point  because  it 
is  a central  plaza  from  which  many  street-car  lines  diverge.  An  English 
visitor  said  that  the  view  south  from  Scollay  Square  was  one  of  the  most 
picturesque  street-scenes  in  the  world.  In  the  driveways,  a vast  tangle 
of  cars  and  wagons ; on  the  sidewalks,  animated  currents  of  many  phases 
of  human  life  ; and  on  the  sides,  the  old  pitch-roofed  brick  houses,  the 
long  triple-balconied  front  of  the  Boston  Museum,  the  green  trees  of  the 
burial-ground,  the  dark  low  tower  of  King’s  Chapel,  and  the  lofty  white 
marble  pile  of  the  Parker  House.  The  view  from  the  square  down  Court 


.St.  is  not  less  impressive,  with  the 
under  the  eaves  of  enormous  new 
office-buildings,  a true  fragment  of 
Tudor  Boston,  the  English  provin- 
cial seaport,  overhung  on  all  sides 
by  the  majestic  commercial  palaces 
of  the  Modern  Athens. 

The  first  owner  of  Scollay 
Square  was  Edward  Bendall,  whom 
the  Puritans  drove  away,  and  then 
part  of  the  land  came  to  David 
Yale,  brother  of  the  founder  of 
Yale  College.  A century  ago, 
most  of  the  square  was  covered  by 
a wedge-shaped  heap  of  ramshackle 
buildings,  the  chief  of  which  be- 
longed to  Wm.  Scollay,  of  a Scot- 
tish family  from  the  lonely  Orkney 
Islands.  Scollay’s  Building  was 
torn  down  in  1871,  leaving  the 
present  great  triangular  open 
space,  which  is  bordered  by  busy 
retail  stores,  hotels,  restaurants 
and  museums,  and  traversed  by 
innumerable  crowds  and  myriads 
of  vehicles.  Its  presiding  genius 
is  the  bronze  statue  of  the  founder 
of  Massachusetts,  Gov.  Winthrop, 


quaint  Old  State  House  nestling  low 


GOV.  WINTHROP'S  STATUE  IN  SCOLLAY  SQUARE. 


12 


King's  ** //ow  to  See  Boston,’''' 

in  full  Puritan  costume,  holding  the  Bible  and  the  roll  of  the  Colony 
Charter,  and  looking  toward  the  sea.  A rope  tied  around  a tree-trunk 
indicates  that  he  has  just  landed  from  a boat  in  the  wilderness.  This 
memorial,  a duplicate  of  one  in  the  U. -S.  Capitol,  was  designed  by  R.  S. 
Greenough,  and  erected  in  1880,  after  a grand  military  and  civic  parade 
and  orations.  The  lofty  Hemenway  Building  at  the  south  side  of  Scollay 


SCOLLAY  SQUARE,  JUNCTION  OF  TREMONT,  BRATTLE,  CORNHILL  AND  COURT  STREETS. 

Square  arose  in  1884,  on  the  site  of  the  house  where  President  Washing- 
ton sojourned,  in  1789  when  Gov.  John  Hancock,  from  some  dim  idea  of 
State  sovereignty,  declined  to  receive  him,  and  where  later  were  the 
offices  of  Harrison  Gray  Otis  and  Daniel  Webster.  Many  lawyers  of 
to-day  hang  up  their  green  bags  in  the  comfortable  offices  of  the  modern 
building.  The  lower  floor  is  occupied  by  the  ancient  retail  grocery-store 
of  the  S.  S.  Pierce  Co.  The  land  under  the  Hemenway  Building  is 
assessed  at  $350,000. 

The  Suffolk -County  Court-House,  in  Pemberton  Square,  and  plainly 
visible  from  Scollay  Square,  is  an  immense  granite  building,  in  German 
Renaissance  architecture,  completed  in  1886,  at  a cost  (including  land)  of 
$3,828,000.  It  encloses  four  open  court-yards,  and  has  several  finely 
decorated  halls.  The  grand  rotunda,  of  white  marble  and  polished  gran- 
ite, is  richly  adorned  with  frescoes,  and  with  sculptures  representing  the 


14  King's  How  to  See  Boston.'' 

human  virtues.  The  Court-House  also  contains  the  Social  Law  Library, 
founded  in  1804,  and  numbering  25, OCX)  volumes.  The  building  faces  on 
Pemberton  Squire,  where  rose  a harbor-viewing  hill  eighty  feet  high, 
until  1835,  when  it  was  removed,  and  replaced  by  a fashionable  residence- 
square.  Some  of  the  old  swell-front  houses  remain,  used  as  public  and 
law  offices.  Boston  University’s  executive  building,  Jacob  Sleeper  Hall, 
is  at  the  head  of  Pemberton  Square. 

On  Howard  St.  is  the  Howard  Athenaeum,  a spacious  and  popular 
variety-theatre  of  the  cheaper  sort,  occupying  the  site  of  the  Millerite 

Tabernacle  of  1S45,  where  the 
Adventists  assembled  in  white 
ascension-robes,  to  be  ready  for 
the  expected  end  of  the  world. 
Here  was  the  estate  of  Capt. 
Cyprian  Southack,  of  the  Provin- 
cial navy,  whose  guest  in  1711 
was  Admiral  Sir  Hovenden  Wal- 
ker, the  leader  of  a mournfully 
disastrous  expedition  against  Que- 
bec. Theodore  Lyman  had  a fine 
mansion  at  Ploward  St.  and  Tre- 
mont  Row,  where  Lafayette  was 
his  guest  in  1825. 

Court  St.,  leading  past  the 
Old  Court  House,  to  the  Old 
State  House,  was  anciently  known 
as  Prison  Lane  (here  Capt.  Kidd 
was  confined) ; and  then,  from 
1708  until  after  the  Revolution, 
as  Queen  St.  Here  rises  the 
gloomy  Doric  Quincy-granite  col- 
onnade of  the  old  court-house, 
with  columns  weighing  28  tons 
each,  built  in  1833-36,  and  famous 
for  the  bloody  Abolition  riots  in 
1851  and  1854,  when  the  place 
was  surrounded  by  chains  to  keep 
off  the  patriot  insurgents.  Phillips,  Parker  and  Higginson  were  indicted 
for  their  share  in  this  attempted  revolution.  Here  also  occurred  the 
dreadful  Webster-Parkman  trial.  Behind  is  the  City  Hall  ; and  just 
below  towers  the  handsome  seven-story  sandstone  front  of  Young’s 
Hotel,  containing  on  the  ground-floor  the  beautiful  and  spacious  ladies’ 
dining-room,  with  its  artistic  decorations.  This  fine  addition,  built  in  1882, 
adjoins  the  older  part  of  the  hotel,  founded  by  George  Young  in  1845. 

On  the  corner  of  Court  and  Washington  Sts.  is  the  white  marble 
Sears  Building,  partly  burned  in  1890,  and  rebuilt,  much  taller  than  be- 


ENTRANCE  TO  COURT  HOUSE,  PEMBERTON  SQUARE. 


OLD  STATE  HOUSE,  AMES,  SEARS  AND  OTHER  BUILDINGS 


AMES  BUILDING  AND  COURT  STREET  TO  SCOLLAY  SQUARE. 

VIEW  FROM  BALCONY  OF  OLD  STATE  HOUSE. 


17 


King's  How  to  See  Boston. '' 

fore,  in  Italian  Gothic  architecture.  It  is  full  of  banks,  and  offices  of  western 
railroads,  New-England  manufacturing  corporations  and  lawyers.  Here 
dwelt  John  Leverett,  a soldier  of  Cromwell,  knighted  by  Charles  II., 
and  Governor  of  Massachusetts  during  King  Philip’s  War.  Here,  also, 
were  the  busy  law  offices  of  Choate,  Andrew,  Parsons,  Chandler  and 
Horace  Mann.  On  the  opposite  corner  rises  the  tremendous  gray-granite 
sixteen-story  pile  of  the  Ames  Building,  designed  by  Shepley,  Rutan  & 
Coolidge,  in  a richly  ornamental  style,  and  devoted  to  offices,  banks  and 
trust  companies.  It  is  190  feet  high,  and  was  finished  in  1890,  at  a cost 
of  $700,000.  The  land  under  it  is  assessed  at  $400,000.  Just  south  of 
Court  St.,  on  Washington  St.,  is  the  ever-busy  Newspaper  Row  ; and 
just  north  is  Cornhill,  a busy  old-fashioned  street,  making  a broad  curve 
from  Adams  Square  to  Scollay  Square.  It  is  one  of  the  street-car  cen- 
ters ; and  here  a never-ceas- 
ing line  of  electrics  make 
their  starting  point  for  vari- 
ous suburbs.  It  was  form- 
erly devoted  to  the  book- 
trade,  of  which  it  retains 
some  portion,  mainly  second- 
hand book  stores.  Here  is 
the  spacious  and  long-estab- 
lished store  of  Frost  & 

Adams,  founded  before  1840, 
and  occupying  a five-story 
building  with  an  immense 
and  varied  stock  of  artists’ 
and  architects’  materials, 
mathematical  instruments 
and  articles  for  decorating. 

They  import  largely  from 
Europe,  and  have  an  exten- 
sive trade  all  over  America. 

A short  distance  north 
of  Cornhill  is  Brattle  St., 
with  the  old  Quincy  House, 
founded  in  1819,  the  first 
Quincy-granite  building  in 
Boston,  and  the  oldest  hotel 
now  existing.  It  has  been 
often  enlarged.  Opposite  is  the  site  of  the  Brattle-square  Church,  built 
in  1772,  and  standing  until  1871,  with  a cannon  ball  sticking  in  its  side, 
fired  by  an  American  battery  at  Cambridge  during  the  siege.  Then  it  was 
a barrack  for  two  regiments  of  British  infantry.  As  Dr.  Holmes  wrote,  it 

“Wore  on  its  bosom,  as  a bride  might  do, 

The  iron  breastpin  which  ‘the  rebels’  threw.” 


SAM.  ADAMS  STATUE,  ADAMS  SQUARE. 


-tiV; 


FROST  & ADAMS,  ARTISTS-  MATERIALS  AND  MATHEMATICAL  INSTRUMENTS. 

NO.  37  CORNHILL,  BETWEEN  WASHINGTON  AND  COURT  STREETS. 


19 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.''' 

Close  by,  at  23  to  29  Brattle  St.,  is  the  great  popular  Marston  restau- 
rant, where  thousands  of  people  are  served  daily  with  good  food  at  low 
prices.  This  famous  restaurant  had  its  beginning  in  1847,  when  the 
present  senior  partner,  Russell  Marston,  opened  a small  eating-place  with 
a capacity  for  about  20  people.  To-day  the  establishment,  the  largest  in 
the  city,  can  comfortably  seat  800  people.  The  premises  have  been  ex- 
tended through  to  Hanover  St.,  where  an  attractive  building  has  been 
specially  erected.  Although  the  prices  are  quite  moderate,  the  pleasant 
and  well-conducted  Marston  restaurants  are  constantly  patronized  by  the 
best  people  of  Boston  and  all  New  England. 

At  the  head  of  Brattle  St.  is  the  Crawford  House,  where  the  National 
Security  Bank  occupies  the  main  corner. 

Adams  Square,  just  north  of  State  St.,  is  a broad  paved  open  space, 
surrounded  by  tall  buildings  and  shops,  and  traversed  by  great  crowds  of 
people.  Here  stands  a spirited  bronze  statue  of  Samuel  Adams,  designed 
by  Anne  Whitney,  and  unveiled  in  1880.  It  represents  “The  Chief  of 
the  Revolution  ” (as  the  British  Ministry  entitled  him),  just  after  his 
heroic  act  of  demanding  from  Gov.  Hutchinson  that  he  should  remove 
the  redcoat  regiments  from  the  town,  after  the  Massacre. 

Dock  Square  is  one  of  the  anciently  settled  portions  of  the  city  and 
modern  improvements  have  not  yet  made  many  inroads  here.  To  the 
east  it  runs  to  Faneuil  Hall  and  on  the  west  it  extends  to  Adams  Square. 


NEW  WASHINGTON  STREET,  NORTH  FROM  ADAMS  SQUARE. 


Shops  of  various  kinds  are  here,  and  at  No.  20  is  the  hardware  house  of 
Burditt  & Williams ; the  great  sign  over  the  top  telling  of  this  one  build- 
ing having  been  a hardware  store  for  more  than  a hundred  years.  True 


. a,  =H  .0  . ..0  . SX..T. 


22 


A^i77g's  ‘ ‘ IIo2v  to  Sec  Bosto/i.  ” 

to  its  ripe  age  the  firm  which  for  two  generations  past  has  carried  on  the 
business  under  its  present  style  keeps  an  exceptionally  complete  line  of 
builders’  and  general  hardware,  cutlery  and  tools. 

Faneuil  Hall,  “The  Cradle  of  Liberty,”  was  built  in  1742,  by  Peter 
Faneuil,  the  Huguenot  merchant,  for  a market  and  public  hall,  and  pre- 
sented to  the  town.  Smibert,  the  pioneer  painter,  was  the  architect.  It 


DOCK  SQUARE  AND  FANEUIL  HALL,  LOOKING  EAST  FROM  ADAMS  SQUARE. 


was  rebuilt  after  a fire,  in  1763,  and  dedicated  by  James  Otis  ; and  much 
enlarged  in  1806,  Bulfinch  being  the  architect.  This  was  the  scene  of 
many  a famous  patriotic  town-meeting,  illumination,  feast  or  oration  in  the 
olden  time  ; and  of  the  theatre  of  the  British  garrison  ; the  town  offices 
until  1822  ; the  State  dinners  to  Count  d’Estaing,  Lafayette,  the  Prince 
de  Joinville,  Lords  Ashburton  and  Elgin,  and  other  dignitaries  ; McClel- 
lan’s reception,  Burlingame’s  lying-in-state  ; and  countless  meetings  in 
behalf  of  various  public  movements,  addressed  by  Otis,  Webster,  Everett, 
Sumner,  Parker,  Ilillard,  Channing,  Garrison,  Phillips,  and  other  orators. 
The  hall  cannot  be  sold  or  leased,  but  may  be  occupied  free  for  meetings 
whenever  a stated  number  of  persons  apply  for  it  under  regulations. 
Then  the  interested  ones  assemble,  and  “rock  the  Cradle.”  Thus  in 
1895  the  woes  of  Armenia  and  the  demerits  of  the  Subway  and  other 


HAROWftRE  STORE 

FOB  A 

HUNDRED  YEARS 


BURDITT  & WILLIAMS,  HARDWARE  AND  CUTLERY. 

NO.  20  DOCK  SQUARE,  NEAR  FANEUIL  HALL. 


ijiH 


24 


Kin^s  “ How  to  See  Boston.''^ 

themes  have  here  been  discussed  ; as  in  earlier  times  King  George’s  tyranny, 
the  Embargo,  the  tariff,  slavery  and  the  War  for  the  Union  had  been.  The 
hall  is  open  all  day  free  for  visitors.  It  contains  Healey’s  great  painting 
of  Webster  in  the  U.  S.  Senate,  answering  Hayne,  of  South  Carolina  ; and 
also  fine  portraits  of  Washington,  Knox,  Faneuil,  Lincoln,  Hancock,  Sam. 


FANEUIL  HALL 

FANEUIL-HALL  SQUARE,  BETWEEN  NORTH  AND  SOUTH  MARKET  STREETS. 


26 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.^'' 

Adams,  Everett,  Preble,  John  Adams,  Gov.  Andrew,  Gen.  Warren,  and 
John  Quincy  Adams.  The  handsome  old  clock  was  presented  by  the 
school-children.  The  very  quaint  gilded  grasshopper,  with  glass  eyes, 
used  as  a vane  on  the  cupola,  was  cunningly  wrought  by  Deacon  Shem 
Drowne,  in  the  Provincial  days,  in  imitation  of  a similar  insect  on  the 
Royal  Exchange  of  London.  Faneuil  Hall  is  in  the  dignified  Provincial 
architecture,  with  broad  galleries  on  Doric  pillars,  and  a spacious  ros- 
trum from  which  many  illustrious  orators  have  spoken.  There  are  no 
seats  on  the  floor,  which  can  thus  accommodate  a vast  audience.  Over- 
head is  the  armory  of  the  Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Company, 
founded  in  1638,  as  the  school  of  war  for  the  colony,  and  the  oldest 
military  organization  in  America,  with  its  ranks  largely  filled  by  officers 
of  other  organizations.  Among  its  commanders  have  been  Winthrop, 
Winslow,  Heath,  Dearborn,  Martin,  Cowdin  and  14  other  generals  ; and 
Sir  Charles  Hobby  and  Sir  John  Leverett.  Here  is  a valuable  museum  of 
military  relics  and  curiosities.  The  lower  floor  of  Faneuil  Hall  is  still 
used  for  market  stalls,  and  all  the  neighborhood  abounds  in  tempting 
articles  of  food. 

Immediately  facing  Faneuil  Hall  is  Quincy  Market,  a two-story 
granite  building  535  feet  long,  built  in  1825-27,  filled  with  large  and  well- 
kept  stalls,  abounding  in  all  the  vast  variety  of  food  sent  to  Boston  by  her 
tributary  provinces,  from  Sicily  to  Alaska.  It  has  a dome,  over  the 
rotunda  occupied  by  the  Boston  Fruit  and  Produce  Exchange,  and  two 
porticos  of  huge  granite  columns.  Many  visitors  find  delight  in  inspect- 
ing this  wonderful  market  and  its  frequenters.  The  old  Town  Dock, 
with  its  wharves  and  shipping,  formerly  occupied  this  site,  and  reached 
up  to  opposite  Elm  Street,  but  was  filled  by  Mayor  Quincy  in  1826,  mak- 
ing six  new  streets  and  a large  area  of  valuable  land,  upon  part  of 
which  he  erected  the  market-house. 

On  the  north  side  of  Quincy  Market  is  the  great  incorporated  meat  and 
provision  packing  house  of  John  P.  Squire  & Co.,  which  has  its  unique 
office-building  at  39  N.  Market  St.  ; dates  its  origin  from  1842;  and  has 
an  entire  block  of  works  at  East  Cambridge.  Its  business  amounts  to 
over  $15,000,000  a year.  It  is  the  largest  concern  of  its  kind  in  America 
excepting  only  those  in  Chicago. 

The  Old  State  House,  at  the  head  of  State  St.,  was  built  in  1748,  in 
the  walls  of  its  predecessor  erected  in  1713,  and  on  the  site  of  the  Town 
House  of  1657;  and  for  half  a century  the  Honorable  Provincial  Council 
and  the  State  Senate  met  in  the  eastern  hall,  and  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives in  the  western  hall.  Here,  according  to  John  Adams,  “ Inde- 
pendence was  born  ; ” and  for  14  years  Sam.  Adams  and  Hancock,  Otis 
and  Quincy  and  other  patriots  resisted  British  aggressions,  with  fiery  elo- 
quence. Here  the  Stamp- Act  clearances  were  burned  ; the  British  troops 
were  quartered,  in  1768  ; Gens.  Howe  and  Clinton  held  their  war-coun- 
cils, surrounded  by  officers  clad  in  scarlet  and  lace  ; the  State  Constitu- 
tion was  planned  ; Gov.  Hancock  received  the  Count  d’Estaing  and  his 


THE  OLD  STATE  HOUSE. 

WASHINGTON  AND  DEVONSHIRE  STREETS,  AT  THE  HEAD  OR  WEST  END  OF  STATE  STREET. 


28 


Kin^s  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Bosto?t.  ” 

brilliant  suite  ; and  Washington,  the  man  of  the  century,  reviewed  the 
citizenry.  Within  these  walls  the  ancient  courts  convened  ; and  the 
vice-regal  governors  held  sway  ; and  the  sovereigns  and  governors  were 
proclaimed.  The  sessions  of  the  City  Council  took  place  here  from  1830 
to  1840.  The  Boston  Massacre  occurred  in  front  of  the  Old  State  House, 
March  5,  1770,  when  the  British  main  guard,  provoked  by  missiles  and 
epithets,  opened  fire  upon  a mob,  and  slew  five  persons.  For  many  years 
the  Old  State  House  was  given  up  to  private  business-offices,  whose 
rentals  went  to  the  city.  In  1882  the  building  was  restored,  and  placed 
in  the  care  of  the  patriotic  Bostonian  Society  (of  503  members),  which 
has  here  a vast  and  deeply  interesting  museum  of  antiquities  and  relics, 
open  free  from  9 to  5 daily.  Large  tablets  are  inscribed  with  the  his- 
tories of  the  halls  ; and  the  lion  and  the  unicorn  (burned  by  the  people  in 
1777,  with  every  other  royal  emblem  in  Boston)  have  been  replaced  on 
the  eastern  gables.  This  very  quaint  old  mid-street  edifice  makes  a 
startling  contrast  with  the  immense  modern  buildings  all  about  it.  In 
the  early  days,  the  lower  story  was  an  open  hall,  with  Doric  columns, 
where  the  merchants  used  to  meet  and  walk  and  arrange  their  business 
affairs.  How  vastly  the  local  commerce  has  outgrown  this  primitive 
Exchange  ! 

On  the  north  side  of  State  St.,  No.  28,  is  the  handsome  granite  build- 
ing of  the  Merchants’  National  Bank,  a grand  financial  institution  in 
which  Bostonians  take  the  utmost  pride.  It  was  founded  in  1831,  and  has 
a capital  of  $3,ooo,<x>o,  a surplus  of  ^1,500,000,  making  it  the  largest 
banking  institution  in  New  England.  Franklin  Haven  and  Franklin 
Haven,  Jr.,  have  been  successively  the  presidents  for  nearly  sixty  years. 
The  Merchants’  Bank  building  was  erected  in  1824  by  the  United-States 
Bank  at  a cost  of  $I20,ocxd,  but  since  then  it  has  been  very  much  altered 
and  improved.  It  is  now  one  of  the  most  valuable  buildings  in  the  city, 
easily  worth  over  a million  dollars.  It  stands  on  the  site  of  the  old 
colonial  Custom  House. 

The  First  Church  in  Boston,  a thatched  log  structure,  was  erected  in 
1632  on  State  St.,  just  south  of  the  Old  State  House,  on  the  site  of  Brazer’s 
Building,  a venerable  office-structure  which  will  probably  be  razed  within 
a short  time,  for  its  dignified  antiquity  is  maintained  at  too  high  a cost, 
since  this  is  now  one  of  the  most  valuable  sites  in  Boston.  It  contains 
many  offices  of  lawyers  and  real-estate  agents,  the  most  prominent  of 
whom  is  Alexander  S.  Porter,  who  has  already  been  prominently  identi- 
fied with  various  real-estate  dealings  of  great  magnitude,  notably  the 
Stock-Exchange  Building  mentioned  later. 

The  conspicuous  new  structure  of  light  brick  on  the  south  side  of 
State  St.  occupying  the  little  block  formed  by  Congress  Square  and  Con- 
gress St.  is  the  Worthington  Building,  built  by  Roland  Worthington,  the 
former  owner  of  The  Boston  Traveller^  which  was  erstwhile  located  here. 
It  is  one  of  the  most  graceful  office  buildings  in  the  city.  It  is  peculiarly 
fortunate  in  its  situation  and  with  thoroughfares  on  all  four  sides  it  enjoys 


MERCHANTS’  NATIONAL  BANK. 

NO.  28  STATE  STREET,  NORTH  SIDE,  FROM  DEVONSHIRE  TO  EXCHANGE  STREETS. 


ALEX.  S.  PORTER,  REAL  ESTATE  AGENT— BRAZER'S  BUILDING. 

NO.  27  STATE  STREET,  SOUTH  SIDE,  FROM  DEVONSHIRE  STREET  TO  CONGRESS  SQUARE. 


WORTHINGTON  BUILDING,  ERECTED  BY  ROLAND  WORTHINGTON. 

STATE  STREET,  SOUTH  SIDE,  BETWEEN  CONGRESS  SQUARE  AND  CONGRESS  STREET. 


32  King's  How  to  See  Boston." 

advantages  of  light  and  views  seldom  found.  It  is  ten  stories  in  height 
and  has  been  built  in  the  modern  fire-proof  steel  construction  method. 
It  was  completed  in  1895 

State  St.  leads  east  from  the  Old  State  House  to  the  harbor.  Change 
Avenue,  north  from  State  St.  to  Faneuil  Hall  is  one  of  Boston’s  quaint 
and  famous  short  cuts  — a narrow  alley  between  high  buildings,  traversed 
by  myriads  of  hurrying  footmen.  A short  tunnel  leads  thence  to  Corn 
Court,  where  Samuel  Cole  opened  the  first  Boston  tavern,  in  1634,  and 


STOCK  EXCHANGE.  TREMCNT  BANK.  CONGRESS  STREET.  WORTHINGTON  BUIIDINS. 

CONGRESS  STREET,  LOOKING  SOUTH  FROM  STATE  STREET  TO  POST-OFFICE  SQUARE. 

entertained  Miantonomah’s  painted  Narragansett  Indians,  envoys  to  Gov. 
Sir  Harry  Vane.  There  Talleyrand,  the  great  premier  of  France,  boarded, 
in  1795,  in  the  Braser  Inn,  whose  quaint  brick  front  still  stands.  Change 
Avenue  (named  for  the  Royal  Exchange  Tavern)  enters  State  St.  near 
the  site  of  the  pillory  and  whipping-post,  on  its  left  corner  the  site  of  the 
Custom  House,  where  Gens.  I>incoln  and  Dearborn  ruled  as  collectors  ; 
and  on  its  right  corner  the  stately  brick  office-building  of  the  Massachu- 
setts Hospital  Life  Insurance  Company  (founded  in  1818). 


HOWARD  NATIONAL  BANK  OF  BOSTON. 

NO.  19  CONGRESS  STREET,  BETWEEN  STATE  STREET  AND  POST-OFFICE  SQUARE. 


34 


King's  How  to  See  Boston^ 

A little  south  of  State  St.,  on  the  west  side  of  Congress,  at  No.  19,  is 
the  handsome  building  of  the  Howard  National  Bank,  an  institution  more 
than  forty  years  old,  having  a capital  of  $1,000,000,  with  ramifications 
throughout  the  Union,  and  held  in  the  highest  esteem  for  conservative  yet 
enterprising  administration.  At  the  corner  of  State  and  Congress  Sts.  is 
the  Tremont  Bank  Building,  which  now  pertains  to  the  estate  of  the  late 
William  H.  Hill. 

The  most  notable  modern  feature  of  State  St.  is  the  twelve-story 
granite  Stock  Exchange  (legally  the  State- Street  Exchange  Building),  one 
of  the  largest  office-buildings  in  America,  with  frontages  of  170  feet  on 
State  St.,  160  feet  on  Kilby  St.,  and  53  feet  on  Exchange  Place.  This 
huge  hive  of  banks,  corporations,  safe-deposit  vaults,  lawyers  and  busi- 
ness men,  was  built  in  1889-1891,  from  designs  by  Peabody  & Stearns, 
at  a cost  of  $4,000,000.  Alexander  S.  Porter,  a prominent  real-estate 
agent,  conceived  the  plan,  raised  the  money,  and  carried  through  the 
negotiations,  which  were  strictly  cash  transactions,  without  mortgages. 
The  magnificent  Corinthian  hall  of  the  Stock  Exchange  (115  by  50  feet) 
affords  very  exciting  scenes  when  the  Stock  market  is  agitated.  A gallery 
on  the  second  floor  is  always  open  to  visitors. 

At  the  right  side  of  the  main  entrance  to  the  Stock  Exchange,  at  53 
State  St.,  is  the  great  banking-room  of  the  American  Loan  & Trust  Com- 
pany, which,  besides  carrying  on  a general  banking  business,  is  chartered 
as  a legal  depository  for  executors,  guardians,  trustees,  and  law  courts,  and 
as  trustee  and  agent  in  financial  matters,  as  trustee  under  mortgages,  and  as 
transfer  agent  and  registrar  of  stocks  and  bonds.  This  notable  corporation 
has  gross  assets  exceeding  $6,500,000,  including  its  capital  of  $1,000,000 
and  its  surplus  of  $500,000,  and  deposits  exceeding  $5,000,000. 

On  the  left  of  the  main  entrance  is  the  banking-room  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts National  Bank,  with  a single  exception  the  oldest  bank  in  the 
United  States,  a solid  banking  institution  with  a specialty  of  selling  ex- 
change on  all  countries  of  the  world. 

Just  right  of  the  entrance  to  the  visitors’  gallery,  on  the  second  floor, 
are  the  commodious  banking-rooms  of  Pearmain  8a  Brooks,  very  energetic 
members  of  the  Stock  Exchange,  who  have  important  connections  with 
all  the  great  stock  exchanges  of  the  country. 

Immediately  across  from  the  Stock  Exchange,  at  the  southeast  corner 
of  State  and  Kilby  Sts.,  is  the  banking-house  of  Harvey  Fisk  & Sons, 
whose  dealings  in  United-States,  state,  county,  city,  and  other  high  grade 
bonds  have  reached  up  into  the  hundreds  of  millions  of  dollars. 

For  nearly  a century.  State  St.  has  been  the  financial  nerve-center  of 
New  England,  and  one  of  the  foremost  monetary  headquarters  of  the 
world.  Here, -and  in  the  contiguous  region  as  far  as  Milk  St.,  are  the 
most  powerful  banks  and  financial  and  brokerage  houses,  the  various  trust- 
companies,  and  many  corporations  of  wide  renown.  The  Clearing-House 
(established  in  1856),  at  66  State  St.,  is  second  only  to  that  of  New 
York  in  the  volume  of  its  transactions. 


I 


BOS  I ON  STOCK  EXCHANGE  — STATE  STREET  EXCHANGE  BUILDING. 

STATE,  KILBY  AND  EXCHANGE  STREETS. 


BOSTON  STOCK  EXCHANGE,  MAIN  FLOOR. 

FROM  PHOTO  LOANED  BY  PEARMAIN  <fc  BROOKS,  BANKERS,  STOCK  EXCHANGE,  63  STATE  STREET. 


HARVEY  FISK  4e  SONS.  KILBY  STREET.  STOCK  EXCHANGE. 

HARVEY  FISK  & SONS,  BANKERS  AND  BOND  DEALERS. 

STATE  STREET,  SOUTHEAST  CORNER  KILBY,  OPPOSITE  BOSTON  STOCK  EXCHANGE. 


F.  R.  CORDLEY  & CO.,  BANKERS  AND  BROKERS. 

BOSTON  CLEARING  HOUSE  BUILDING,  NO.  66  STATE  STREET,  OPPOSITE  STOCK  EXCHANGE. 


40 


King's  How  to  See  Boston." 

On  the  ground  floor  of  the  Clearing  House  building,  which  is  imme- 
diately across  the  street  from  the  Stock  Exchange,  are  the  banking- 
rooms  of  F.  R.  Cordley  & Co.,  who  are  members  of  the  Boston,  New- 
York  and  Chicago  exchanges,  with  influential  connections  at  various  im- 
portant centres. 

The  sober  and  now  sombre  granite  edifices  erected  along  State  St. 
half  a century  ago  are  being  replaced  by  immense  office- buildings,  of  the 
type  made  possible  by  elevators  ; and  the  oldtime  monotony  of  the  vista 
has  been  changed  to  a tumultuous  diversity,  which  is  not  without 
picturesqueness. 

All  along  on  State  St.  are  many  prominent  business-houses  in  various 
lines  of  industry.  At  Ii6  is  the  old  house  of  Francis  Doane  & Co.,  es- 
tablished in  1825,  manufacturers  of  blank  books,  stationers,  and  litho- 
graphers, supplying  the  great  financial  and  commercial  houses  with  their 
varied  requisites.  At  136  are  the  offices  of  Curtis  Davis  & Co.,  the 
oldest  soap  manufacturers  in  the  State,  whose  “ Welcome  Soap  ” is  sold 
throughout  America.  At  184  are  the  offices  of  the  Stickney  & Poor  Co., 
the  oldest  mustard  and  spice  house  in  the  city.  At  189  are  the  head- 
quarters of  the  Torrey  & Bentley  Co.,  a corporation  which  exclusively 
represents  large  manufacturers,  practically  the  only  one  of  its  character  in 
New  England,  and  employing  a very  large  force  of  traveling  salesmen. 

State  St.  was  until  the  Revolution  known  as  King  St.,  and  reached 
only  as  far  as  Merchants’  Row,  which  formed  the  harbor-strand,  with 
wharves  on  one  side.  It  has  been  trebled  in  length  by  filling  out  into  the 
harbor.  Beyond  the  lofty  Fiske  and  Farlow  buildings,  it  traverses  the 
region  of  foreign  consulates  ; passes  the  massive  and  sombre  Custom 
House,  dating  from  1837-47,  with  sides,  roof,  dome  and  32  huge  fluted 
columns  of  granite  ; leads  along  the  impressive  State-St.  Block  ; and 
reaches  Long  Wharf. 

Among  the  many  quaint  streets  adjacent  to  State  St.,  is  Central  St. 
which  leads  from  Kilby  St.,  eastward  past  the  south  side  of  the  Custom 
House  to  Central  Wharf.  At  No.  18  are  the  offices  of  Stillman  F.  Kelley 
& Co.,  reputed  to  be  the  head  of  the  molasses  and  syrups  trades,  with 
business  transactions  covering  many  States. 

A little  way  southward  from  the  Custom  House,  on  India  St.,  rises 
the  handsome  Romanesque  and  many-gabled  structure  of  the  Chamber 
of  Commerce,  built  from  designs  of  Shepley,  Rutan  & Coolidge  in 
1890-92,  of  pinkish-gray  granite,  with  a fine  domed,  frescoed,  and  oak- 
wainscoted  hall  (visible  from  the  visitors’  gallery),  reading-rooms,  state 
parlors,  and  many  offices.  In  this  exchange  are  bulletined  the  telegraphic 
marine  news,  and  current  quotations  of  provisions,  grain,  cotton,  etc. 

Kilby  St.  (once  eleven  feet  wide,  and  called  Mackerel  Lane)  leads 
south  from  State  St.,  between  the  site  of  the  Bunch-of-Grapes  tavern, 
founded  in  1713,  and  a Patriot  headquarters,  where  Washington  and  his 
officers  were  banqueted,  in  1776,  and  the  British  Coffee  House,  fre- 
quented by  the  Tories  and  Royal  officers.  The  first  theatre-play  in 


STATE  STREET,  FROM  BROAD  TO  WASHINGTON  STREETS. 

FROM  THE  CUSTOM  HOUSE  TO  THE  OLD  STATE  HOUSE. 


•RANCIS  DOANE  & CO.,  STATIONERS  AND  BLANK  BOOK  MAN  F RS. 

NO.  116  STATE  STREET,  OPPOSITE  BROAD  STREET. 


THE  CUSTOM 


THE  TORREY  & BENTLEY  COMPANY,  MANUFACTURERS’  AGENTS. 

NOS.  189  AND  191  STATE  STREET,  JUST  EAST  OF  THE  CUSTOM  HOUSE. 


STIUMAN  F.  KELLEY  4 CO. 


CENTTUL  STBEET.  CUSTOM  HOUSE. 

STILLMAN  F.  KELLEY  & CO.,  MOLASSES  AND  SYRUPS. 

O.  18  CENTRAL  STREET,  BETWEEN  BROAD  AND  KILBY  STREETS. 


CHAMBER  OF  COMMERCE. 

INDIA  AND  CENTRAL  STREETS,  AT  THE  EAST  END  OF  MILK  STREET. 


48  King's  ** How  to  See  Bosio7t.'" 

Boston  (Otway’s  The  Orphan')  was  given  in  the  Coffee  House,  in  1750, 
and  called  out  such  harsh  legislation  that  no  more  were  performed  for  42 
years,  except  in  the  British  garrison.  On  Kilby  St.  and  in  the  immedi- 
ate vicinity  are  the  numerous  insurance-offices,  chief  among  which  are 
those  of  John  C.  Paige,  occupying  an  entire  building,  at  20  Kilby  St.,  with 
100  clerks.  This  is  one  of  the  largest  underwriting  agencies  in  existence, 
and  its  business  is  continental  in  scope.  The  first  underwriter  in  America, 
Joseph  Marion,  in  1724,  opened  on  the  site  of  22  State  St.  a thriving 
marine  insurance  office,  and  in  1728  started  the  Sun  Fire  Office,  which 
latter  was  a forerunner  of  the  modern  insurance  companies.  Kilby  St. 
leads  to  the  great  Mason  Building  and  the  Telephone  Building,  on  Lib- 
erty Square,  formerly  a dock  and  shipyard.  At  the  corner  of  Milk  St. 
is  the  sumptuously  equipped  new  building  of  the  Exchange  Club,  a down- 
town liinch  and  dining  club. 

Congress  St.  (formerly  Quaker  Lane)  runs  from  State  St.  through  the 
banking  and  insurance  quarter  to  the  magnificent  Post-Office  Square,  for 
which  the  easier  names  of  Farragut  Square  and  Federal  Square  have 
been  suggested.  At  19  Congress  St.  is  the  Howard  National  Bank,  pre- 
viously mentioned,  and  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Exchange  Place  is  the 
valuable  building  of  the  State  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co.,  of  Worcester, 
Massachusetts. 

The  Post-Office,  an  enormous  pile  of  Cape- Ann  granite,  with  an  iron 
roof,  was  built  in  1869-85,  at  a cost  of  nearly  $6,000,000,  and  covers 
more  than  an  acre.  The  front  toward  the  Square  is  crowned  by  two 
heroic  groups,  sculptured  in  Vermont  marble,  by  Daniel  C.  French. 
The  one  on  the  left  shows  Labor  (a  blacksmith  with  anvil)  sustaining  the 
Family  (a  mother  and  child)  and  the  Fine  Arts  (a  woman  with  a vase)  ; 
that  on  the  right.  Science  (in  the  centre)  controlling  the  forces  of  Steam 
(a  crouching  slave)  and  Electricity.  The  U. -S.  Sub-Treasury,  on  the 
second  floor  of  this  building,  usually  contains  ten  millions  or  more  in 
money  ; and  its  Cash  Room,  80  by  40  feet,  in  the  Greek  style,  with 
Sicily  and  Siena  marble,  is  one  of  the  sights  of  the  town.  The  U.-S. 
court-rooms  are  on  the  third  floor  ; and  the  building  contains  also  the 
Pension,  Naval  Pay,  Internal  Revenue,  Lighthouse,  and  Treasury  Special 
Agents’  offices,  occupying  spacious  quarters.  The  Signal  Service  is  on 
the  fifth  floor,  with  its  instruments  and  cautionary  signals  on  the  roof, 
and  also  the  time-ball,  dropping  every  noon  by  telegraphic  signal  from  the 
Harvard  Observatory.  The  Bar  Association,  founded  in  1876,  with  500 
members,  has  its  great  library  in  this  building.  Bynner,  the  novelist, 
was  its  librarian. 

The  Hancock  National  Bank  occupies  one  of  the  most  conspicuous 
sites  in  Boston,  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Congress  and  Water  Sts.,  op- 
posite the  Post-Office,  at  the  beginning  of  Post-Office  Square.  The  bank 
was  originally  established  under  a State  charter,  in  1831.  In  its  long 
existence  it  has  done  a large  business,  which,  with  its  reorganization,  and 
a strong  board  of  directors,  it  is  rapidly  increasing.  With  a single 


JOHN  C.  PAIGE,  INSURANCE  AGENCY. 

NO.  20  KILBY  STREET,  OPPOSITE  STOCK  EXCHANGE,  BETWEEN  DOANE  AND  CENTRAL  STREETS. 


HANCOCK  NATIONAL  BANK  OF  BOSTON. 

POST-OFFICE  SQUARE,  NO.  50  WATER  STREET,  NORTHWEST  CORNER  OF  CONGRESS  STREET. 


UNITED  STATES  POST-OFFICE  AND  SUB-TREASURY. 

POST-OFFICE  SQUARE  : MILK,  DEVONSHIRE,  WATER  AND  CONGRESS  STREETS. 


54  King's  How  to  See  Boston.'''' 

exception  this  is  the  only  United  States  bank  named  in  honor  of  John 
Hancock,  the  illustrious  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence. 

Opposite  the  north  side  of  the  Post-Office,  at  40  Water  St.,  is  the 
banking-house  of  Richardson,  Hill  & Co.,  one  of  Boston’s  prominent 
banking  firms,  transacting  a general  banking  business,  buying  and  selling 
securities,  dealing  in  commercial  paper,  and  members  of  the  New- York, 
Boston  and  other  stock  exchanges. 

Also  at  40  Water  St.  are  the  offices  of  the  Berkshire  Life  Insurance 
Co.  (Col.  W.  H.  Dyer,  superintendent  of  agencies),  a solid  and  enter- 
prising corporation,  chartered  in  1851  under  the  salutary  laws  of  Massa- 
chusetts. 

The  south  side  of  Post-Office  Square  is  occupied  by  the  adjoining  edi- 
fices of  two  great  life-insurance  corporations  — the  Mutual  Life  of  New 
York  and  the  New  England  Mutual  of  Boston,  the  two  oldest  regular  life 
insurance  companies  in  this  country,  both  being  purely  mutual. 

At  Milk  and  Pearl  Sts.  is  the  $900,000  noble  white-marble  palace  of 
the  Mutual  Life-Insurance  Company  of  New  York,  one  of  the  grandest 
office-buildings,  with  a lofty  clock-tower  234  feet  high  to  the  top  of  the 
flag-staff,  and  198  feet  high  to  the  sea-viewing  balcony.  Peabody  & 
Stearns  were  the  architects.  This  is  the  greatest  fiduciary  institution  in 
the  world,  and  has  assets  exceeding  $200,000,000. 

At  Milk  and  Congress  Sts.  the  New-England  Mutual  Life-Insurance 
Co.,  the  largest  in  this  State,  has  a million-dollar  white  granite  office- 
building, uninflammable,  with  huge  bronze  emblematic  statuary  on 
top.  It  dates  from  1874,  and  was  planned  by  N.  J.  Bradlee.  The  com- 
pany was  chartered  in  1835,  been  continuously  prosperous,  hav- 

ing now  assets  of  $25,000,000.  Benj.  F.  Stevens,  the  president,  is  a 
veritable  veteran  in  the  life-insurance  profession,  having  been  continu- 
ously connected  with  the  New  England  Mutual  for  48  years.  The  New 
England  Mutual  is  esteemed  the  world  over  as  one  of  the  strongest  and 
most  conservative  of  all  the  life  insurance  corporations. 

A little  way  farther  up  Milk  St.  rises  the  costly  Equitable  Life  Build- 
ing, made  of  granite,  brick  and  iron,  nine  stories  high,  and  erected  mainly 
in  1873.  Many  persons  go  in  the  elevators  up  to  the  roof,  which  com- 
mands a singularly  fine  bird’s-eye  view  of  the  island-studded  harbor  and 
the  crowded  town.  The  Equitable  Life  is  one  of  the  most  colossal 
financial  corporations  in  existence.  Its  ramifications  are  world-wide.  Its 
assets  approach  $200,000,000.  Its  local  force  are  an  able  body  of  life 
underwriters,  including  Nathan  Warren  (Resident  Secretary),  James  B. 
Niver,  James  H.  Lake,  Fred’k  B.  K.  Marter,  Wm.  A.  Barton,  F.  A. 
Chesbro,  E.  R.  Fowler,  and  Hodgman  & Worth.  The  street-floor  and 
the  basements  have  been  constructed  with  marvellous  strength,  especially 
for  the  Security  Safe  Deposit  Co.,  whose  enormous  vaults  are  admirably 
arranged  and  ingeniously  guarded  to  afford  absolute  security  for  valuables 
of  every  kind,  and  to  provide  all  desirable  conveniences  and  facilities  for 
its  patrons.  Its  reading-room  is  one  of  the  most  sumptuous  apartments 


mutual  life  of  new  YORK.  NEW-EN6LAN0  MUTUAL. 

MUTUAL  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY  OF  NEW  YORK. 

NO.  95  MI1.K,  SOUTHWEST  CORNER  PEARL  STREET,  SwUTH  SIDE  POST-OFFICE  SQUARE, 


MUTUAL  LIFE  TOWER  VIEW,  LOOKING  NORTHWARD. 

MUTUAL  LIFE  INSURANCE  BUILDING,  POST-OFFICE  SQUARE. 


MUTUAL  LIFE  TOWER  VIEW,  LOOKING  WESTWARD. 

MUTUAL  LIFE  INSURANCE  BUILDING,  POST-OFFICE  SQUARE. 


MUTUAL  LIFE  TOWER  VIEW,  LOOKING  SOUTHWARD. 

MUTUAL  LIFE  INSURANCE  BUILDING,  POST-OFFICE  SQUARE. 


NEW-ENQLAND  MUTUAL  LIFE  INSURANCE  COMPANY. 

COMPANY’S  BUILDING,  POST-OFFICE  SQUARE,  MILK  AND  CONGRESS  STREETS. 


6o 


King's  How  to  See  Boston." 


in  this  country.  On  the  street-floor  of  the  Equitable  Life  Building,  at 
the  Devonshire  and  Milk  St.  corner,  are  the  fine  banking  rooms  of 
Clark,  Ward  & Co.,  bankers,  members  of  the  New  York  and  Boston 
stock  exchanges,  transacting  a very  large  business  at  all  the  exchanges. 

At  the  southwest  corner  of  Milk  and  Devonshire  Sts.,  diagonally 
across  from  the  Post  Office,  is  the  nine-story  building  of  the  International 
Trust  Co.  of  Boston,  one  of  the  most  elegant  and  graceful  office  buildings 
on  the  continent.  It  was  completed  in  1894.  It  is  absolutely  a fire- 
proof structure,  and  on  its  lower  floors  are  public  safety  deposit  vaults, 
protected  by  every  desirable  safeguard  and  furnished  with  all  modern 
conveniences,  where  patrons  can  rent  boxes  of  various  sizes  for  the  storage 
of  valuables.  The  International  Trust  Co.,  which  owns  the  building,  is  a 
general  banking  institution  as  well  as  a regular  and  special  trust  company, 
for  individual  and  corporate  trusts,  with  a capital  of  $1,000,000,  surplus  and 
undivided  profits 
of  almost  $1,200,- 
000,  and  gross  as- 
sets of  $9,000,000. 

The  Rialto,  the 
Joh  n H an  cock, 
and  other  adjacent 
structures  contain 
banks  and  hun- 
dreds of  corpora- 
tion offices. 

At  79  Milk  St., 
at  southeast  corner 
of  Federal  St.,  is 
the  head -quarters 
of  the  famous 
Fairbanks  scales, 
whose  business, 
founded  in  1825, 
employs  1,000  men 
with  branches  all 
over  the  world. 

The  Fairbanks 
Co.  succeeded 
Fairbanks,  Brown 
& Co.  Besides 
scales,  the  pro- 
ducts include  Han- 
cock  inspirators, 
steam  and  water 
valves,  store  and 

warehouse  trucks.  exchange  club,  milk  and  batterymarch  streets. 


THE  FAIRBANKS  COMPANY,— THE  FAIRBANKS’  SCALES. 

MILK  STREET,  SOUTHEAST  CORNER  OF  FEDERAL  STREET,  POST-OFFICE  SQUARE. 


EQUITABLE  LIFE  ASSURANCE  SOCIETY  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

EQUITABLE  LIFE  BUILDING,  MILK,  DEVONSHIRE  AND  FEDERAL  STREETS. 


..  ^ 

id 

o * 

X- 

i 3C  ? 

; J < 

< 

m 

mm 

INTERNATIONAL  TRUST  COMPANY  OF  BOSTON.  65 

INTERNATIONAL  TRUST  BUILDING,  MILK  STREET,  SOUTHWEST  CORNER  OF  DEVONSHIRE  STREET. 


66 


King's  Hozv  to  See  Boston.'" 

The  Broadway  National  Bank,  at  41  Milk,  corner  of  Arch,  was  founded 
in  1853,  in  South  Boston,  and  since  its  transfer  to  the  financial  district 
has  become  one  of  the  most  enterprising  and  successful  of  the  city 
banks. 

At  the  head  of  Milk  St.  is  the  Old  South  Meeting-house. 

The  district  between  Milk  and  Summer  Sts.,  and  farther  south,  is 
occupied  by  great  business  blocks,  where  a vast  wholesale  trade  is  carried 
on.  The  crockery  houses  are  on  Franklin  St. ; the  paper  firms,  on  and  near 
Federal  St.;  the  wholesale  dry-goods  stores,  on  and  about  Summer  and 
Devonshire  Sts.;  the  wool  houses,  about  the  intersection  of  Summer  and 


UCHANGt  CLUB.  MASON  BUILD  NG.  TELEPHONE  BUILDING. 

LIBERTY  SQUARE,  JUNCTION  KILBY,  WATER  AND  BATTERYMARCH  STREETS. 


Federal  Sts.;  and  the  boot,  shoe  and  leather  trade,  in  High,  Pearl,  Pur- 
chase, Summer,  Federal,  and  other  streets.  The  Shoe  and  Leather  Ex- 
change is  at  116-126  Bedford  St.  Most  of  this  region  was  swept  over 
in  the  appalling  Great  Fire  of  1872,  when  $75,000,000  worth  of  property 
went  up  in  flame  and  smoke.  The  region  thus  devastated  lay  between 
Summer  St.  and  the  Old  South  Meeting-House  and  the  new  Post  Office 
and  State  St.,  and  between  Washington  St.  and  the  wharves.  After- 
wards, one  could  stand  on  Washington  St.  and  see  the  harbor  — the  most 
conspicuous  remains  on  the  devastated  Washington  St.  being  the  pure 
white  marble  front  of  Macullar,  Parker  & Co.’s  building.  The  rebuilding 


BROADWAY  NATIONAL  BANK  OF  BOSTON. 

NO.  41  MILK  STREET,  SOUTHEAST  CORNER  OF  ARCH  STREET. 


70 


King's  How  to  See  Boston''' 

filled  the  district  with  handsome  specimens  of  architecture,  oftentimes 
very  rich  in  design  and  material ; and  also  gave  opportunity  for  the  widen- 
ing and  straightening  of  the  queer  old  streets. 

Hawley  St.  runs  southward  from  Milk  St. , and  at  38  is  the  busy  estab- 
lishment of  Geo.  F.  King  & Merrill,  wholesale  and  retail  stationers,  and 
makers  of  King’s  pens  and  pencils. 

Franklin  St.,  quite  bow-shaped  still,  although  partially  straightened 
after  the  Great  Fire,  runs  from  Washington  to  Broad  St.  It  is  a centre 
for  Express  Companies,  and  many  notable  wholesale  and  retail  concerns. 

At  83  Franklin  St.,  corner  of  Arch  St.,  are  the  offices  and  exhibition 
rooms  of  Redding,  Baird  & Co. , whose  productions  of  stained  and  leaded 
glass  windows  for  homes,  churches,  and  public  buildings  rival  the  highest 
grade  of  workmanship  in  this  country.  Their  productions  have  been 
placed  in  notable  edifices  throughout  the  Union. 

On  Devonshire  St.,  which  meanders  from  State  to  Summer  Sts.,  are 
many  prominent  business  houses.  At  18 1 are  the  executive  offices  of  the 
Forbes  Lithograph  Manufacturing  Co.,  whose  works  near  Chelsea  em- 
ploy 600  men  in  fine  illustrative  and  artistic  work,  with  a large  trade  even 
in  England  and  Germany.  At  the  southwest  corner  of  Devonshire  and 
Franklin  Sts.  are  the  commodious  banking  rooms  of  the  National  Revere 
Bank,  organized  in  1859,  and  always  one  of  Boston’s  most  noted  and 
conservative  banking  institutions.  Its  capital  is  $1,500,000  and  its  cor- 
respondents and  connections  cover  the  whole  country.  The  whole  upper 
floors  of  the  building  are  occupied  by  the  eastern  headquarters  of  The 
Bradstreet  Company,  the  oldest  and  strongest  of  the  mercantile  agencies, 
continually  and  vigilantly  observing,  rating  and  recording  the  history,  pro- 
spects and  progress  of  a million  and  a half  business  firms  and  corpora- 
tions. At  the  southeast  corner  is  the  Cathedral  Building,  occupying  the 
site  of  the  Catholic  Cathedral,  constructed  by  Bulfinch  in  1803,  and  sold 
in  i860  to  Isaac  Rich,  who  erected  the  present  structure,  and  bequeathed 
it  to  Boston  University.  The  great  linen-thread  importing  and  manufac- 
turing house  of  J.  R.  Leeson  & Co.  occupies  part  of  the  Cathedral 
Building,  226  Devonshire  St.,  as  its  headquarters  for  the  “ Real  Scotch” 
and  its  other  makes  of  linen  and  cotton  thread  for  all  uses. 

Winthrop  Square,  the  junction  of  Franklin,  Devonshire  and  Otis  Sts., 
has  a group  of  prominent  wholesale  firms.  At  its  centre  is  a fountain 
much  used  for  watering  horses. 

At  the  corner  of  Franklin  and  Federal  Sts.  is  the  crockery  establish- 
ment of  Jones,  McDuffee  & Stratton,  a veritable  gallery  of  art  china  and 
glass,  useful  and  ornamental.  The  several  floors  should  be  visited  by  all 
who  come  to  Boston,  for  here  are  exhibited  the  choicest  wares  from  the 
famous  potteries  and  glass-works  of  the  world.  The  site  is  notable  from 
the  fact  that  here  stood  the  old  Federal-street  Theatre,  in  its  day  the 
greatest  of  Boston’s  play-houses.  The  firm,  too,  is  notable  from  its  age, 
having  been  established  in  1810,  and  from  its  having  been  founded  by  the 
late  Otis  Norcross,  a former  mayor  of  Boston. 


I nc.c.  I i^ulVII-’ANY 


, ' < un«i-»o  I ntc.  I lYltKUANT  LE  AQFNrv 

NO.  100  FRANKLIN  STREET,  NORTHWEST  CORNER  OF  DEVONSHIRE  STREET. 


THE  NATIONAL  REVERE  BANK  OF  BOSTON. 

NO.  100  FRANKLIN  STREET,  NORTHWEST  CORNER  OF  DEVONSHIRE  STREET. 


74 


WHOLESALE  DISTRICT. 


76 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.^' 

At  Franklin  and  Pearl  Sts.  is  the  extensive  and  finely  equipped 
printing-house  of  Smith  & Porter,  the  large  building  being  owned  by 
the  firm.  They  are  general  commercial,  job  and  book  printers. 

Fort' Hill  Square,  down  towards  the  harbor,  is  the  site  of  Fort  Hill, 
lOO  feet  above,  and  crowned  as  early  as  1632  by  a harbor-commanding 
battery,  from  whose  ramparts  Sir  Edmund  Andros  and  his  redcoats  were 
dragged  by  the  Boston  train-bands  in  1689.  In  1774,  this  fortress  had 
35  guns;  and  was  garrisoned  by  the  Welsh  Fusileers,  the  heroes  of  Min- 
den.  Early  in  this  century,  the  hill  was  covered  with  patrician  resi- 
dences, ranged  around  Independence  Park  ; but  the  Irish  immigrants  by 
degrees  invaded  it,  and  the  scene  became  squalid.  In  1866-73,  the  hill 
was  cut  down,  and  used  in  filling  Atlantic  Avenue  ; and  its  site  is  a level 
green  park,  surrounded  by  the  buildings  of  iron  and  hardware  and  drug 
firms,  and  one  of  the  model  fire-engine  houses  of  the  city.  At  Nos.  16  to 
24  Oliver  St.  are  the  offices  and  salesrooms  of  the  Walworth  Manufactur- 
ing Co.,  producers  of  steam  apparatus  and  supplies,  pipes  and  fittings, 
and  whose  extensive  works  are  at  South  Boston.  At  34  Oliver  St.  are 
the  offices  and  salesrooms  of  the  B.  F.  Sturtevant  Co.,  whose  blowers, 
engines  and  ventilating  apparatus,  made  in  their  great  works  at  Jamaica 
Plain,  are  in  very  general  use.  At  Oliver  and  Purchase  Sts.  is  the 
bindery  and  publishing  warehouse  of  Thomas  Y.  Crowell  & Co.,  who  are 
famous  as  bookbinders  and  publishers,  with  a long  list  of  books  covering 
a wide  range  of  strictly  high-class  literature  and  works  of  reference.  At 
High  and  Purchase  Sts.  is  the  immense  six-story  factory  of  the  John  L. 
Whiting  & Son  Co.,  founded  in  1864,  and  the  largest  manufacturers  of 
brushes  in  America,  with  ingenious  machinery  and  processes,  and  a large 
American  and  foreign  trade.  The  ingenious  mechanisms  for  making  the 
universally  approved  “Goodyear  Welts”  and  other  products  of  the 
machines  of  the  Goodyear  Shoe-Machinery  Co.  are  manufactured  in  their 
great  factory  on  Federal  St.;  and  their  offices  are  at  158  Summer  St. 

All  this  section  is  hallowed  by  historical  events  which  would  require 
a volume  to  narrate.  Emerson  was  born,  in  1803,  near  the  corner  of 
Summer  and  Chauncey  Sts.  ; the  historian,  Prescott,  on  Bedford  St.,  close 
by  ; and  Edgar  A.  Poe  was  born  while  his  mother  was  playing  at  the 
Federal -Street  Theatre,  in  1809.  His  first  book  also  appeared  in  Boston, 
in  1827.  George  Bancroft  lived  at  the  corner  of  Otis  St.  and  Winthrop 
Square,  near  Nath’l  Bowditch’s,  Gen.  Heath’s  and  Sir  Wm.  Pepperell’s. 
Allston’s  studio,  from  1818  to  1830,  occupied  the  barn  of  the  Prince 
house,  in  which  Spurzheim,  the  Prussian  phrenologist,  died,  on  the  north- 
east corner  of  Pearl  and  High  Sts.  Gilbert  Stuart’s  studio  was  on  Essex 
St.,  near  Edinboro.  An  inscribed  tablet  at  the  junction  of  High  and 
Summer  Sts.  shows  where  Webster  long  dwelt. 

The  district  between  State  and  Washington  Sts.  and  the  harbor  was 
once  sparsely  occupied  by  humble  village-farms,  with  pastures  and 
orchards,  diversified  by  a battery  on  Fort  Hill,  a windmill  near  the  foot 
of  Summer  St.,  and  a few  rope-walks  near  the  salt-marshes.  In  the 


SMITH  & PORTER,  GENERAL  PRINTERS. 

SMITH  & PORTER  BUILDING,  FRANKLIN  STREET,  SOUTHWEST  CORNER  OF  PEARL  STREET.  "T? 


00 


THOMAS  Y.  CROWELL  & CO.,  BOOKBINDERS  AND  PUBLISHERS. 

OLIVER  STREET,  SOUTHEAST  CORNER  OF  PURCHASE  STREET. 


JOHN  L.  WHITING  & SON  CO.,  BRUSH  MANUFACTURERS. 

HIGH  STREET,  SOUTHWEST  CORNER  OF  PURCHASE  STREET,  JUST  EAST  OF  FORT  HILL  SQUARE. 


8o 


King's  How  to  See  Bosto7i.'''' 

Provincial  time,  the  gentry  had  their  country-seats  here,  with  fish-ponds, 
rare  fruits  and  rich  gardens.  About  a century  ago,  Franklin  St.  was  laid 
out  across  a marsh,  for  residences;  and  Summer  St.  became  the  hand- 
somest rural  thoroughfare  in  New  England,  with  lines  of  noble  old  trees 
and  parterres  of  brilliant  flowers  around  its  patrician  mansions.  Beach 
St.  was  on  the  beach  ; and  Essex  St.  wound  in  its  present  odd  curves 
along  the  water-side.  Fort  St.  (leading  from  the  governor’s  to  the  fort) 
became  Milk  St.  ; Pudding  Lane,  Devonshire  St.  ; Bishop’s  Alley,  Haw- 
ley St.  ; Blind  Alley,  Bedford  St. ; Cow  Lane,  High  St.  (because  it  ran 
high  over  Fort  Hill)  ; and  Long  Lane,  Federal  St.  (because  the  Federal 
Constitution  was  ratified  there).  Over  this  tangle  of  lanes,  and  pastures 
and  sea-marshes  has  arisen  the  present  grand  mercantile  district,  with  its 
many  scores  of  millions  of  value,  and  its  influence  over  a continent. 


FORT  HILL  SQUARE,  FROM  HIGH  TO  OLIVE  STREETS. 


Fires  have  done  much  toward  the  renovation  of  this  locality,  but  the 
march  of  improvement  did  its  full  share.  For  some  years  hereabouts  de- 
generated into  poor  tenement  quarters,  but  the  widening  of  streets  and 
erection  of  fine  buildings  have  entirely  changed  its  appearance  and  uses. 

The  district  near  Bedford  and  Essex  Sts.,  where  the  Thanksgiving- 
Day  fire  of  1889  destroyed  $6,000,000,  and  the  fire  of  March  10,  1893, 
swept  off  $4,000,000  more,  is  being  occupied  by  long  blocks  of  hand- 
some commercial  buildings,  the  homes  of  many  famous  wholesale  shoe 
and  dry-goods  firms.  At  the  junction  of  Bedford  and  Kingston  Sts. 
stands  the  eminent  wholesale  notion,  small  wares,  and  fancy  dry-goods 
establishment  of  the  Walker- Stetson- Sawyer  Co.,  one  of  the  foremost 
houses  in  America  in  this  trade,  with  customers  extending  from  Maine  to 
California.  In  1896  this  corporation  will  take  possession  of  its  grand 
new  buildings,  now  being  specially  erected  for  it  at  Lincoln  and  Essex  Sts. 

At  Beach,  Lincoln  and  Kingston  Sts.  is  an  ancient  hostelry,  with  a 
thoroughly  modernized  interior  and  a world-famous  landlord,  — the 
spacious  and  comfortable  United  States  Hotel,  kept  by  Tilly  Haynes. 
This  hotel  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most  popular  in  New  England.  A 
block  or  two  farther  south,  on  Kneeland  St.,  are  the  simple,  spacious 
and  busy  stations  of  the  Boston  & Albany  and  the  Old  Colony  Railroads. 
Street-cars  for  almost  everywhere  pass  there  in  unceasing  processions. 


UNITED  STATES  HOTEL.— TILLY  HAYNES,  PROPRIETOR. 

BEACH  STREET,  FROM  KINGSTON  TO  LINCOLN  STREETS. 


THE  RETAIL  DISTRICT. 

The  Retail  District  lies  mainly  between  the  Wholesale  District,  which 
has  just  been  rambled  through,  and  the  Common,  and  includes  the  chief 
retail  shops  of  all  kinds,  the  theatres,  newspaper-offices,  municipal  build- 
ings, and  some  of  the  most  important  hotels.  Its  main  arteries  are 
Tremont  St.  and  Washington  St.;  and  the  short  thoroughfares  connecting 
these  two  are  also  devoted  to  a lively  retail  trade.  As  Hpwells  says  : 

“ Nowhere  in  the  world  has  shopping  such  an  intensity  of  physiognomy  as  in 
Boston.  It  is  unsparingly  sincere.  The  lovely  faces  of  the  swarming  crowd  were 
almost  fierce  in  their  preoccupation.” 

Tremont  St.  passes  out  of  Scollay  Square,  with  the  tall  Hemenway 
Building  on  the  left,  just  beyond  which  extends  the  long  balconied  and 
many-lanterned  Renaissance  front  of  the  Boston  Museum,  built  in  1846. 
This  is  the  oldest  local  theatre  (founded  in  1841),  and  has  a charming 
interior  and  a good  stock  company.  Its  quaint  front  hall  contains  a mu- 
seum of  curiosities  and  paintings ; and  the  rural  Puritans  coming  up  to 
town  used  to  wander  in  hither,  ostensibly  to  see  these  instructive  collec- 
tions, but  not  without  a purpose  to  observe  the  dramas  and  comedies  on 
the  stage.  Wherefore  it  was  called  “the  Ministers’  Theatre.”  It  was 
entirely  remodelled  not  many  years  ago,  with  scientific  heating  and  venti- 
lation, nearly  fireproof  construction,  and  decorations  by  Gaugengigl. 
Edwin  Booth  made  his  debut  here,  in  1849,  William  Warren  played 
in  this  company  for  over  fifty  years.  Next  comes  the  granite  building  oc- 
cupied till  1894  by  the  Suffolk-County  Probate  Office  (Robert  Grant,  the 
novelist,  is  Probate  Judge);  and  also  (since  1833)  by  the  Massachusetts 
Historical  Society,  founded  in  1791,  and  the  oldest  in  America.  This  is 
a costly  and  aristocratic  association  of  100  scholarly  gentlemen,  largely 
Harvard  graduates,  and  has  published  three  or  four  score  volumes  of  col- 
lections and  proceedings.  Visitors  are  welcomed  to  the  rooms,  with  the 
library  of  40,000  books  and  100,000  pamphlets,  and  a rich  museum  con- 
taining the  swords  of  Miles  Standish,  Sir  Wm.  Pepperrell,  Col.  Church, 
Gov.  Carver,  Col.  Prescott  of  Bunker  Hill,  and  Capt.  Linzee,  R.  N. ; 
King  Philip’s  samp-bowl  ; ancient  weapons  and  standards ; and  por- 
traits of  Govs.  Endicott,  Winslow,  Pownall,  Winthrop,  Dummer,  Hutch- 
inson, Strong,  and  Gore. 

King’s-Chapel  Burial-Ground,  the  oldest  in  Boston,  dates  from  1630, 
and  contains  the  remains  of  the  three  Govs.  Winthrop,  Gov.  Shirley, 
Gov.  Leverett,  Gov.  Endicott,  John  Winslow,  Lady  Andros,  and  Cot- 
ton, Davenport,  Oxenbridge,  and  other  illustrious  divines,  with  Brattle, 
Sheafe  and  other  great  Colonial  merchants,  and  learned  judges  and  sev- 
eral gallant  officers.  The  bronze  tablets  on  the  wall  are  interestingly  in- 
scribed. The  trees  here  have  a vast  population  of  birds,  whose  debates 
and  bickerings  often  attract  popular  attention. 

King’s  Chapel,  quaint,  dark  and  lowly,  has  a venerable  Londonish 
interior,  with  many  mural  tablets,  rich  stained  windows,  rows  of  columns 

83 


OLD  SOUTH.  MACUUAB,  PARKEB  * CO. 

WASHINGTON  STREET,  NORTH  FROM  MACULLAR,  PARKER  & CO. 

84  EAST  SIDE  OF  WASHINGTON  STREET,  BETWEEN  FRANKLIN  AND  WATER  STREETS. 


1 


MACULLAR,  PARKER  CO.  S 

WASHINGTON  STREET,  SOUTH  FROM  MACULLAR,  PARKER  & 

EAST  SIDE  OF  WASHINGTON  STREET,  BETWEEN  FRANKLIN  AND  SUMM 


CO. 


85 


86 


Kin^s  '‘'■How  to  See  Boston^ 

and  an  antique  pulpit.  Here  was  erected  the  first  Episcopal  church  in 
Boston,  in  1689,  enlarged  in  1710,  and  replaced  in  1749-54  by  the  present 
house,  built  by  Peter  Harrison,  one  of  the  architects  of  Blenheim  Palace, 
of  granite  boulders  from  the  Braintree  plains.  Three  British  sovereigns 
enriched  the  chapel  with  plate,  paintings,  books,  etc.,  and  here  the  first 
organ  in  New  England  was  set  up.  The  Vice-regal  court  and  army  and 
navy  officers  attended  service  here,  in  state  pews,  and  the  walls  and  pillars 
bore  royal  and  noble  escutcheons.  The  rector  fled  to  Halifax  with  the 
British  army,  in  1776,  carrying  away  the  valuable  plate,  and  services 
were  discontinued  for  some  years.  In  1785,  the  society  expurgated  Trini- 
tarianism  from  the  liturgy,  and  became  the  first  Unitarian  church  in  New 
England.  Washington  attended  an  oratorio  here  in  1789,  clad  in  black 
velvet,  and  gave  five  guineas  toward  finishing  the  portico. 

Across  Tremont  St.  from  the  Museum  and  Chapel  were  the  homes  of 
John  Cotton,  “the  spiritual  father  of  Boston,”  Gov.  Sir  Harry  Vane, 
Chief-Justice  Sewall,  Lord  Percy,  Gov.  Bellingham,  Peter  Faneuil, 
Lieut. -Gov.  Phillips,  Davenport  (founder  of  New  Haven),  and  other 
magnates. 

In  the  block  opposite  the  Boston  Museum  and  the  Probate  Office  is 
the  pharmacy  and  chemical  laboratory  of  the  Theodore  Metcalf  Co.,  at  39 
Tremont  St.  It  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  trustworthy  in  the  city, 
and  was  founded  in  1837.  Its  toilet  and  pharmaceutic  preparations  are 
esteemed  as  of  the  highest  grade  by  the  medical  professions,  and  its 
essences  and  extracts  are  standards  everywhere. 

School  St.  was  so  named  because  the  Latin  School  stood  here  from 
1634  to  1844,  first  on  the  back  part  of  the  King’s-Chapel  site,  and  after 
1748  on  the  Parker-PIouse  site.  Here  studied  Franklin,  Hancock, 
Adams,  Everett,  Eliot,  Bowdoin,  Eustis,  Winthrop,  Dana,  Bowditch, 
Otis,  Hillard,  Sumner,  Everett,  Emerson,  Motley,  Parkman,  Evarts, 
Devens,  Mather,  Channing,  H.  W.  Beecher,  J.  F.  Clarke,  E.  E.  Hale, 
Phillips  Brooks,  and  many  other  notables.  The  immense  and  famous 
white-marble  Parker  House  was  founded  in  1855,  Harvey  D.  Parker  ; 
and  after  frequent  enlargements  in  1886  dedicated  its  superb  eight-story 
chateau-roofed  extension,  on  the  corner  of  Tremont  St.  The  late  T.  O. 
H.  P.  Burnham,  the  owner  of  this  corner  (1,984  feet  of  land)  had  a bitter 
feud  with  Parker,  and  for  many  years  refused  to  sell  him  the  coveted 
ground.  When  peaceful  death  closed  their  warfare,  the  land  was  acquired 
for  the  hotel  extension,  at  a cost  of  ^200,000.  Parker’s,  besides  its 
travellers’  trade,  is  a downtown  rendezvous  for  politicians,  business  men, 
and  club-dinners  ; and  has  several  popular  dining-rooms.  It  was  the  first 
European-plan  hotel  in  America. 

The  City  Hall,  on  the  north  side  of  School  St.,  east  of  King’s 
Chapel,  is  a substantial  and  fireproof  Renaissance  building,  of  white 
Concord  granite,  erected  in  1862-65,  at  a cost  of  ^500,000;  and  filled 
with  commodious  rooms  for  the  many  and  costly  municipal  departments. 
Efforts  are  under  way  to  erect  a ^4,000,000  municipal  palace,  alongside 


THEODORE  METCALF  COMPANY,  PHARMACISTS  AND  CHEMISTS. 

NO.  89  TREMONT  STREET,  WEST  SIDE,  OPPOSITE  BOSTON  MUSEUM. 


THE  CITY  HALL. 

SCHOOL  STREET,  BETWEEN  TREMONT  AND  WASHINGTON  STREETS. 


90 


King's  How  to  See  Bo  stony 

the  State  House.  On  the  lawn  in  front  stands  Ball’s  bronze  statue 
(erected  in  1879)  of  Josiah  Quincy,  the  great  mayor  (in  1823-28),  also 
a Congressman  (1805-13)  and  President  of  Harvard  (1829-45).  The 
drapery  is  heavy,  but  the  portrait  is  good.  Here,  also,  stands  R.  S. 
Greenough’s  fine  bronze  statue  of  Franklin,  erected  in  1856,  from  a pop- 
ular contribution  of  $20,000,  and  dedicated  by  R.  C.  Winlhrop.  The 
verd-antique  marble  base  has  four  interesting  bronze  reliefs  : on  the 
south,  the  boy  Franklin  learning  to  print  ; east,  signing  the  Declaration 
of  Independence  ; north,  drawing  electricity  from  the  clouds  ; and  west, 
signing  the  Treaty  of  Paris,  in  1782,  ensuring  American  independence. 
Farther  down  School  St.,  No.  19  was  the  site  of  the  Cromwell’s-Head 
Tavern,  where  Lieut. -Col.  George  Washington  dwelt,  in  1756;  and  just 
beyond,  on  Washington  St.,  is  the  Old  Corner  Book-Store.  On  the  site 
of  28  School  St.  stood  the  French  Huguenot  church,  from  1714  to 
1748  ; the  first  Catholic  church,  from  1788  to  1802  ; and  the  Universalist 
church  (built  in  1817),  where  Ballou  and  Chapin  were  pastors. 

Nearly  opposite  King’s  Chapel  begins  the  sacred  Beacon  St.;  and  on 
its  northern  corner  stands  the  lofty  Albion  building,  partly  occupied  by 
Houghton  & Dutton’s  Bazar.  On  the  southern  corner  stood  the  famous 
Tremont  House,  from  1828  to  1894,  entertaining  as  guests  Presidents 
Jackson  and  Johnson,  Henry  Clay.  Thackeray,  Dickens,  the  Prince  of 
Wales,  Jenny  Lind,  and  other  notables.  It  had  a long  and  sombre 
granite  front,  with  a heavy  Doric  portico,  and,  as  Dickens  wrote,  “ more 
galleries,  colonnades,  piazzas  and  passages  than  I can  remember.”  It 
was  pulled  down  in  1894,  to  be  replaced  by  a huge  office-building. 

Tremont  Temple,  on  Tremont  St.,  alongside  the  Parker  House,  has 
long  been  the  headquarters  of  the  Baptists  of  New  England.  It  occu- 
pies the  site  of  the  Tremont  Theatre,  which  ran  from  1827  to  1843, 
saw  the  triumphs  of  Murdoch,  Vandenhoff,  Sheridan  Knowles,  John 
Gilbert,  Fanny  Kemble,  Charlotte  Cushman  (her  debuf)^  Ellen  Tree  and 
Fanny  Ellsler,  The  Baptists  bought  it  in  1843,  remodelled  it  for  free 
services.  It  was  burnt  in  1852,  1879,  often  rebuilt.  The 

present  temple  cost  $500,000  ; and  has  a front  largely  of  colored  marble 
patterns  in  the  Venetian  manner,  a superb  basilica-like  audience-hall,  an 
unusually  beautiful  organ,  and  (on  the  upper  floors)  the  headquarters  of 
several  Baptist  societies.  The  Temple  Church  is  known  as  “The 
Strangers’  Sabbath  Home,”  and  has  a very  large  and  enthusiastic  mem- 
bership and  a famous  choir.  Dr.  Geo.  C.  Lorimer  is  the  pastor.  The 
elegant  white-granite  building  beyond,  with  Milmore’s  statues  of  Flora 
(north),  Ceres  and  Pomona,  was  built  in  1864  by  the  Mass.  Horticultural 
Society,  founded  in  1829;  and  contains  its  library  of  16,000  volum.es, 
many  interesting  portraits,  and  two  halls,  famous  for  their  superb  exhibi- 
tions of  roses,  rhododendrons,  chrysanthemums,  and  other  flowers,  and 
fruits.  Across  Bromfield  St.  is  the  Studio  Building,  with  the  studios  of 
Copeland,  Gaugengigl,  Griggs,  Lansil,  Ordway,  Shapleigh,  and  other 
artists.  At  36-38  Bromfield  St.  is  the  Wesleyan  Building,  erected  in 


RETAIL  DISTRICT,  NORTHERN  PORTION.  91 


9 2 Khig^s  How  to  See  Boston.^"' 

1870,  and  a notable  Methodist  headquarters,  with  the  office  of  Zion^s 
Herald ; and  next  to  it  is  the  Bromfield-St.  Methodist  Church,  founded 
in  1806.  The  rooms  of  the  Boston  Camera  Club,  including  many  famous 
amateurs,  are  at  50  Bromfield  St. ; and  those  of  the  Boston  Press  Club,  at 
12  Bosworth  St. 

The  Granary  Burial-Ground  has  more  distinguished  inmates  than  any 
other,  including  Govs.  Bellingham,  Dummer,  Hancock,  Sam.  Adams, 
Bowdoin,  Sullivan,  Sumner  and  Gore  ; three  signers  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence,  including  Robert  Treat  Paine  ; Peter  Faneuil,  Paul 
Revere,  Jeremy  Belknap,  Uriah  Cotting,  Chief-justice  Sewall,  Mint- 
master  Hull,  Mayor  Phillips,  the  Huguenot  colony,  and  the  victims  of 
the  Boston  Massacre.  Franklin’s  parents  have  the  most  conspicuous  mon- 
ument, erected  in  1827  by  citizens  to  replace  one  put  up  by  the  philoso- 
pher himself.  This  peaceful  burial-ground  was  founded  in  1660  ; and 
received  its  trees  in  1830  ; the  high  iron  fence  and  ivy-clad  granite  portal 
in  1840;  and  the  memorial  bronze  tablets  in  1882.  A State  monument 
to  John  Hancock  is  to  be  erected  here  soon.  The  glorious  English  elms 
set  out  in  front  of  the  burial-ground  by  Maj.  Paddock,  in  1762,  were 
furtively  cut  down  by  our  municipality  in  1873. 

The  Granary,  the  largest  building  in  Boston,  was  maintained  by  the 
town  during  most  of  the  last  century,  holding  12,000  bushels  of  grain  in 
reserve,  to  be  sold  at  cost  to  the  poor  in  time  of  famine.  It  stood  on  the 
place  of  the  Park-St.  Church,  a plain  old-fashioned  meeting-house  with  a 
really  fine  spire,  built  by  an  English  architect  in  1809.  The  intense 
orthodoxy  here  preached  won  for  the  locality  the  name  of  Brimstone 
Corner  ; and  the  great  choir  had  a wide  renown. 

Music  Hall,  built  in  1852,  at  the  end  of  Hamilton  Place,  opposite 
Park-St.  Church  (with  main  entrance  from  Winter  St.),  is  the  centre  of 
musical  culture,  and  the  home  of  the  world-renowned  Boston  Symphony 
Orchestra,  the  Handel  and  Hayden  Society’s  oratorios,  and  the  concerts 
of  the  Apollo,  Cecilia,  and  other  organizations.  It  is  a large,  lofty, 
simply  adorned  hall,  admirable  as  to  acoustics,  and  with  2,600  seats.  The 
great  organ  of  5,474  pipes  was  in  1885  removed  to  the  New-England 
Conservatory  of  Music  ; and  near  its  place  now  stands  Crawford’s  grand 
bronze  statue  of  Beethoven.  In  this  hall  the  churches  ministered  to  by 
Theodore  Parker,  W.  R.  Alger,  and  W.  PI.  H.  Murray,  held  their  ser- 
vices. In  summer  evenings  popular  promenade  concerts,  known  as  the 
“ Pops,”  are  held  here. 

Park  Street  leads  up  from  the  church  alongside  the  Common  to  the 
State  House.  It  formerly  contained  the  Bridewell  (built  in  1712),  the 
Workhouse  for  “rogues  and  vagabonds ” (1738),  and  the  Town  Pound. 
Later,  it  was  lined  with  patrician  homes,  now  converted  into  stores, 
offices  and  club-rooms.  At  2 Park  St.  Doll  & Richards  occupy  a lofty 
and  spacious  building  containing  very  interesting  collections  of  engrav- 
ings, etchings,  photographs,  sculpture  and  other  art-works,  and  a multitude 
of  fine  paintings.  This  is  in  fact  an  art  gallery  which  is  of  much 


DOLL  db  RICHARDS,  FINE  PAINTINGS  AND  ENGRAVINGS. 

NO.  2 PARK  ST,  , BETWEEN  TREMONT  AND  BEACON  STREETS.  93 


94 


King's  Hotv  to  See  Boston." 


interest  to  all  visitors.  In  the  Quincy  mansion  (No.  4)  are  the  offices  of 
Houghton,  Mifflin  & Co.,  publishers  of  the  works  of  the  most  remarkable 
group  of  eminent  American  authors,  and  of  the  Atlantic  Monthly  ; and 
next  door  are  the  rooms  of  the  New-England  Woman’s  Club  and  the 
Woman’s  Journal.  At  8 Park  St.,  the  old  Abbott-Lawrence  mansion,  is 
the  Union  Club,  founded  in  1863,  to  advance  the  cause  of  the  imperilled 
American  Republic,  and  presided  over  successively  by  Everett,  Loring, 
Dana,  Lee,  Shaw,  Russell,  and  Lowell  ; Sumner,  Andrew,  Hoar,  Rice, 
Gray  and  other  patriots  holding  many  councils  here.  It  is  now  an  aristo- 
cratic social  club,  with  about  500  members,  mostly  professional  men  no 
longer  young.  Next  above  is  the  former  home  of  Gov.  Gore,  artist  Mal- 
bone,  Secretary-of-War  Dexter,  and  George  Ticknor  (from  1830  to  1871), 
the  illustrious  scholar.  Here  Lafayette  dwelt  for  a week,  in  1824.  The 
Appalachian  Mountain  Club,  with  i,ckx)  members,  has  its  rooms  here. 

Boston  Common,  the  most  famous  of  American  parks,  historically,  is 
a noble  expanse  of  48  undulating  acres  of  green  turf  and  tall  forest  trees, 
in  the  very  heart  of  the  Puritan  City.  It  was  set  apart  in  the  very  begin- 
ning, when  a boulder-strewn  and  treeless  expanse  of  huckleberry  bushes, 
“for  a trayning  field  and  the  feeding  of  cattell  and  penalties  awaited 
all  who  spread  stones,  trash  or  carrion  thereupon.  The  lowing  kine  were 
excluded  in  1830,  but  the  armed  train-bands  still  march  upon  the  parade- 
ground.  Grand  armies  have  been  reviewed  here  ; Lord  Amherst’s  bri- 
gades of  Marlborough’s  British  veterans,  Baron  de  Viomenil’s  shining 
army  of  Rochambeau’s  French  troops,  Washington’s  columns  of  victori- 
ous American  infantry,  and  countless  regiments  on  the  way  to  the  War  for 
the  Unign,  and  militia  commands  of  later  days.  There  were  only  three 
trees  here  in  colonial  times,  but  the  great  Mall  on  Tremont  St.  was 
planted  in  1722-34,  the  Beacon-St.  Mall  in  1815-16,  that  on  Charles  St. 
in  1823,  and  that  on  Park  St.  in  1826.  Most  of  the  trees  were  cut  down 
in  1775-76,  for  fuel  by  the  British  garrison,  whose  camps  and  redoubts 
covered  the  Common  ; and  on  the  day  of  their  departure  they  set  about 
to  destroy  those  remaining,  but  were  prevented  by  Gen.  Howe.  Military 
executions,  duels,  revivals  by  Whitefield  and  Lee,  hangings  of  Quakers 
and  insurgent  Indians,  marquee  banquets,  drum-head  elections,  and  many 
other  picturesque  incidents  have  invested  this  venerable  public  domain 
wnth  profound  interest.  The  Ridge  Path  (so-called  for  a century),  paved 
with  asphalt  blocks,  and  overarched  by  trees,  leads  from  West  St.  to  the 
Providence  station,  and  is  the  busiest  thoroughfare  of  the  Common. 
The  Long  Path,  a narrow  track  from  Joy  St.  to  Boylston  St.,  is  immortal- 
ized in  Dr.  Holmes’s  Autocrat  of  the  Breakfast  Table.  It  passes  the  Frog 
Pond,  and  the  enrailed  site  of  the  Great  Elm,  older  than  Boston,  which 
was  blown  down  in  1876.  In  the  burying-ground  (opened  in  1757),  hun- 
dreds of  British  soldiers  lie,  in  long  trenches  and  also  the  remains  of 
the  artist  Stuart  and  many  others.  Near  Tremont  St.  is  the  Crispus  At- 
tacks Monument,  erected  in  1888,  to  the  \dctims  of  the  Boston  Massacre 
of  1770,  bearing  an  energetic  bronze  statue  of  Revolution  breaking  the 


BOSTON  COMMON. 

TREMONT,  PARK,  BEACON,  CHARLES  AND  BOYLSTON  STREETS. 


95 


THI:  Wr?iTKR, 


(iAHDNER  FOUNTAtN 


,Cil}Sf><JS  ATTUCKS  ,nONi;.ni:Sr 


BOSTON  COMMON. 

TREMONT,  PARK,  BEACON,  CHARLES  AND  BOYLSTON  STREETS. 


97 


King's  Ho'w  to  See  Boston^ 

chains  of  tyranny.  Above  appear  the  names  of  the  slain  ; below,  a bas- 
relief  showing  the  scene  of  the  affray.  Near  Park  St.  is  the  arid  Brewer 
Fountain,  whose  statues  of  Neptune,  Amphitrite,  Acis  and  Galatea  are 
popularly  supposed  to  represent  the  Four  Seasons  (“of  perpetual 
drought,”  Howells  says).  Near  the  State  House  is  the  monument  (still  in 
process  of  construction)  designed  by  St.  Gaudens  to  commemorate  the 
valor  of  Col.  Robert  G.  Shaw,  slain  in  storming  Fort  Wagner,  S.  C.,  and 
“buried  with  his  niggers.”  On  Flagstaff  Hill,  over  the  parade,  rises  the 
Army  and  Navy  Monument,  erected  in  1871-77,  from  Martin  Milmore’s 
design,  at  a cost  of  $75,000.  It  is  a lofty  white-granite  Roman  Doric 
column,  bearing  a colossal  statue  of  the  Genius  of  America,  facing  the 
south,  the  American  flag  in  one  hand,  and  in  the  other  laurel  wreaths  and 
a drawn  sword.  At  the  base  are  high-relief  statues  of  the  North,  South, 
East  and  West ; below  these,  on  projecting  pedestals,  bronze  statues  of 
Peace,  the  Sailor  (a  capital  work),  the  Muse  of  History  and  the  Soldier. 
The  great  bronze  reliefs  are  : The  Departure  for  the  War,  showing 

Lowell,  Shaw,  Butler,  Andrew,  Phillips,  Longfellow,  Vinton,  Phillips 
Brooks  and  others  ; the  Sanitary  Commission,  with  E.  E.  Hale,  J.  R. 
Lowell,  Rice,  Ticknor,  and  Wilder  ; The  Return  from  the  War,  with 
Andrew,  Bartlett,  Banks,  Devens,  Claflin  and  Sumner ; and  the  Departure 
of  the  Sailors  and  a naval  battle.  The  inscription,  by  President  Eliot  of 
Harvard,  is  : 

To  THE  Men  of  Boston  who  died  for  their  Country  on  land 

AND  SEA  IN  THE  WAR  WHICH  KEPT  THE  UNION  WHOLE,  DESTROYED 
SLAVE^RY,  AND  MAINTAINED  THE  CONSTITUTION,  THE  GRATEFUL  CiTY 
HAS  BUILT  THIS  MONUMENT  THAT  THEIR  EXAMPLE  MAY  SPEAK  TO 
COMING  GENERATIONS. 

In  the  old  days,  the  tides  of  the  Back  Bay  flowed  along  the  western 
side  of  the  Common,  from  which  there  was  a charming  sunset  view  across 
the  water  to  “the  country  shore”  of  Brookline.  The  telescope  man 
(Dr.  Holmes’s  “Galileo  of  the  Mall”)  and  many  itinerant  musicians, 
peddlers  and  fakirs  haunt  the  edges  of  the  Common  ; youths  play  ball  on 
the  Parade  ; pensive  poets  and  tramps  and  tired  shoppers  and  rustics  rest 
upon  the  benches  ; nurse-maicfs  and  watery  dogs  haunt  the  Frog  Pond  ; 
and  on  summer  evenings  thousands  of  people  assemble  here  at  the  fine 
band-concerts. 

Returning  from  this  divagation,  to  Tremont  and  Park  Sts.,  let  us  recall 
that,  in  1800,  the  east  side  of  Tremont  St.,  from  Scollay  Square  to  Boylston 
St.,  had  only  twenty  scattered  houses,  mostly  wooden  dwellings,  with 
trees  and  rambling  outbuildings. 

Winter  St.  is  a short  and  narrow  way,  leading  to  Washington  St., 
crowded  with  bright  retail  stores,  — dry  goods,  trimmings,  jewelry  stores, 
etc., — hence  also  crowded  with  ladies  anxiously  shopping.  The  greatest 
attraction  in  Winter  St.  is  the  extensive  establishment  of  Shepard,  Nor- 
well  & Co.,  26  to  42,  one  of  the  largest,  best  stocked  and  most  satisfac- 


SHEPARD,  NORWELL  & CO.'S  DRY  GOODS  ESTABLISHMENT. 

WINTER  STREET,  SOUTH  SIDE,  EXTENDING  THROUGH  TO  TEMPLE  PLACE,  BETWEEN  WASHINGTON  AND  TREMONT  STREETS. 


99 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.’''' 

tory  of  Boston’s  dry-goods  houses,  including  many  varied  departments. 
It  extends  through  the  block  to  Temple  Place.  On  the  north  side  of 
Winter  St.  is  the  entrance  to  Music  Hall.  In  Winter  Place  is  the 
Winter-Place  Hotel,  which  succeeded  Ober’s  French  Restaurant.  It  is 
an  exceptionally  attractive  restaurant,  saloon  and  cafe,  — the  most  costly 
and  showy  in  the  city.  At  Winter  St.  and  Winter  Place  is  the  site  of 
Sam.  Adams’s  home. 

On  Tremont  St.,  between  Winter  St.  and  Temple  Place,  rises  the  gray 
Virginia  sandstone  portico  of  St.  Paul’s  Church  (Episcopal),  built  in  1820, 
to  be  a model  of  ancient  classic  art,  and  with  the  intent  of  having  carv- 
ings representing  St.  Paul  and  Agrippa  in  the  pediment.  The  simple  and 
beautiful  interior  has  a panelled  cylindrical  ceiling,  a rich  chancel  window 
showing  St.  Paul  at  Athens,  several  mural  tablets,  the  pew  of  Daniel 
Webster  (No.  25),  and,  underneath,  many  tombs,  now  no  longer  in  use. 

At  Tremont  St.  and  Temple  Place,  next  St.  Paul’s,  is  the  dark  granite 
building  erected  in  1830-32  for  a Masonic  Temple,  and  later  the  seat  of 
the  school  kept  by  A.  B.  Alcott  and  Margaret  Fuller,  and  of  perform- 
ances by  Fanny  Kemble  and  Ole  Bull.  From  1858  to  1885  it  belonged 
to  the  United-States  Government,  and  was  the  seat  of  the  Federal  courts. 
Skilful  engineers  then  lifted  it  high  into  the  air,  and  put  under  it  two  tall 
stories  of  iron  pillars  and  glass  windows  ; and  the  whole  structure,  very 
decidedly  remodelled,  has  since  been  occupied  by  th^  fashionable  and 
popular  dry-goods  establishment  of  R.  H.  Stearns  & Co. 

Temple  Place,  one  block  long,  from  Tremont  to  Washington  St., 
abounding  in  street-cars,  is  made  bright  by  the  ladies  shopping.  Here 
stands  the  Provident  Institution  for  Savings,  the  oldest  savings-bank  in 
America,  founded  in  1816,  and  holding  nearly  $30,000,000  on  deposit. 
Emerson’s,  at  35  Temple  Place,  was  founded  in  1842  by  D.  R.  Emerson, 
and  has  a very  large  .retail  trade  in  rich  laces,  trimmings,  buttons,  and 
other  small  wares,  in  amazing  variety.  T.  D.  Whitney  & Co.,  at  39  Tem- 
ple Place,  have  one  of  the  finest  linen  stores  in  the  United  States,  whence 
the  households  and  wardrobes  of  thousands  of  well-to-do  families  are  sup- 
plied. The  Whitney  linen  store  has  a fame  far  beyond  the  limits  of  Bos- 
ton, and  from  many  miles  around  the  city  come  its  patrons. 

Beyond  Temple  Place,  Tremont  St.  affords  a picturesquely  brilliant 
scene,  with  handsome  stores  on  one  side,  and  the  abundant  foliage  of  the 
Common  on  the  other.  The  sidewalk  is  broad,  and  pleasantly  accommo- 
dates the  crowds  of  promenaders,  from  Harrison-avenue  Chinamen  and 
North-End  dagoes  up  to  learned  Puritan  scholars  or  violet-bearing  Sym- 
phony girls.  This  thoroughfare,  with  attractive  shops  on  one  side  and 
umbrageous  gardens  on  the  other,  leading  up  to  a hill  crowned  by  a famous 
public  building,  has  been  likened  to  the  ever-charming  Princes  St.  in 
Edinburgh.  Dickens  said;  “ My  old  likeness  of  Boston  to  Edinburgh 
has  been  constantly  revived.  ” 

West  St.  once  had  the  pillory  and  whipping-post  at  its  head.  At  No. 
30  is  the  Universalist  Publishing  House  and  headquarters,  and  the  office 


lOI 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.'’' 

of  The  Christian  Leader.  Here  are  the  main  offices  of  the  Boston  and 
Bay-State  Gas-Light  Companies,  and  various  candy  and  other  retail  stores. 

Tremont  St.,  towards  Boylston,  for  some  years  has  been  called 
Piano  Row,  for  a long  row  of  piano  agencies  occupied  a good  portion 
of  the  block  ; but  of  late  most  of  these  have  migrated  to  Boylston 
St.  Chickering  Plall,  at  152  Tremont  St.,  was  for  many  years  a favorite 
place  for  fashionable  musicales,  and  the  headquarters  of  the  musical  pro- 
fession. Opposite  the  departing  “Piano  Row  ” stands  the  tumultuous 
Massacre  (or  Crispus  Attacks)  Monument,  on  the  Common. 

The  Tremont  Theatre,  at  176  Tremont  St.,  dates  from  1889,  and  is 
one  of  the  most  beautiful  and  fashionable  play-houses  in  Boston,  cele- 
brated for  its  Renaissance  decorations,  delicate  colorings,  and  other  charm- 
ing details.  It  occupies  the  site  of  the  Haymarket  Theatre,  opened  in 
1796. 

The  Masonic  Temple,  fronting  on  the  Common,  at  Tremont  and 
Boylston  Sts.,  is  a noble  granite  building,  seven  stories  high,  and  85 
feet  front,  with  a tower  121  feet  high.  The  pillars  of  rare  marble, 
Jachin  and  Boaz,  adorn  the  sides  of  the  entrance.  All  above  the  ground- 
floor  is  occupied  by  Masonic  organizations  ; and  the  Corinthian,  Egyptian 
and  Gothic  halls  are  very  attractive.  The  Temple  was  founded  in  1864, 
and  dedicated  on  St.  John’s  day,  1867,  with  an  immense  Masonic  street 
parade,  in  which  President  Andrew  Johnson  appeared.  Here  meet  the 
Grand  Lodge  of  Massachusetts,  the  Grand  Royal  Arch  Chapter,  the 
Grand  Council  Royal  and  Select  Masters,  the  Grand  Commandery  of 
Knights  Templar,  and  about  30  lodges,  besides  the  lodges  of  the  Ancient 
and  Accepted  Scottish  Rite.  The  first  American  Masonic  lodge  was  or- 
ganized in  Boston,  in  1733  ; St.  Andrew’s  Lodge,  for  many  decades  the 
owner  of  the  Green-Dragon  Tavern,  or  Freemason’s  Arms,  was  chartered 
by  the  Grand  Lodge  of  Scotland  in  1756;  and  later  this  and  certain 
lodges  in  the  British  regiments  formed  the  first  grand  lodge,  of  which 
Gen.  Warren  and  Paul  Revere  became  Grand  Masters.  The  temple  is  in- 
tended “ to  suggest  the  most  effective  poetical  and  historical  associations 
connected  with  the  Masonic  institution.” 

Where  Tremo'nt  St.  leaves  the  Common,  to  meander  away  into  the 
remote  South  End,  Boylston  St.  turns  to  the  right  toward  the  sumptuous 
Back-Bay  District,  and  to  the  left  to  the  crowded  Washington  St.  On 
one  corner  is  the  Hotel  Pelham,  a huge  apartment  and  office  house  ; and 
another,  the  Hotel  Boylston,  an  office-building  belonging  to  the  Adams 
estate,  on  the  site  of  the  home  of  President  J.  Q.  Adams  and  the  birth 
place  of  C.  F.  Adams,  Sr. 

The  Young  Men’s  Christian  Union  has  a handsome  and  spacious 
Gothic  building  of  Ohio  sandstone  (all  paid  for),  with  a clock-tower,  at 
48  Boylston  St.  ; and  welcomes  strangers  to  its  pleasant  parlors,  halls, 
reading  and  correspondence  rooms,  and  other  departments,  open  every 
day  and  evening.  The  Union  dates  from  1851,  and  is  a great  philan- 
thropic agency,  with  5,000  members,  classes,  games,  baths,  an  immense 


THE  MASONIC  TEMPLE. 

102  TREMONT  STREET,  NORTHEAST  CORNER  OF  BOYLSTON  STREET,  OPPOSITE  THE  COMMON. 


MAtONIO  TEMPLE.  BOYLSTON  STREET.  YOUNG  MEN'S  CHRISTIAN  UNION.  HOTEL  BOYUTON. 

YOUNG  MEN’S  CHRISTIAN  UNION. 

NO.  48  BOYLSTON  STREET,  BETWEEN  TREMONT  AND  WASHINGTON  STREETS. 


103 


104 


s " iiLo-w  10  c>ee  jooswn.' 


gymnasium,  employment  agency,  and  library.  Its  great  usefulness  is 
mainly  due  to  the  eminently  practical  president,  ^Yilliam  H.  Baldwin,  who 
has  energetically  devoted  the  better  part  of  a lifetime  to  its  welfare.  The 
Hotel  Reynolds,  at  Boylston  and  Washington  Sts.,  with  250  rooms,  has 
in  its  public  halls  rich  flower-paintings  by  Abbott  Graves. 

The  light  sandstone  Continental  Building,  at  Boylston  and  Washington 
Sts.,  covers  the  site  of  the  Boylston  Market,  which  stood  from  1809  to 
1888.  It  is  an  office-building,  with  a clothing-store  on  the  ground  floor, 
and  the  general  offices  and  supply  headquarters  of  Bouve,  Crawford  & 
Co.,  the  makers  of  the  “Crawford  Shoe,”  on  the  second  story. 

Opposite  the  foot  of  Boylston  St.,  high  up  on  630  Washington  St.,  is 
a tablet  carved  with  a tree,  showing  where  the  Liberty  Tree  stood,  and 
the  Sons  of  Liberty  held  their  fiery  meetings  before  the  Revolution,  and 
hung  effigies  of  British  nobles.  Close  to  the  Liberty-Tree  block,  at 
658  Washington  St.,  is  the  huge  and  handsome  Pray  Building,  built  and 
owned  by  John  H.  Pray,  Sons  & Co.,  a business  founded  in  1817,  and 
transacting  one  of  the  most  extensive  trades  in  the  world,  in  all  varieties 
of  carpets,  mattings,  rugs,  and  upholsteries.  On  the  upper  floors  of  this 
building  are  the  executive  offices  of  the  General  Society  of  Christian 
Endeavor,  whose  hosts,  numbering,  it  is.  said,  upwards  of  75,ocxd,  will 
convene  in  Boston  in  July,  1895.  Here,  too,  are  the  offices  of  T/ie  Golde7t 
Rule,  a family  weekly,  the  Prang  Educational  Co.  and  L.  Prang  & Co., 
the  world-famous  art-publishers. 

Essex  St.  curves  away  to  the  harbor,  passing,  a block  east,  the 
Chinese  quarter,  which  extends  along  Harrison  Avenue  from  Essex  to 
Kneeland  Sts.  The  Harrison- Avenue  extension  in  1882  destroyed  the 
home  of  Wendell  Phillips,  on  the  north  side  of  Essex  St.  ; and  that  of 
Theodore  Parker,  at  Exeter  Place. 

At  Washington  and  Essex  Sts.  is  the  office  of  The  Pilot,  a strong 
Catholic  newspaper,  founded  in  1838. 

Washington  St.,  narrow,  winding  and  picturesque,  has  been  called 
the  most  crowded  thoroughfare  in  the  world.  Its  sharp  curves,  termi- 
nated by  quaint  or  handsome  buildings,  produce  startling  architectural 
effects  ; its  narrow  sidewalks  are  trod  by  jostling  thousands  ; and  its  road- 
way is  a close  jam  of  vehicles.  The  block  between  Boylston  and  West 
Sts.  is  the  Theatre  District,  affording  a brilliant  and  inspiring  scene  at 
evening  and  matinee  hours.  The  Park  Theatre  is  a handsome  house, 
built  for  H.  E.  Abbey  in  1879,  leased  by  John  Stetson.  Oppo- 

site stood  until  it  was  burned  (in  1894)  the  Globe  Theatre,  founded  in 
1867,  where  Neilson,  Bernhardt,  Duse,  and  Salvini  played.  B.  F.  Keith’s 
New  Theatre,  opened  in  1882,  on  the  site  of  the  Lion  Theatre  of  1836, 
and  quite  recently  rebuilt,  is  said  to  be  the  handsomest  small  theatre  in 
the  world.  It  gives  genteel  continuous  vaudeville  and  varieties  from  10 
A.  M.  to  10  P.  M.,  at  low  prices. 

The  Boston  Theatre,  built  in  1854,  is  one  of  the  largest  and  best  in 
America,  with  seats  for  3,000,  an  enormous  stage,  and  handsome  lobbies. 


BOUVE^  CRAWFORD  & CO.,  CORPORATION.  - “ THE  CRAWFORD  SHOE.'» 

BOYLSTON  BUILDING,  WASHINGTON  STREET,  SOUTHWEST  CORNER  OF  BOYLSTON  STREET. 


105 


106 


RETAIL  DISTRICT,  SOUTHERN  PORTION. 


io8 


Khig's  Hotv  to  See  Boston,'^'' 

It  is  especially  adapted  to  grand  opera  and  spectacular  pieces ; and  has 
witnessed  the  best  work  of  Booth  and  Owens,  Forrest  and  Fechter,  Jeffer- 
son and  McCullough,  Ristori  and  Salvini,  Janauschek  and  Sothern,  Irving 
and  Terry,  besides  the  state  balls  given  to  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  the 
Grand  Duke  Alexis.  The  Elks’  building  is  at  24  Hayward  Place. 

In  the  midst  of  these  theatres  are  the  lofty,  triple-towered  marble 
walls  of  the  Adams  Flouse,  a European-plan  hotel  of  400  apartments, 
with  a noble  public  dining-hall  and  singularly  attractive  dining  and  writ- 
ing rooms.  It  occupies  the  site  of  the  ancient  Lamb  Tavern,  opened  in 
1745  ; and  bears  the  name  of  a former  proprietor,  the  father  of  “Oliver 
Optic.”  By  its  side  is  Clark’s  Hotel,  a popular  resort  for  men. 

In  every  direction  appear  well-known  firm-names,  from  whose  shops 
myriads  of  shoppers  from  all  New  England  replenish  their  worn-out 
clothing  and  jewelry,  books  and  music,  and  a thousand  other  articles. 
It  forms  a lively  and  pleasing  scene,  extending  over  the  short  streets 
leading  westward  to  the  trees  of  the  Common,  and  those  toward  the 
wholesale  district,  “stretching  saltwards  to  the  docks.”  Note  the  long- 
established  jewelry-store  of  Bigelow,  Kennard  & Co.,  at  Washington  St., 
southwest  corner  of  West  St.,  with  its  extensive  and  varied  artistic  treas- 
ures of  jewelry,  silverware,  plated  ware,  precious  stones,  watches,  bronzes, 
etc.  The  house  dates  back  many  years,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  and 
most  highly  esteemed  firms  in  Boston. 

On  Washington  St.,  at  the  southeast  corner  of  Bedford,  is  the  enor- 
mous, flamboyant  Gothic  structure  of  R.  H.  White  & Co.,  the  largest  and 
grandest  retail  establishment  in  New  England. 

Among  the  most  fascinating  of  the  stores  on  Washington  St.  is  the 
great  toy  emporium  of  Richard  Schwarz,  at  484  and  486,  by  far  the  largest 
concern  of  its  kind  in  the  city.  Everything  desirable  in  imported  or 
domestic  toys,  games  and  fancy  goods,  from  the  tiniest  to  the  biggest, 
from  the  lowest-priced  to  the  most  costly,  is  shown  here  in  endless 
variety.  At  Temple  Place  is  the  dry-goods  house  of  Houston  & Hen- 
derson. 

At  the  corner  of  Washington  and  Avon  Sts.  is  the  immense  Palladian 
building  of  Jordan,  Marsh  & Co.,  which  easily  ranks  equal  to  the  greatest 
bazaars  of  the  world.  At  451  and  453  Washington  St.  is  the  renowned 
music-publishing  house  of  the  Oliver  Ditson  Company. 

On  Summer  St.,  east  of  Washington  St.,  is  the  massive  granite  build- 
ing, wLich  is  part  of  the  group  occupied  by  the  substantial  and  esteemed 
dry-goods  establishment  of  C.  F.  Hovey  & Co. 

At  398  and  400  are  the  Macullar,  Parker  & Company’s  buildings, 
where,  in  light  and  airy  rooms,  600  liberally  paid  and  generously  treated 
employees  make  upon  honor  the  finest  clothing  possible,  all  of  which  is 
sold  at  retail  on  the  main  floor.  At  403  are  the  offices  of  the  American 
Waltham  Watch  Company,  whose  vast  works  at  Waltham  employ  2,000 
skilled  artisans.  At  81  Hawley  St.,  is  the  wholesale  piece  goods  depart- 
ment of  Macullar,  Parker  & Co. 


THEATRE  DISTRICT:  WASHINGTON  STREET,  BETWEEN  WEST  AND  BOYLSTON  STREETS. 

VIEW  LOOKING  SOUTHWARD  FROM  WEST  STREET. 


BIGELOW,  KENNARD  & CO.,  JEWELERS  AND  SILVERSMITHS. 

WASHINGTON  STREET,  SOUTHWEST  CORNER  OF  WEST  STREET. 


RICHARD  SCHWARZ,  IMPORTER,  JOBBER  AND  RETAILER  OF  TOYS. 

NOS.  484  AND  486  WASHINGTON  STREET,  BETWEEN  BEDFORD  AND  AVON  STREETS. 


I 12 


A’ i fig's  Hozv  to  See  Boston." 

On  Franklin  St.,  at  the  southwest  corner  of  Hawley  St.,  just  one 
block  east  of  Washington  St.,  is  the  Boston  Daily  Standard,  a paper 
started  in  1895,  absolutely  positive  American  ideas.  It  is  a bright 
home  newspaper,  giving  ail  the  important  news  and  eliminating  the  de- 
tails of  crimes  and  immoralities.  It  has  quite  a strong  support  through 
this  section  of  the  country,  and  bids  fair  to  make  a permanent  success. 

The  first  newspaper  in  America,  Publick  Occurrences,  appeared  in 
Boston  in  1690,  and  was  forthwith  suppressed  by  the  General  Court. 
The  next,  and  the  first  permanent  paper  in  America,  was  The  Boston 
Neijus- Letter,  published  weekly  from  1704  to  1776. 

At  381,  immediately  opposite  the  head  of  Franklin  St.,  is  the  aristo- 
cratic and  extensive  Collins  & Fairbanks  establishment,  noted  for  its  rich 
display  of  fashionable  hats  and  caps,  canes  and  umbrellas,  a large  por- 
tion of  the  stock  being  made  or  imported  exclusively  for  this  firm. 
At  365  is  the  Archway  book-store  of  DeWolfe,  Fiske  & Co.,  with  an 
extensive  stock  of  popular  books.  At  374,  just  north  of  Franklin  St., 


SwrFOU  SAVINSS  BANK. 

TREMONT  STREET,  WEST  SIDE,  NORTH  FROM  SCHOOL  STREET. 


B3ST:N  MUSE.JM. 


MAUULLAR,  PARKER  & COMPANY,  CLOTHING  AND  FURNISHING  GOODS. 

NOS.  398  AND  400  WASHINGTON  STREET,  BETWEEN  FRANKLIN  AND  SUMMER  STREETS. 


113 


THE  BOSTON  DAILY  STANDARD. 

FRANKLIN  ST.,  SOUTHWEST  CORNER  OF  HAWLEY  ST.,  ONE  BLOCK  EAST  OF  WASHINGTON  ST. 


115 


TREMONT  STREET,  EAST  SIDE,  NORTH  FROM  KING’S  CHAPEL. 


are  retailed  at  this  store,  and  which  are  also  sold  to  wholesalers  and 
jobbers  throughout  the  whole  country.  At  338,  midway  between  Frank- 
in  and  Milk  Sts.,  are  the  exhibition  and  sale  rooms  of  the  Soule 
Photograph  Co.,  where  may  be  obtained,  mounted  and  unmounted 
photographs  of  many  thousand  subjects,  this  being  probably  the  largest 
collection  of  its  class  to  be  found  on  the  continent.  Back  of  the  rows  of 
buildings  on  Washington  St.  may  be  seen  the  top  of  one  of  Boston’s  pecu- 
liar hotels,  known  as  Clark’s  Boston  Tavern,  patronized  solely  by  men. 
It  is  a ten-story  building,  of  fire-proof  construction,  and  has  a first-class 
restaurant,  and  comfortable  accommodations.  It  occupies  a part  of  the 
site  of  the  old  Province  House,  which  stood  from  1667  to  1864,  and  which 
in  1715  became  the  State  residence  of  the  vice-regal  governors.  It  was 
finally  burned,  but  its  walls  remain  in  other  structures  on  the  same  site. 

At  the  corner  of  Washington  and  Milk  Sts.  is  the  granite  building  of 
the  Boston  Transcript^  the  favorite  family  tea-table  paper,  always  refined 
and  literary  in  tone.  It  is  staunchly  Republican,  and  was  founded  in 
1830.  At  17  Milk  St.,  just  below  the  Transcript  Building,  is  the  birth- 


116  King's  How  to  See  Boston." 

and  directly  opposite  Bromfield  St,  is  the  old  and  trustworthy  house  of 
Dame,  Stoddard  & Kendall,  founded  in  1800,  and  importing  very  largely 
from  Europe,  carrying  an  unsurpassed  stock  of  cutlery,  fine  hardware, 
fishing  tackle,  leather  goods,  athletic  goods,  and  kindred  wares,  which 


COLLINS  & FAIRBANKS,  HATTERS. 

NO.  381  WASHINGTON  STREET,  IMMEDIATELY  OPPOSITE  FRANKLIN  STREET. 


uMmt,  £,IUUUAKU  & KtNDALL,  CUTLERY,  AQUATIC  AND  ATHLETIC  GOODS 

118  NO.  374  WASHINGTON  STREET,  NEAR  FRANKLIN  STREET,  AND  OPPOSITE  BROMFIELD  STREET. 


SOULE  PHOTOGRAPH  CO.,  PHOTOGRAPHERS  AND  PUBLISHERS. 

NO.  338  WASHINGTON.  BETWEFN  F3ANKL1N  AND  MILK  STREETS. 


119 


120 


King's  ‘ ‘ How  to  See 


Boston.'' 

place  of  Franklin  ; and  imme- 
diately opposite,  at  No.  lo,  is 
the  venerable  house  of  Lee  & 
Shepard,  with  its  creditable 
list  of  publications. 

The  Old  South  Meeting- 
House  lifts  its  ivy-clad  tower 
and  venerable  steeple  at 
Washington  and  Milk  Sts. 
The  newly-formed  Third 
Church  built  here,  in  1670, 
on  the  site  of  Gov.  Winthrop’s 
garden,  a cedar  meeting 
house,  in  which  Franklin  was 
baptized,  and  Judge  Sewall 
confessed  his  error  as  to  the 
witchcraft  troubles.  The 
present  structure,  dating  from 
1729,  was  the  scene  of  the 
great  patriotic  town-meetings 
before  the  Revolution,  the  de- 
parting point  of  the  T e a - 
Party  Indians,  the  cavalry 
riding-school  of  the  British 
garrison,  the  hall  of  the  an- 
nual Election  Sermons  for  160 
years,  and  many  other  stirring 
events.  The  advance  of  trade 
drove  the  parishioners  to  dis- 
tant homes,  wherefore  the 
Third  Society  gave  up  this 
church,  and  built  a new  one, 
on  the  Back  Bay,  in  1872-74. 
The  old  site  had  an  immense 
value  for  business  purposes  ; 
and  the  society  sold  it  (with 
the  building)  to  the  Old 
South  Preservation  Commit- 
tee for  8430,000,  to  be  pre- 
served as  “The  Nursery  and 
Sanctuary  of  Freedom.”  It 
is  occupied  by  a rich  and 
varied  museum  of  Colonial 
and  Revolutionary  relics, 
weapons,  flags,  furniture, 
pictures,  etc.,  open  daily. 


THE  OLD  SOUTH. 

WASHINGTON,  NORTHEAST  COR.  MILK  STREET. 


HEAD  OF  MILK  STREET,  THE  OLD  SOUTH,  AND  BURNHAM  ANTIQUE  BOOKSTORE. 

MILK  STREET,  NORTHEAST  CORNER  OF  WASHINGTON  STREET. 


THE  BOSTON  TRAVELER,— AN  EVENING  NEWSPAPER. 

NO.  309  WASHINGTON  STREET,  OPPOSITE  MILK  STREET  AND  THE  OLD  SOUTH. 


123 


King's  “ How  to  See  Boston."''' 

for  25  cents,  the  revenue  going  to  the  preservation  fund.  Series  of 
free  historical  lectures  are  given  here  every  year  by  famous  scholars. 
The  crypts  contain  Burnham’s  vast  antiquarian  book-store,  with  scores  of 
thousands  of  volumes,  old  and  new,  amid  which  antiquaries  and  biblio- 
philes find  many  treasures.  Just  north  of  the  Old  South,  Gov.  Winthrop’s 
house  stood  until  1775,  when  the  half-frozen  British  garrison  tore  it  down 
for  fuel.  At  307  Washington  St.,  opposite  the  Old  South,  are  the  offices, 
editorial  and  printing  rooms  of  the  Boston  Traveler,  established  in  1845, 
half  a century  ago,  and  now  issuing  every  evening  a twelve-page  paper  at 
one  cent.  It  is  clean,  newsy  and  readable,  and  under  its  present  ener- 
getic and  experienced  management  it  has  gained  a solid  foothold  among 


FRANKLIN  STATUE  — CITY  HALL  — QUINCY  STATUE. 


the  people,  with  a constantly  increasing  circulation  and  advertising 
patronage.  At  301  is  the  publishing  and  bookselling  house  of  Estes  & 
Lauriat,  with  an  extensive  stock  of  imported  books. 

The  Old  Corner  Bookstore,  at  School  (leading  to  the  City  Hall)  and 
Washington  Sts.,  the  oldest  brick  building  in  Boston,  was  erected  in  1712, 
on  the  site  of  Anne  Hutchinson’s  dwelling  ; and  since  1828  has  been  a 
book-store,  occupied  for  many  years  by  Ticknor  & Fields,  and  frequented 
by  Longfellow  and  Lowell,  Holmes  and  Whittier,  Emerson  and  Thoreau, 
Dickens  and  Thackeray,  and  other  illustrious  authors.  Here  Oliver  Dit- 
son  began  his  music  business,  at  a small  corner  counter,  in  1833.  Besides 


THE  OLD  CORNER  BOOKSTORE,  DAMRELL  A.  UPHAM. 

>ft^eHINUTON  8THi£^ NOMTMWCST  OOHNEH  OF  SCHOOL  STHEETj 


Kmg's  How  to  aee  j^oston.'^  125 

general  literature,  the  store,  now  pertaining  to  Damrell  & Upham,  has 
large  Episcopal  and  guide-book  and  map  departments.  Spring  Lane, 
almost  opposite,  contained  the  great  spring  of  sweet  water  which  attracted 
the  colonists  to  Boston. 

A tall,  quaint  office-structure  called  the  Carter  Building,  with  narrow 
front  and  peculiar  shape,  occupies  the  square  between  Spring  Lane  and 
Water  St.,  both  of  which  lead  to  the  Post  Office. 

Newspaper  Row  covers  both  sides  of  a long  bow-shaped  block  along 
Washington  St.,  between  Water  and  State  Sts.,  and  oftentimes  is  the 
most  crowded  part  of  the  city.  From  this  block  are  published  the  your- 
nal^  the  Post,  the  Herald,  the  Advertiser,  the  Record,  and  the  Globe,  all 
of  the  daily  papers  excepting  the  Traveler,  Transcript,  and  Standard, 


GRANARY  BURYING  GROUND,  TREMONT  STREET,  BETWEEN  BEACON  AND  PARK  STREETS. 


The  yournal,  at  Washington  and  Water  Sts.,  is  a thoroughly  good  morn- 
ing and  evening  paper  (founded  in  1833)  great  circulation,  intensely 
devoted  to  Republicanism. 

The  Post,  a bright  Democratic  one-cent  morning  paper,  with  a three- 
cent  Sunday  edition,  dates  from  1831,  and  has  its  home  at  259  Washington 
St.  The  Boston  Herald,  at  255,  the  foremost  of  all  the  New-England 
papers,  has  one  of  the  finest  and  best-equipped  newspaper  buildings  in  ex- 
istence (erected  in  1877-78),  six  stories  high,  in  French  Renaissance 
architecture.  It  is  independent  in  politics.  It  was  founded  in  1846  ; and 
has  several  admirable  daily  editions,  and  a superb  Sunday  issue.  The 
white-marble  building  at  248  was  built  for  the  Advertiser,  “ the  Respect- 


THE  POST.  the  herald. 

THE  BOSTON  HERALD. 

NO.  255  WASHINGTON  STREET,  BETWEEN  SCHOOL  AND  COURT  STREETS. 


126 


HEHAU)  UMP.  BLOBE.  ADVERTISER.  LITTLE,  BHUWN  fc  CO. 

LITTLE,  BROWN  & CO.,  IMPORTERS,  BOOKSELLERS  AND  PUBLISHERS. 

NO.  254  WASHINGTON  STREET,  EAST  SIDE,  NORTH  OF  WATER  STREET.  127 


128 


King's  '•''How  to  See  Boston.''' 


able  Daily,”  the  oldest  daily  paper  in  Boston,  founded  in  1813,  and  from 
1 8 14  to  1 864  directed  by  Nathan  Hale,  who  married  Edward  Everett’s  sister, 
and  whose  son  was  E.  E.  Hale.  The  paper  has  always  been  calm,  dig- 
nified and  refined,  Republican  in  politics,  and  paying  special  attention  to 
maritime  and  commercial  news.  The  Evening  Record  is  a bright,  spicy, 
and  pungent  penny  paper,  started  in  1884,  by  the  Advertiser  corporation. 
At  236-238  the  Globe,  a strictly  Democratic  two-cent  paper,  with  several 
editions  each  day,  and  with  a monster  Sunday  paper,  has  a huge  and 
handsome  brown-stone  building.  It  was  started  as  a high-class  literary 
journal,  in  1872,  by  Maturin  M.  Ballou  and 
others ; and  after  several  changes  came  under 
the  present  management,  which  has  made  it  a 
marked  success  as  a wide-awake  newsgatherer 
for  the  masses,  with  an  immense  circulation. 

In  the  midst  of  the  newspapers,  at  254,  is 
the  eminent  publishing  and  importing  house  of 
Little,  Brown  & Co.,  with  its  own  exceptionally 
strong  list  of  standard 
books  on  law,  history, 
and  general  literature, 
and  the  choicest  stock 
of  imported  and  Ameri- 
can books  of  all  pub- 
lishers. The  business 
was  established  over  a 
century  ago.  The  build- 
ing belongs  to  Harvard 
University. 

In  and  around  News- 
paper Row  are  many 
well-known  periodicals; 
and  likewise  enterpris- 
ing shops  of  all  kinds, 
notably  the  Crawford 
Shoe-store,  one  of  the 
scores  of  branches  of 
Bouve,  Crawford  Co. , 
whose  signs  cover  the 
whole  building  at  225. 
Eating-places,  too,  abound,  including  the  Silver  Grill,  263,  Dennett’s,  243, 
Mrs.  Atkinson’s,  239,  Hart’s  Imperial,  231,  and  Thompson’s  Spa,  at  219. 

Two  quaint  pedestrians’  alleys  lead  to  Court  Square,  back  of  the  City 
Hall  — Williams  Court  and  Court  Avenue,  winding  around  by  the  hidden 
main  entrance  of  Young’s  Hotel.  It  is  only  a few  steps  from  Newspaper 
Row  to  the  Old  State  House  and  State  St.,  and  to  Court  St.,  curving 
around  to  Scollay  Square. 


PARK  STREET  CHURCH  AND  GRANARY  BURYING  GROUND, 
TREMONT  AND  PARK  STREETS. 


“the  CRAWFORD  SHOE”  STORE,  BOUVE,  CRAWFORD  & CO.  130 

NO.  225  WASHINGTON  STREET,  NORTH  OF  THE  “ HERALD  ” AND  OPPOSITE  THE  “GLOBE.” 


THE  BACK-BAY  DISTRICT. 


This  grandly  interesting  part  of  Boston  was  made  by  filling  up  the  im- 
mense salty  bay  of  the  Charles  River  back  of  Boston.  It  is  now  a very 
beautiful  residence-quarter,  with  the  fine  churches,  notable  public  build- 
ings, and  palatial  hotels  — in  fact,  the  show  district,  the  Court  end,  of 
the  city.  The  Back-Bay  cars,  as  well  as  other  lines,  taken  at  Scollay 
Square,  or  on  Tremont  St.  along  the  Common,  traverse  this  section. 
Turning  from  Tremont  into  Boylston  St.  (the  ancient  Frog  Lane),  at  the 
south  end  of  the  Common,  we  pass  the  Hotel  Pelham  (studios  and  offices)  ; 
the  building  occupied  by  the  Public  Library  from  1858  to  1895  1 
secluded  Boylston  Place,  in  which  (at  No.  4)  stands  the  house  of  the 
Tavern  Club,  made  up  of  100  authors,  artists  and  musicians.  Howells 
and  C.  E.  Norton  have  been  its  presidents  ; and  receptions  have  been 
given  to  Holmes,  Booth,  Irving,  Sala,  and  other  great  men.  At  18  Boyl- 
ston Place  is  the 
Boston  Library, 
founded  in  1 794, 
with  28, OCX)  vol- 
umes ; and  at  No. 
19,  the  Mass.  Med- 
ical Society.  One 
side  of  Boylston  St. 
is  the  Common, 
where  the  excavat- 
ing for  the  con- 
struction of  the 
Subway  has  begun 
as  this  book  goes 
to  press. 

The  Subway  is 
for  the  relief  of  the 
congestion  in  the 
heart  of  Boston  by 
the  opening  of  an 
underground  street 
across  the  centre  of 
the  city.  This  sub- 
street will  extend 
from  the  Union  Sta- 
tion to  the  junction 
of  Tremont  St.  and 
Shawmut  Avenue, 
and  by  a branch  to- 
the  Boston  & Provi- 


TREMONT  STREET  MALL,  LOOKING  NORTH  TO  PARK  STREET  CHURCH. 

180 


K big's  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston,  ” 


131 


dence  Railroad  station.  It  will  be  water-tight,  brilliantly  lighted  and 
perfectly  ventilated,  warmer  in  winter  and  cooler  in  summer  than  the  sur- 
face streets.  All  the  street-car  tracks  over  its  line  will  be  removed  from 
the  surface  and  run  through  it,  thus  affording  a complete  clearance  of  the 
surface  streets,  for  the  better  accommodation  of  travel  and  avoidance  of  its 
existing  dangers.  By  ingenious  engineering  there  will  be  no  grade  cross- 
ing in  the  Subway,  and  passengers  can  take  any  car  desired  without  cross- 


ing a track. 

On  the  north  side  of  Boylston  St.,  about  midway  between  Tremont 
St.  and  Park  Square,  at  156,  is  the  very  interesting  establishment  of  the 
Murdock  Parlor  Grate  Company,  a title  somewhat  misleading  from  the 

fact  that,  besides  parlor  grates,  this  con- 
cern manufactures  and  puts  up  an  in- 
finite variety  of  high  art  metal,  mosaic 
and  woodwork,  and  supplies  every 
necessity  or  ornament  of  the  modern 
or  ancient  fireplace.  A visit  to  this 
establishment  will  be  well  repaid. 

Park  Square  is  the  diverging  point 
of  the  broad  and  beautiful  Columbus 
Avenue,  to  the  South  End,  and  Charles 
St.,  to  the  West  End.  It  contains  Ball’s 
bronze  Emancipation  Group,  showing 
Abraham  Lincoln,  and  a slave  kneeling 
at  his  feet,  with  fetters  falling  away. 
The  pedestal  is  of  polished  red  granite. 
This  statuary  was  cast  at  Munich  in 
1879,  at  a cost  of  $i7,ocx),  and  given 
by  Moses  Kimball.  Here  is  the  majes- 
tic Gothic  terminal  of  the  Providence 
Division  of  the  N.  Y.,  N.  H.  & H.  R.  R. 
to  Providence  (and  New  York),  erected 
at  a cost  of  ^800,000,  with  a noble 
clock-tower,  a beautiful  Gothic  hall 
(180  by  44  feet,  and  80  feet  high),  and 
a very  thorough  equipment.  It  is  850 
feet  long,  one  of  the  largest  in  the  world.  This  station  is  the  terminal 
of  the  trains  connecting  with  the  glorious  Sound  steamers  for  New  York, 
— the  “Providence  Line,”  and  the  “Fall-River  Line.”  The  Providence 
road  was  chartered  in  1831,  and  finished  in  1835.  station  stands  on 

/the  beach  whence  the  British  troops  embarked  on  their  mournful  raid 
upon  Lexington,  in  1775.  The  tall  building  on  the  east  corner  of  Boyls- 
ton St.  occupies  the  site  of  the  gun-houses  of  the  Sea  Fencibles  and 
New-England  Guards,  and  Wm.  M.  Hunt’s  studio.  On  Carver  St.,  back 
of  it,  Julian  Hawthorne  was  born.  Charles  St,  starts  at  Park  Square, 
and  runs  between  the  Common  and  the  Public  Garden. 


ARMY  AND  NAVY  MONUMENT,  BOSTON  COMMON. 


133 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.'''' 

Boylston  St.  thence  westward,  facing  the  Public  Garden,  was  until 
lately  a favorite  residence-quarter,  but  is  fast  being  occupied  by  fashion- 
able retail  stores. 

A prominent  attraction  for  all  visitors  and  residents  is  the  famous  Wil- 
liams & Everett  art-gallery,  at  190,  with  its  rich  artistic  interior  and  its 
collection  of  European  and  American  paintings,  etchings,  carbons,  statu- 
ary and  photographs,  many  exhibited  in  ingenious,  exquisite  and  appro- 
priate frames  from  the  firm’s  own  shops.  This  historic  firm  began  in 
1810,  and  took  its  present  style  in  1855.  The  most  prominent  establish- 
ment on  Boylston  St.  is  the  great  and  handsome  brown-stone  building  of 
L.  P.  Hollander  & Co.,  202  to  210,  which  is  filled  with  the  finest  and 


TREMONT  STREET,  SOUTH  OF  PARK  STREET.  ENTRANCE  TO  BOSTON  COMMON. 


most  exquisite  fabrics  and  costumes  for  ladies  and  children,  and  a vast 
variety  of  dainty  articles  for  personal  adornment.  It  is  the  most  aristo- 
cratic establishment  of  its  kind  in  New  England.  On  Boylston  St.,  at 
198,  is  Vercelli’s,  where  Italian  table  d’hote  dinners  are  served  and  at 
Church  St.  is  the  Thorndike,  a pleasant  and  well-situated  European-plan 
hotel,  built  in  1885-86. 

The  Public  Garden  occupies  a site  which,  with  the  parade  ground  on 
the  Common,  was  formerly  covered  with  marshes  and  salt  water,  flowing 
freely  with  the  sea-tides.  Rope-walks  were  erected  here  in  1794  ; but 
subsequently  the  area  was  filled  in,  and  in  1862  the  municipality  fenced, 
graded  and  laid  out  the  Garden.  It  is  now  a very  beautiful  park  of  24 


134  Kin^s  How  to  See  Bosto^t.'"' 

acres,  with  groups  of  choice  trees  and  shrubbery,  rich  lawns,  statuary, 
and  a 4-acre  lake  abounding  in  quaint  boats  and  crossed  by  “the  Bridge 
of  Size”  (a  ponderous  affair,  for  footmen).  The  flower  display  is  one  of 
the  most  superb  in  the  world,  being  drawn  from  millions  of  plants  in  the 
City  hot-houses.  In  late  spring  come  100,000  crocuses,  500,000  or  more 
vivid  tulips  and  hyacinths,  narcissi  and  lilies,  and  100,000  golden  lilies 
of  Japan,  followed  by  700,000  pansy-plants,  and  daisies  and  forget-me- 
nots,  and  these  by  the  June  pomps  of  16,000  rose-bushes  and  10,000  hy- 
drangeas,  and  many  magnolias,  tropical  palms,  ferns,  and  india-rubber 
trees.  On  a pleasant  Sunday  from  40,000  to  80,000  persons  \dsit  the 
garden.  Thirty  beds  were  given  up  in  1 895  to  rich  carpet-bedding,  or  small 
foliage-plants,  showing  in  their  proper  colors  the  emblems  and  badges  of 
the  Christian  Endeavor  Society  and  the  Knights  Templar. 

The  memorials  include  (on  the  south,  or  Boylston-St.  side)  : Ball’s 

bronze  statue  of  Charles  Sumner,  erected  in  1878,  from  a popular  sub- 
scription of  $15,000  ; and  a 
stiff  little  granite  statue  of 
Col.  Cass,  of  the  9th  Mass. ; 
(West  side).  Ball’s  noble 
equestrian  .Washington,  the 
finest  statue  in  New  Eng- 
land, erected  in  1869,  22  feet 
high,  on  a base  16  feet  high, 
and  designed,  made  and  paid 
for  in  Massachusetts;  a grace- 
ful fountain-veiled  statue  of 
Venus  Rising  from  the  Sea, 
popularly  called  “ The  Maid 
of  the  Mist''';  and  the  Ether 
5lonument,  a stone  shaft  ris- 
ing from  a square  basin,  and 
crowned  with  statues  of  the 
Good  Samaritan  and  his  suf- 
fering protege\  dedicated  in 
1868,  to  commemorate  the 
proving  of  the  anaesthetic 
powers  of  ether,  at  the  Mass. 
General  Hospital  in  1846.  J.  Q.  A.  Ward  was  the  sculptor;  T.  Lee,  the 
donor.  On  the  Beacon-St.  side  is  Story’s  dramatic  bronze  statue  of 
Edward  Everett,  modelled  at  Rome,  cast  at  Munich,  and  erected  here 
by  a popular  subscription  in  1867.  The  portrait  is  capital,  and  the  ges- 
ture a favorite  one  of  Everett’s.  As  Mr.  Howells  says  : 

“ Boston  seemed  to  be  a great  place  for  images.  An  image  of  Washington  on 
horseback,  and  some  orator  speaking,  with  his  hand  up,  and  on  top  of  a monument 
a kind  of  Turk  held  up  a man  who  looked  sick.  The  man  was  almost  naked,  but 
he  was  not  so  bad  as  the  image  of  a woman  in  a granite  basin  ; it  seemed  to 
Barker  that  it  ought  not  to  be  allowed  there.  . . . The  marble  Venus  of  the 


ST.  PAUL’S  EPtSCOPAL  CHURCH,  TREMONT  STREET, 
NEAR  TEMPLE  PLACE. 


WILLIAMS  & EVERETT,  PAINTINGS,  STATUARY  ANU  hKAMto.  135 

lO.  1«0  BOYLSTON  STREET,  C EXTENDING  THROUGH  TO  PARK  SQUARE,  OPPOSITE  PUBLIC  GARDEN. 


BOSTON  PUBLIC  GARDEN. 

BOYL8TON,  CHARLES,  BEACON  AND  ARLINGTON  STREETS. 


BOSTON  PUBLIC  GARDEN. 

BOYLSTON,  CHARLES,  ARLINGTON  AND  BEACON  STREETS.  137 


138  King's  How  to  See  Boston.'" 

fountain  was  surprised  without  her  shower  on  : and  Mr.  Ball’s  equestrian  Wash- 
ington drew  his  sword  in  solitude  unbroken  by  a policeman  upon  Dr.  Rimmer’s 
Hamilton  in  Commonwealth  Avenue.” 

Arlington  Street,  the  west  border  of  the  Public  Garden,  has  latterly 
seen  trade  invade  its  splendid  mansions.  At  No.  16  is  the  Swedenborgian 
headquarters.  The  Arlington-St.  Church  (Unitarian),  the  first  built  on 
the  Back  Bay  (in  1861),  exemplifies  Wren’s  London  architecture,  and  has 
a sweet  chime  of  16  bells  in  its  tall  freestone  spire,  and  a white  Corinthian 
interior.  It  succeeds  the  Irish  Church  of  the  Presbyterian  Strangers, 
founded  in  Long  Lane  (Federal  St.)  in  1727  ; and  has  had  Channing  and 
Gannett  for  pastors.  The  church  lot  is  assessed  at  $360,000.  Near  by, 
at  2 Newbury  St,  is  the  pleasant  house  of  the  St.  Botolph  Club,  of  prom- 
inent professional  men,  artists  and  authors  (like  N.  Y.  Century  Club), 
founded  in  1880,  and  for  some  years  presided  over  by  Parkman.  Nearly 
opposite  is  Emmanuel  Episcopal  Church,  built  in  1861-62,  of  Roxbury 
stone,  and  led  by  Huntington,  Vinton  and  Parks.  Dr.  Vinton’s  bronze 
portrait  tablet  was  made  by  St.  Gaudens. 

The  Young  Men’s  Christian  Association  has  on  Boylston  St.,  at  the 
southwest  corner  of  Berkeley,  a spacious  and  imposing  Scottish-baronial 
building,  erected  in  1883,  a cost  of  $300,000.  There  are  about  5,000 
members,  under  easy  entrance-conditions,  though  only  members  of  evan- 
gelical churches  may  be  voters  and  office-holders.  It  freely  welcomes 
strangers  to  its  parlors,  library,  reading-room,  and  game-room  ; and  pro- 
vides lectures,  concerts,  receptions,  classes,  a spacious  hall,  and  an  elabo- 
rate and  very  large  gymnasium.  It  was  formed  in  1851  and  is  the  oldest 
Y.  M.  C.  A.  in  the  Republic. 

On  Berkeley  St.,  just  north  of  Boylston,  is  the  Catholic  nunnery- 
school  and  novitiate  of  Notre  Dame. 

The  Museum  of  Natural  History,  on  Boylston  St.,  at  the  northwest 
corner  of  Berkeley,  was  built  in  1864,  for  a society  incorporated  in  1831, 
on  land  given  by  the  State  ; and  has  a library  of  20,000  volumes,  and 
vast  collections  of  birds,  insects,  fossils,  skeletons,  stuffed  elephants  and 
lions  and  other  remarkable  objects.  It  is  open  free  Wednesdays  and  Sat- 
urdays (25  cents  on  other  days).  Burgess,  the  yacht-designer,  was  long 
the  librarian  here.  The  stately  building  is  adorned  with  carved  animals’ 
heads  on  keystones,  and  eagle  on  roof,  and  has  a fine  Corinthian  portico. 

The  Central  Congregational  Church,  on  Berkeley  St.,  just  north  of  the 
Museum,  was  built  in  1867,  of  Roxbury  stone,  after  designs  by  Upjohn, 
the  famous  Gothic  architect  ; and  resembles  a miniature  cathedral  in  its 
ecclesiastical  symmetry.  The  stone  spire  rises  236  feet,  and  is  the  tallest 
in  the  city,  and,  according  to  Dr.  Holmes,  by  far  the  most  beautiful. 
The  interior  was  remodelled  and  superbly  decorated  in  1894-95,  by  the 
Tiffany  Co.,  of  New  York,  with  favrile  glass,  a rich  churchly  chancel,  and 
a famous  sanctuary  lamp.  The  society  began  in  1835,  and  built  in  Winter 
St.  in  1841.  It  has  been  led  by  John  E.  Todd,  J.  T.  Duryea  and  E.  L. 
Clark. 


140 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.'''' 

The  First  Church  (Unitarian),  north  of  the  Central,  at  Berkeley  and 
Marlborough  Sts.,  was  built  in  1868,  at  a cost  of  $325,000;  and  is  a 
charming  bit  of  English  Gothic  architecture,  of  Roxbury  stone,  with 
cloisters  and  a low  steeple,  and  a rich  dark  interior,  with  London  stained 
windows  and  a German  organ.  Winthrop  and  Dudley  founded  the  society, 
in  1630  ; and  for  a century  and  a half  it  was  Trinitarian  Congregationalist. 
Its  first  church  (in  1632-40)  was  at  27  State  St.  ; the  second  (1640-1711) 
and  third  (1713-1808 — “The  Old  Brick”),  at  209  Washington  St.  (near 
Court)  ; and  the  fourth  (1808-68),  in  Chauncy  Place,  near  Summer  St. 

The  Mass.  Institute  of  Technology,  with  two  of  its  buildings  and  the 
Natural-History  Museum  charmingly  filling  the  whole  block  on  the  north 
side  of  Boylston  St.,  between  Clarendon  and  Berkeley,  is  the  leading  tech- 
nical and  industrial-science  college  in  America,  if  not  in  the  world.  It  was 
incorporated  in  1861  ; and  teaches  engineering,  chemistry,  metallurgy, 
architecture,  physics,  geology,  etc.,  to  more  than  1,000  youths.  Francis 
A.  Walker  is  president.  Several  courses  of  free  public  lectures  are  given 
here  yearly,  by  the  foremost  American  and  British  scholars,  from  the  in- 
come of  $237,000  bequeathed  therefor  in  1839,  ^7  Lowell,  Jr.,  a 
Bostonian  dying  at  Bombay.  Among  the  Lowell  lecturers  have  been 
Palfrey,  Lowell,  Howells,  Agassiz,  Lyell  and  Tyndall. 

The  Hotel  Brunswick,  one  of  the  most  delightful  and  most  charmingly 
situated  hotels  of  the  world,  is  on  the  south  side  of  Boylston  St.,  at  the 
corner  of  Clarendon,  forming  part  of  the  east  end  of  Copley  Square.  It 
is  opposite  the  Technology  Institute,  and  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of 
Trinity  Church,  the  Art  Museum,  the  Public  Library,  etc.  It  was  built  in 
1874-76,  at  a cost  of  $1,000,000,  with  sumptuous  furnishings,  fine  archi- 
tecture, and  an  unrivalled  situation.  Among  its  guests  have  been  Presi- 
dents Grant,  Hayes  and  Arthur,  and  the  Dukes  of  Argyll  and  Sutherland. 
The  proprietors  are  Barnes  & Dunklee. 

Copley  Square,  with  its  superb  churches,  museums,  library  and  col- 
leges, is  regarded  by  the  Bostonians  with  a Florentine  or  Athenian  civic 
pride,  and  bears  the  name  of  our  greatest  oldtime  artist.  The  foremost 
architects  have  prepared  competitive  plans  for  its  appropriate  adornment, 
which  will  probably  be  in  the  form  of  a dainty  sunken  garden,  with 
shrubbery,  fountains  and  statuary.  This  work  will  have  cost  $75,000. 

Trinity  Church,  on  Copley  Square,  is  the  most  artistic  and  impressive 
church  in  New  England.  Phillips  Brooks  was  its  rector  from  1869  to 
1891.  The  society  dates  from  1728  ; and  the  present  church  from  1877. 
It  was  designed  by  H.  H.  Richardson,  in  the  Romanesque  architecture 
of  Southern  France  and  Spain.  The  chief  external  features  are  the  out- 
lying chapel ; the  quaint  cloisters,  containing  the  ancient  stone  tracery 
from  a window  of  St.  Botolph’s  Church,  in  English  Boston  ; the  rich 
Galilee  porch,  built  in  1894-95  ; and  the  vast  and  impressive  central 
tower,  suggested  by  one  at  Salamanca,  and  rising  to  a height  of  211  feet, 
with  a width  of  46  feet.  The  ivy-clad  walls  are  of  yellowish  Dedham 
granite  and  brown  sandstone ; and  the  huge  tower-roof  is  of  red  Akron 


HOTEL  BRUNSWICK,  BARNES  & DUNKLEE,  PROPRIETORS. 

BOYL8TON  STREET,  SOUTHEAST  CORNER  OF  CLARENDON  STREET,  BEGINNING  OF  COPLEY  SQUARE. 


142 


Km^s  How  to  See  Bostony 

tiles.  The  interior  is  marvelously  rich,  with  a chancel  57x53  feet  in 
area ; many  English,  Parisian  and  Tiffany  stained-glass  memorial  win- 
dows ; and  the  famous  Biblical  frescoes  by  John  LaFarge,  including 
Jesus  and  the  Woman  of  Samaria.  This  majestic  building  cost  over 
$800,000,  and  is  all  paid  for.  The  services  are  “low.”  E.  W.  Donald 
is  rector.  The  north  cloister  doors  are  open  daily,  from  8 to  4 (Satur- 
days, 8 to  12)  to  admit  visitors.  The  attendant  sells  a booklet  about 
the  frescoes,  windows,  etc.  Near  by,  at  233  Clarendon  St.,  is  the  quaint 
rectory,  where  Phillips  Brooks  dwelt  from  1869  until  his  death  in  1893. 
South  of  Trinity  is  the  Ludlow,  an  apartment  house  ; and  also  the 
Technology  Architectural,  Engineering,  and  Laboratory  buildings. 

The  Museum  of  Fine  Arts  fills  the  south  side  of  Copley  Square  with 
its  flamboyant  Italian  Gothic  facade  of  brick,  stone,  and  red  and  buff 
English  terra  cotta.  It  contains  what  is  called  the  most  symmetrically 
developed  art-collection  in  America,  inferior  to  New  York  in  pictures, 
but  with  the  finest  set  of  sculptural  casts  in  the  world  (except  that  at 
Berlin),  and  Japanese  collections  absolutely  unapproachable  elsewhere. 
Conspicuous  terra-cotta  reliefs  on  the  outer  walls  represent  the  Tri- 
umph of  Art,  and  the  Union  of  Art  and  Industry.  A large  art-school  is 
attached  to  the  Museum.  There  were  265,000  visitors  to  the  Museum  in 
1894.  The  building  surrounds  a broad  quadrangle,  and  is  to  be  doubled 
in  size.  The  first  floor  is  devoted  to  casts  and  antiquities,  occupying  16 
halls.  The  second  floor  has  several  rooms  of  paintings  ; the  textile, 
coin,  and  metal-work  collections  ; the  tapestries  and  embroideries,  por- 
celains and  pottery  ; and  the  vast  Japanese  collections.  There  are  800 
casts  of  famous  classic  and  Renaissance  statuary,  large  Egyptian  and 
Cyprus  collections,  thousands  of  pieces  of  exquisite  porcelain  and  glass 
ware,  tapestries  and  embroideries,  wood  and  ivory  carvings,  prints  and 
drawings,  coins  and  bronzes,  weapons  and  armor  ; and  many  paintings 
by  the  old  masters  (Rubens,  Holbein,  Diirer  Greuze,  Reynolds,  et  als. ), 
and  by  the  best  modern  French  and  American  artists  (Corot,  Millet, 
Bastien-Lepage,  Allston,  Copley,  Hunt,  Brown,  Cole).  Catalogues  are 
sold  at  the  door.  The  Museum  is  open  from  9 to  5 daily  (25  cents  ; 
free  on  Saturdays,  and  Sunday  afternoons).  It  was  founded  in  1870,  and 
subscriptions  of  $600,000  gave  the  means  for  the  great  quadrangular  build- 
ings, begun  in  1876.  The  expenses  are  met  by  art-lovers’  subscriptions. 
The  Grundman,  Harcourt  and  Pierce  buildings,  near  by,  have  the  studios 
of  many  artists.  A few  rods  from  the  Museum,  where  Dartmouth  St. 
crosses  the  Albany  and  Providence  Railroads,  is  the  South  Armory,  built 
in  1890,  for  the  ist  Regiment,  M.  V.  M.,  and  the  Naval  Brigade.  The 
5th  Regiment  and  the  Cavalry  Battalion  have  their  headquarters  here. 
The  drill  hall  is  of  mammoth  size,  and  the  head-house,  massive,  battle- 
mented  and  towered,  has  a fine  military  effect. 

The  Boston  Public  Library,  occupying  the  west  side  of  Copley  Square, 
has  the  most  costly  and  artistic  library  building  in  the  world,  and  is  by 
far  the  largest  library  in  the  world  for  free  circulation.  It  was  opened  in 


TRINITY  PROTESTANT  EPISCOPAL  CHURCH. 

COPLEY  SQUARE,  8T.  JAMES  AVENUE,  CLARENDON  AND  BOYL8TON  STREETS. 


MUSEUM  OF  FINE  ARTS. 

COPLEY  SQUARE;  ST.  JAMES  AVENUE  AND  DARTMOUTH  STREET. 


BOSTON  PUBLIC  LIBRARY, 


146  Kin^s  “ Ho'w  to  See  Boston.''’' 

1852,  largely  by  the  efforts  of  Everett  and  Ticknor  ; and  the  building  was 
finished  in  1895,  having  cost  over  $2,500,000.  C.  F.  McKim,  of  McKim, 
Mead  & White,  designed  it,  in  the  pure,  stately  and  elegant  style  of  the 
Italian  Renaissance.  It  is  of  pinkish-gray  Milford  granite,  and  faces  on 
three  streets,  with  a conspicuous  roof  of  brown  Spanish  tiles,  and  a clois- 
tered courtyard  inside  containing  a lawn  and  fountain.  The  building 
covers  i ^ acres.  The  inscriptions,  the  outside  granite  terrace  and  seats, 
the  Knoxville- marble  vestibule,  and  the  colored  marble  mosaics  of  the 
entrance  hall,  in  floor  and  vaulting,  are  all  noteworthy.  The  grand  stair- 
way, with  colossal  marble  lions  commemorating  the  dead  of  the  2d  and 
22d  Mass.  Regiments  in  1861-65,  leads  to  Bates  Hall,  an  immense  read- 
ing-room occupying  all  the  Copley- Square  front,  with  a barrel- vault  ceiling 
and  rich  furnishings.  Edwin  A.  Abbey’s  wonderful  series  of  paintings  of 
“The  Search  for  the  Holy  Grail  ” and  John  S.  Sargent’s  paintings  of 
“ The  Growth  of  Religion  ” are  in  place  here.  Abbey’s  in  the  general 
delivery  room,  and  Sargent’s  in  the  hall  of  the  special  libraries  (third 
floor).  Each  artist  receives  $15,000,  and  they  will  require  years  to  come 
to  finish  their  series.  The  paintings  are  on  canvas,  fastened  to  the  walls 
by  white  lead.  LaFarge,  Puvis  de  Chavannes  (who  will  receive  $50,000) 
and  others  are  at  work  on  other  great  mural  decorations  ; St.  Gaudens 
is  preparing  two  groups  of  three  figures  each,  for  the  outer  terrace  ; and 
other  statues  are  being  made.  Never  before' have  architecture,  sculpture 
and  painting  been  so  gloriously  united  in  America.  Here  are  kept  many 
valuable  MSS.  and  ancient  books,  the  Cardinal-Tosti  collection  of  engrav- 
ings, Copley’s  great  painting  of  Charles  I.  and  Parliament,  and  the  price- 
less Chamberlain  autographs.  The  library  has  very  rich  special  collec- 
tions about  costumes,  Spanish  literature,  music,  mathematics,  patents, 
architecture,  New-England  history,  Shakespeareana,  etc.,  each  in  a special 
hall.  It  contains  about  680,000  volumes  ; and  has  many  well-stocked 
branches  in  remote  parts  of  the  city.  There  are  150  employees  ; and  the 
expenses  approach  $200,000  a year.  The  magnificent  newspaper-room 
contains  current  files  of  several  hundred  leading  American,  European  and 
Asiatic  papers,  and  has  no  rival  anywhere.  Parts  of  the  library  are  open 
evenings  and  Sundays.  The  State  gave  most  of  the  land  for  the  site  ; the 
city  paid  for  the  building  and  maintenance  ; and  private  munificence  gave 
most  of  the  special  libraries  and  art-treasures  of  this  incomparable  people’s 
club-house,  “ The  literary  Common,”  as  Robert  C.  Winthrop  called  it. 

The  Old  South  Church,  opposite  the  Library,  on  the  north  side  of 
Copley  Square,  is  a superb  North- Italian  Gothic  building,  of  Roxbury 
stone,  erected  in  1873-75,  at  a cost  of  $500,000,  for  a Congregational 
society  founded  in  1669.  Quite  noticeable  outside  are  the  gilded  copper 
dome,  the  carved  fruits  and  birds  on  the  outer  sandstone  belts,  and 
the  inscriptions  and  Venetian  mosaics  in  the  arcade.  The  tower  (which 
leans  slightly)  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  in  existence,  with  colored 
stone  marquetry  and  noble  Gothic  windows  ; and  is  248  feet  high.  Inside, 
note  the  carved  Caen-stone  and  Lisbon-marble  screen,  the  open  timber- 


FIRST  BAPTIST  CHURCH. 

COMMONWEALTH  AVENUE,  SOUTHWEST  CORNER  OF  BERKELEY  STREET. 


150  King's  How  to  See  Boston.''^ 

The  Vendome,  Boston’s  palatial  hotel,  on  Commonwealth  Avenue  and 
Dartmouth  St.,  is  but  two  short  blocks  north  of  Copley  Square  with  its 
group  of  famous  edifices.  It  is  a vast  eight-story  million-dollar  marble 
building,  with  365  feet  of  street-frontage,  in  every  way  richly  and  comfort- 
ably furnished  and  equipped,  with  a fine  rotunda  and  dining-halls.  Many 
distinguished  personages  have  of  late  years  been  guests  here,  among  them 
Presidents  Harrison  and  Cleveland,  Blaine  and  McKinley,  Sherman  and 
Vanderbilt,  Rockefeller  and  Carnegie,  Booth  and  Barrett,  Irving  and 
Terry,  Patti  and  Bernhardt.  The  Vendome,  under  the  proprietorship  of 
Charles  H.  Greenleaf  & Co.,  has  been  notably  successful.  In  front  is 
Warner’s  heroic  bronze  statue  of  William  Lloyd  Garrison,  the  Abolitionist 
leader,  erected  in  1886,  by  the  people.  At  217  Commonwealth  Avenue 
is  the  spacious  and  luxurious  house  of  the  Algonquin  Club,  organized  in 

1885,  among  prominent  business  men  and  bankers.  The  building 
(erected  in  1888)  cost  $300,000;  and  is  in  the  Renaissance  style,  of  light- 
colored  Indiana  limestone,  five  stories  high,  and  with  82  feet  of  frontage. 
The  historic  Algonquin  nation  included  the  chief  New-England  Indians. 
iNot  far  away,  at  270  Beacon  St.,  is  the  home  of  the  University  Club, 
.organized  in  1892,  of  college-bred  men.  This  palace  (built  as  residences 
for  the  Higginson  and  Whittier  families)  has  40  rooms  and  halls,  superbly 
decorated  and  furnished  ; and  overlooks  the  broad  Charles  River.  Near 
by,  at  296  Beacon  St.,  Oliver  Wendell  Holmes  lived  and  died.  This 
house  is  on  the  much-desired  water-side  of  Beacon  St.,  so  brightly  pic- 
tured in  Howells’s  novels,  and  on  which  (at  304)  the  novelist  once  dwelt. 

^ In  the  Back-Bay  District  the  streets  running  parallel  to  the  western 
border  of  the  Public  Garden  are  named  in  a simple  alphabetical  order, 
e.  g.,  Arlington,  Berkeley,  Clarendon,  Dartmouth,  Exeter,  Falmouth, 
Gloucester,  Hereford,  etc.  On  Exeter  St.,  south  of  Commonwealth  Ave- 
nue, are  several  notable  places.  At  Newbury  St.  are  four  remarkable 
structures,  one  on  each  of  the  four  corners,  the  South  Congregational 
Church,  the  Spiritual  Temple,  the  Normal  Art  School  and  the  Prince 
School.  The  South  Congregational  (Unitarian)  Church,  with  its  lowly 
Byzantine  tower,  was  built  in  1883-84,  for  the  Hollis-Street  society, 
which  was  founded  in  1730,  and  ministered  to  by  Byles  the  Tory,  Pier- 
pont  the  reformer,  Starr  King  the  patriot,  and  H.  B.  Carpenter  the  poet. 
In  1887  this  society  united  with  the  South  Church  (founded  in  1827),  of 
which  Edward  E.  Hale  has  been  pastor  since  1856.  There  are  beautiful 
memorial  windows  to  Pierpont  and  Starr  King.  The  First  Spiritual 
Temple,  the  finest  of  that  order  in  the  world,  was  built  by  a wealthy 
Boston  merchant,  at  a cost  of  $250,000,  in  1885.  It  is  a curious 
Romanesque  stone  edifice,  with  delicate  carvings,  several  halls,  organ, 
library,  parlors,  and  frequent  services.  The  Mass.  Normal  Art  School  is 
a three-story  brick  round-arched  and  high-roofed  building,  erected  in 

1886,  for  a State  institution  founded  in  1873  to  prepare  drawing-teach- 
ers for  the  public  schools.  The  Prince  School,  exemplifying  German 
and  Austrian  school-construction,  is  one  of  the  best  of  the  public 


153 


King's  **  How  to  See  Boston.'''' 

schools.  East  of  the  South  Church,  on  Newbury  St.,  is  the  Horace- 
Mann  School  for  the  Deaf,  founded  in  1869,  and  a part  of  the  public- 
school  s/stem. 

The  Harvard  Medical  School,  on  Boylston  and  Exeter  Sts.,  adjoin- 
ing the  Public  Library,  was  founded  in  1783,  and  in  1883  occupied 
this  new  $250, ocx)  fireproof  building.  This  noteworthy  department  of 
Harvard  University,  perfectly  equipped,  and  with  a wonderful  museum, 
has  100  professors  and  600  students.  Alongside,  on  Exeter  St.,  at  Blag- 
den,  the  Boston  Athletic  Association  (founded  in  1888;  2,000  mem- 
bers) has  a very  showy  and  spacious  house,  completely  equipped  for 
swimming,  billiards,  bowling,  tennis,  racquet,  handball,  fencing,  boxing, 
running,  and  all  gymnastic  uses,  and  with  large  dining-rooms.  It  cost 
$300,000. 

Huntington  Avenue,  running  southwest  from  Copley  Square,  opens  a 
fine  vista  to  the  Roxbury  hills.  Here  are  numerous  hotels  and  apartment 
houses  and  residences,  and  several  notable  public  institutions.  At  Hun- 
tington Avenue  and  Exeter  St.  is  the  elegant  and  highly  modern  Cop- 
ley-Square  Hotel,  one  of  the  best  constructed  and  most  comfortably 
furnished  hotels  in  the  city.  It  was  opened  in  1891  by  F.  S.  Risteen 
& Co.,  its  present  proprietors,  who  conduct  it  in  an  admirable  man- 
ner. It  is  in  close  proximity  to  the  Back-Bay  edifices.  Only  a block 
beyond,  on  Huntington  Avenue,  is  the  mammoth  decorated  Renaissance 
building,  erected  in  1881,  at  a cost  of  $500,000,  for  the  exhibitions  of  the 
Mass.  Charitable  Mechanic  Association  (800  members),  founded  in  1795, 
to  promote  inventions,  advance  education,  and  help  young  or  distressed 
mechanics.  Mechanics  Hall  seats  8,000  persons,  and  is  the  home  of  grand 
opera  in  Boston.  Garrison  St.  leads  thence  east  to  the  Mass.  College  of 
Pharmacy,  built  in  1886,  with  library,  laboratories  and  cabinets  ; and  the 
Allen  Gymnasium  for  ladies  and  children,  with  a variety  of  paraphernalia 
and  baths.  Farther  out  on  the  avenue  is  the  Elysium  Club  (No.  218),  an 
aristocratic  Jewish  social  organization,  founded  in  1871  (house  built  in 
1891).  Beyond,  one  may  see,  at  Westland  Avenue,  the  picturesque  but 
highly  practical  and  useful  Boston  Storage  Warehouse,  whose  huge  ele- 
vators carry  up  loaded  wagons,  with  any  infinite  variety  of  household 
and  other  goods  which  are  placed  in  these  fireproof  and  convenient  ware- 
houses for  safe  keeping  ; at  Parker  and  Astor  Sts.,  the  Riding  Academy, 
with  an  arena  of  165x100  feet  ; at  Gainsborough  St.,  the  Children’s 
Hospital,  a spacious  and  wisely-planned  building,  erected  in  1882,  and 
free  to  poor  children  of  from  2 to  12  years  ; and  on  Gainsborough  St.,  the 
Church  of  the  Messiah,  the  home  of  an  Episcopal  society  founded  at  the 
South  End  in  1843.  daily  prayers,  a surpliced  choir,  and  free 

seats. 

The  Christian  Scientist  Church,  dedicated  in  1895,  pertains  to  the 
pioneer  society  of  that  faith,  which  was  born  in  Boston  in  1866.  The 
church  on  Norway  St.  cost  $200,000,  and  has  some  very  curious  and 
interesting  traits. 


COPLEY-SQUARE  HOTEL,  F.  8.  RI8TEEN  & CO.,  PROPRIETOR8. 

HUNTINGTON  AVENUE,  NORTHEAST  CORNER  OF  EXETER  STREET. 


156 


King's  How  to  See  Boston,''' 

Beacon  St.,  with  almost  interminable  double  lines  of  sombre  brown- 
stone  residences,  was  built  across  the  bay  from  the  Common  to  Brook- 
line, I *4  miles,  in  1818-21,  to  serve  as  a mill-dam,  to  hold  back  at  will 
the  tidal  waters  for  factory-power,  and  also  for  a toll-road  to  the  west- 
ward. The  streets  on  either  side  of  the  ancient  mill-dam  waterway  are 
known  as  Charlesgate  East  and  Charlesgate  West ; and  on  the  former  is 
the  lofty  and  luxurious  Charlesgate,  one  of  the  finest  of  the  grand  apart- 
ment-houses for  which  the  Back  Bay  is  famous. 

Massachusetts  Avenue  (partly  old  West  Chester  Park)  is  a fine  thor- 
oughfare several  miles  long,  from  near  the  harbor,  in  Dorchester,  across 
the  South  End,  to  the  Harvard  Bridge,  a very  long  structure  (traversed 
by  street-cars)  across  the  Charles  River  from  Beacon  St.  to  Cambridge. 
Near  the  entrance  to  the  bridge,  at  Beacon  St.  and  Massachusetts  Avenue, 
is  the  Mount- Vernon  Congregational  Church,  dating  from  1892,  with 
triple-arched  portal,  rose-window,  square  tower,  and  open  timbered  roof. 
S.  E.  Herrick  is  pastor. 

The  Back- Bay  District  was  gained  from  the  salt-water  tides  by  filling 
in,  mainly  between  1857  and  1887,  the  land-sales  giving  the  State  a profit  of 
$3, 500, 000  above  costs.  The  street-plan  was  designed  by  Arthur  Gilman, 
the  architect.  It  is  one  of  the  finest  residence-quarters  in  the  world,  show- 
ing an  edifying  variety  of  architecture  and  materials,  careful  and  delicate 
detail  work,  wrought  iron,  tiles,  stained  glass  and  fine  carvings.  The  grand 
residences  include  the  gray-brick  house  of  John  E.  Andrew,  the  War- 
Governor’s  son,  at  Commonwealth  Avenue  and  Fairfield  St.  ; the  Proctor 
house,  at  273  Commonwealth  Avenue  ; and  the  browm-stone  Renaissance 
house  of  ex-Gov.  Ames,  at  Commonwealth  and  Massachusetts  Avenues. 
Hundreds  of  these  beautiful  homes  on  the  spacious,  sunny,  airy  and 
quiet  street  may  well  be  observed  with  care.  Many  of  these  houses  and 
churches  (especially  Emmanuel,  Trinity,  the  First  Baptist,  the  Art  Club, 
and  “doctors’  row,”  on  Boylston  St.)  are  richly  adorned  with  Boston 
ivy  {ainphelopsis  Veitchii),  a hardy  Japanese  climbing  plant  introduced 
here  about  1870. 

The  Back- Bay  Fens,  formed  at  a cost  of  nearly  $3,000,000,  is  a 
unique  park  of  100  acres,  reproducing  a sea-coast  creek  and  shore,  with 
sedgy  banks,  meadows,  clumps  of  trees  and  shrubbery,  fine  bridges,  and 
magnificent  driveways,  amid  the  highly  artificial  and  finished  surround- 
ings of  a splendid  metropolis.  Across  this  quaint  plaisance  appear  the 
spires  and  towers  of  Longwood,  Brookline  and  Cambridge,  the  house- 
crowned  crest  of  Corey  Hill,  and  the  remote  blue  hills  of  Middlesex. 
The  Fens  is  the  beginning  of  an  unbroken  series  of  parks  and  parkways, 
extending  south  several  miles  to  the  great  Franklin  Park,  and  thence  to 
be  prolonged  by  the  Strand  way,  etc.,  to  the  Marine  Park  on  the  seaward 
point  of  South  Boston.  These  City  Parks  will  no  doubt  be  connected  at 
various  points  by  grand  boulevards  with  the  whole  Metropolitan  Park 
System.  Street-cars  from  Charlesgate,  or  Harvard  Bridge,  soon  lead 
back  to  the  busy  Tremont-St.  side  of  the  Common. 


148  King's  How  to  See  Boston^  9 

roof,  and  the  rich  stained-glass  windows,  the  shepherds  of  Bethlehem  « 

(east),  the  five  parables  (south),  and  the  five  miracles  (north).  The  j 

chapel  and  parsonage  adjoin  the  church,  on  the  west.  Geo.  A.  Gordon  \ 

has  been  pastor  since  1 884. 

On  Boylston  St.  in  the  block  east  of  the  Old  South  is  the  Chauncy-  ^ 

Hall  School,  the  leading  private  school  in  Boston,  founded  in  1828,  where 
Parkman,  Ellis,  Weiss  and  other  famous  men  studied.  Adjoining  on  the 
east  is  the  Second  Church,  of  brownstone,  built  in  1874  for  a Congrega- 
tional parish  founded  at  the  North  End,  and  Unitarian  for  nearly  a 
century  past,  and  among  whose  pastors  were  the  three  Mathers,  Ralph 
Waldo  Emerson,  R.  L.  Collier,  and  E.  A.  Horton. 

The  Boston  Art  Club,  immediately  north  of  the  Old  South,  at  Dart- 
mouth and  Newbury  Sts.,  founded  in  1854,  in  1882  opened  an  artistic 
Romanesque  house,  with  rich  decorations,  and  a fine  art-gallery  wherein  ! 

public  exhibitions  are  frequent.  Just  opposite  rises  the  battlemented 
front  of  the  Hotel  Victoria,  a fashionable  European-plan  house,  whose 
cafe  is  sometimes  called  “the  Delmonico’s  of  Boston.” 

Commonwealth  Avenue,  the  handsomest  thoroughfare  in  America, 
runs  from  the  Public  Garden  to  and  across  the  Back-Bay  Fens,  and 
thence  by  Chestnut  Hill  across  Brookline  and  Newton  to  Auburndale. 

It  is  240  feet  wide,  from  house  to  house,  the  middle  being  occupied  by  a 
continuous  mall,  with  lawns  and  trees,  paths  and  seats.  The  mall  con-  J 

tains  : near  Arlington  St.,  Dr.  Rimmer’s  granite  statue  of  Alexander 
Hamilton,  given  by  T.  Lee  in  1865  ; near  the  First  Baptist  Church, 
Milmore’s  heroic  bronze  statue  of  Gen.  Glover,  of  the  Marblehead  Con- 
tinental Regiment,  given  by  B.  T.  Reed  in  1875  > seated  Garrison 
statue  ; and,  at  the  entrance  to  the  Fens,  Anne  Whitney’s  heroic  and  ideal 
bronze  statue  of  Leif  Ericsson,  the  Norse  Viking,  who  is  by  some  sup- 
posed to  have  sailed  from  Iceland  and  landed  in  Massachusetts,  A.  D.  1000. 

The  sturdy  young  sea-king  wears  a casque,  a shirt  of  mail,  and  sandals. 

There  is  a galley-prow  pedestal  ; and  reliefs,  showing  Leifs  landing, 
and  his  narrating  his  discoveries  to  friends  in  a Norse  banquet-hall. 

The  First  Baptist  Church,  a massive  and  fortress-like  Roxbury-stone 
edifice,  at  Commonwealth  Avenue  and  Clarendon  St.,  was  built  in  1873, 
by  H.  H.  Richardson,  for  the  Brattle-square  Unitarian  Society  (founded 
1699  ; dissolved  1876),  and  in  1882  was  acquired  by  the  First  Baptist  : 

society  (founded  in  1665).  Its  chief  feature  is  the  majestic  bell-tower, 

176  feet  high,  with  an  upper  belt  of  colossal  sculptures  designed  by 
Bartholdy,  and  representing  Baptism,  Communion,  Marriage,  and  Death, 
with  the  angels  of  the  judgment  at  the  angles  blowing  golden  trumpets. 

The  interior  has  rose-windows  and  a basilica  roof.  The  tower  is  so 
beautiful  that  a number  of  gentlemen  bought  the  empty  church  in  1881, 
with  the  idea  of  tearing  down  the  main  building  and  replacing  it  with  a 
little  park,  out  of  which  the  tower  should  rise  alone,  like  an  Italian  cam- 
panile. Among  the  First  Baptist  pastors  were  Stillman,  Neale  (1847-77), 

Wayland  and  Moxom. 


MARLBOROUGH  AVE 


BOSTON’S  PARK  SYSTEM. 


BEACON  HILL  AND  THE  WEST  END. 

Beacon  hill  has  no  street-cars,  and  may  comfortably  be  traversed 
on  foot,  ascending  Beacon  St.  from  Tremont,  or  Pemberton  Square 
from  Scollay  Square.  At  Beacon  and  Somerset  Sts.  rises  the  faced-granite 
building  erected  about  1815  for  a dwelling,  afterwards  occupied  by  the 
Somerset  Club  (1852-72),  and  since  1873  the  Congregational  House, 
“the  Vatican  of  Congregationalism,”  the  headquarters  of  various  power- 
ful Puritan  societies.  The  A.  B.  C.  F.  M.  museum  is  well  worth  seeing, 
with  its  obsolete  gods;  and  the  handsome  library  hall,  with  its  30,000 
books,  and  180,000  pamphlets.  The  Co7igregationalist  and  The  Literary 
World  are  published  here.  The  American  Peace  Society,  founded  in 
1828,  from  this  corner  fights  against  wars.  The  American  Board  of 
Commissioners  for  Foreign  Missions,  with  its  main  offices  here,  since 
1812  has  sent  out  800  consecrated  men  to  all  parts  of  the  earth,  and 
established  thousands  of  churches  and  schools,  and  powerful  native 
ministries.  Roberts  Bros.’  publishing  house  is  at  3 Somerset  St.  The 
noted  school-book  publishers,  Ginn  & Co.,  have  their  headquarters  at 
Nos.  7-13  Tremont  Place,  close  to  the  Granary  Burial-Ground. 

Boston  University,  down  Somerset  St.,  is  the  headquarters  of  a co- 
educational Methodist  institution,  founded  in  1869,  with  medical  and 
musical  schools  at  the  South  End,  theological  and  liberal-arts  schools. 


EMANCIPATION  STATUE. 


PROVIDENCE  STATION. 


PARK  SQUARE,  COLUMBUS  AVENUE  AND  PROVIDENCE  STREET. 


159 


King's  How  to  See  Boston,^'* 

and  a law-school  (with  340  students)  close  by,  at  10  Ashburton  Place. 
The  University  has  1,300  students,  and  assets  of  ^1,600,000.  W.  F. 
Warren  is  president.  On  the  Somerset  site  stood  Dr.  Neale’s  First  Bap- 
tist Church,  whose  sharp,  slender  and  conspicuous  spire  won  for  it  the 
popular  name  of  “The  Church  of  the  Holy  Toothpick.”  Just  beyond, 
in  Ashburton  Place,  stands  the  old  Mount-Vernon  Church  (now  aban- 
doned), where  Dr.  E.  N.  Kirk  preached  from  1842  to  1874,  and  D.  L, 
Moody  was  converted.  Farther  down,  at  No.  18  Somerset  St.  (the  Court 
House  is  on  the  right)  stands  the  building  of  the  New-England  Historic 
Genealogical  Society,  incorporated  in  1845,  '^'"bose  library  of  24,000  vol- 
umes is  open  daily  from  nine  to  five  to  persons  interested  in  antiquarian 
studies. 

The  Boston  Athenaeum,  at  10^  Beacon  St.,  is  a beautiful  and  spacious 
Palladian  building,  erected,  of  Paterson  brownstone,  in  1847-49,  for  a 
literary  society  incorporated  in  1807,  and  now 
owning  this  costly  place  and  its  library  of  180,000 
books,  and  many  precious  paintings  and  sculp- 
tures. There  are  about  1,000  share-holders,  whose 
families  may  draw  out  books  ; and  although  it  is 
not  a public  library,  scholars  and  strangers  are 
courteously  welcome  to  inspect  the  rooms,  and 
sometimes  to  read  and  study  here  (except  in  the 
newspaper-room).  The  main  hall,  on  the  second 
floor,  looking  out  on  the  trees  of  the  Granary 
Burial-Ground,  is  a delightful  place  for  read- 
ing and  contemplation.  The  library  of  George 
Washington  is  preserved  in  this  building. 
The  librarian  is  Wm.  C.  Lane.  Here, 
also,  are  the  rooms  and  library  of  the 
American  Academy  of  Arts  and  Sciences, 
a world-renowned  society  of  scholars, 
founded  in  1780,  with  members  all  over 
the  country.  Among  them  were  Frank- 
lin, Bowdoin,  Hancock  and  John  Adams. 
Opposite,  a narrow  alley  leads  behind  the  lofty  Bellevue  (formerly  Dio 
Lewis’s)  hotel  to  the  Freeman-Place  Chapel,  built  half  a century  ago  by 
James  Freeman  Clarke’s  church,  and  now  the  unique  book-store  of 
Charles  C.  Soule. 

The  Unitarian  Building,  at  25  Beacon  St.,  corner  of  Bowdoin,  dates 
from  1886,  and  is  a fine  specimen  of  massive  Roman-palace  architecture, 
in  rusticated  brownstone.  It  is  the  headquarters  of  the  chief  Unitarian 
societies  in  America.  Here  stood  Gov.  Bowdoin’s  mansion,  and  Bur- 
goyne’s  headquarters.  Bowdoin  St.  leads  in  a few  steps  from  Beacon  St. 
to  Dr.  Reed’s  New- Jerusalem  Church,  built  in  1845,  '''^th  a fine  Gothic 
interior  and  memorial  window ; and  then  descends  the  hill  to  the  Mission 
Church  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  a grim  granite  battlemented  structure, 


LINCOLN,  OR  EMANCIPATION  STATUE, 
PARK  SQUARE. 


BEACON  STREET,  PUBLIC  GARDEN  AND  BACK  BAY  DISTRICT 

VIEW  LOOKING  SOUTHWEST  FROM  THE  STATE  HOUSE. 


i62 


King's  How  to  See  Bos  tony 

built  for  Dr.  Lyman  Beecher’s  Congregationalists,  and  now  for  many 
years  owned  and  occupied  by  the  English  Episcopal  “Cowley  Fathers,” 
who  go  about  the  streets  in  long  black  robes,  and  do  a vast  amount  of 
good  among  the  poor — and  the  rich.  Their  frequent  services  are  High 
Anglican.  Father  Hall,  the  Bishop  of  Vermont,  was  rector  here.  The 
General  Theological  Library,  an  unsectarian  collection  of  20,000  volumes, 
founded  in  i860,  is  at  53  Mount-Vernon  St.,  not  far  from  the  State  House. 
It  is  largely  used  by  country  ministers,  who  may  take  books  home. 

The  State  House  occupies  the  terraced  crest  of  Beacon  Hill,  facing 
the  Common.  It  was  built  in  Sam.  Adams’s  governorship,  in  1795-98, 
on  John  Hancock’s  cow-pasture  (bought  for  $4,000),  with  Bulfinch  as 
architect.  Crowning  the  highest  point  of  Old  Boston,  it  is  a very  noble 
landmark  from  distant  points  on  sea  and  land.  The  high  dome  was 
covered  in  1874  with  sheets  of  pure  gold-leaf  (renewed  since),  and  may 
thus  be  recognized,  shining  brightly,  from  leagues  away  in  the  coast  and 
rural  counties.  Many  people  ascend  to  the  top  of  the  dome,  which  com- 
mands an  incomparable  view  of  the  island-studded  harbor  and  blue  sea, 
the  city  and  suburbs,  and  the  far-away  mountains,  Wachusett,  Monad- 
nock,  etc.  Dr.  Holmes  has  said  : “Boston  State  House  is  the  Hub  of 
the  solar  system.”  The  new  State-House  Extension,  much  larger  than 
the  original  building,  and  of  finer  materials,  but  similar  architecture, 
stretches  northward.  It  was  built  in  1890-95,  at  a cost  (with  land)  of 
$5,000,000,  with  fine  marble  colonnades,  and  a central  courtyard.  The 
chief  feature  is  the  Representatives’  Hall,  in  Italian  Renaissance  archi- 
tecture, elliptical,  with  mahogany  finish,  Corinthian  columns,  a domed 
ceiling  of  glass,  frescoes  by  Frank  Hill  Smith,  and  the  famous  wooden 
codfisn,  five  feet  long,  hung  up  in  1784,  in  the  place  of  one  placed  in  the 
Representatives’  Hall  before  1730.  The  fish  is  emblematic  of  one  of  the 
chief  sources  of  the  wealth  of  Massachusetts.  The  State  Library,  of 
90,000  volumes,  has  a spacious  reading-room,  whose  balcony  overlooks 
the  crowded  northern  suburbs.  This  was  the  first  State  library  in 
America.  It  contains  some  interesting  portraits.  The  book-shelves  are 
of  steel.  The  entrance-halls  are  noble  in  aspect  ; and  the  stair-rails  show 
some  fine  work  in  wrought  iron.  Here  may  be  seen  nearly  300  flags  of 
the  State  troops  in  the  War  for  the  Union,  very  sacredly  guarded  ; Sir 
Francis  Chantrey’s  esteemed  statue  of  Washington,  set  up  in  1828  ; Ball’s 
excellent  portrait-statue  of  John  A.  Andrew,  the  War  Governor,  erected 
in  1871,  at  a cost  of  $io,cx)o;  busts  of  Washington,  Lincoln,  Sumner, 
and  Vice-President  Wilson  ; the  venerable  portraits  of  dignitaries,  in  the 
handsome  old-fashioned  Senate  Chamber  ; weapons  and  trophies  from 
Lexington  and  Bennington  ; and  other  interesting  pictures  and  antiquities. 
On  the  outside  terrace  stands  Powers’s  statue  of  Webster,  given  by  popu- 
lar subscription  in  i860,  and  Emma  Stebbins’s  statue  of  Horace  Mann, 
the  educator,  given  by  the  school-children  in  1869.  In  the  grounds  was 
the  site  of  the  Beacon  (from  1634  to  1789),  an  iron  cage  filled  with  com- 
bustibles, whose  firing  would  alarm  the  distant  towns,  and  call  out  their 


King's  ^^Hozu  to  See  Boston.''' 

; stood  just  east  of  the  middle  of  the  Extension,  on  the  old 
St.,  where  Sentry  Hill  rose  then  8o  feet  above  the  present 
: same  Beacon- Hill  ridge  had  two  other  sharp  peaks.  Cotton 
feet  over  Pemberton  Square,  and  Mount  Vernon,  where  Louis- 
^uare  is.  This  three-spired  ridge  was  the  ancient  Tri?no7ttaine,  or 
^Tra77iount. 

On  Beacon  St.,  just  west  of  the  State  House,  a tablet  on  the  fence  before 
two  pretentious  brownstone  dwellings  marks  the  site  of  the  gardens  and 
the  splendid  and  hospitable  home  of  John  Han- 
cock, built  in  1737  and  torn  down  in  1863,  in  the 
face  of  a storm  of  popular  dissent. 

The  Diocesan  House,  at  Beacon  and  Joy  Sts.,  the 
headquarters  of  Mass.  Episcopalianism,  was  dedi- 
cated in  1892,  and  has  the  offices  of  several  im- 
portant societies  and  the  archives  of  the  diocese. 

At  Beacon  and  Walnut  Sts.,  Wendell  Phillips 
was  born,  in  the  then  out-of-town  house  of  his 
father,  Boston’s  first  mayor,  afterwards  occupied  by 
Eieut-Gov.  T.  L.  Winthrop,  father  of  R.  C.  Win- 
throp.  Motley  lived  on  Walnut  St. 

The  Somerset  Club,  the  most  aristocratic  and 
exclusive  in  Boston,  has  since  1872  occupied  the 
ivy-clad,  double  swell-front, 
white  stone  house  at  42  Bea- 
con St.,  built  by  David  Sears 
for  his  home.  It  is  on  the 
site  of  the  far-viewing  house 
of  J.  S.  Copley,  the  famous 
portrait-painter,  who  owned 
1 1 acres  hereabouts,  and  sold 
the  property  for  $18,550. 

Copley,  though  a patriot, 
moved  to  England  in  1774 
and  died  in  1813;  and  his 
son  (born  here)  became  Lord 
Lyndhurst,  one  of  the  noblest 
chancellors  of  Great  Britain. 

Harrison  Gray  Otis  lived  in 
the  double  house  next  west  of 
the  Sears  house  ; and  Judge  Cushing  next  east.  The  Puritan  Club,  founded 
in  1884,  in  1889  occupied  the  old  Amory  mansion  at  Beacon  and  Spruce 
Sts.;  and  is  made  up  of  young  professional  men.  At  55  Beacon  St., 
not  far  from  Charles  St.,  a double  swell-front,  with  balconies  on  pillars, 
William  H.  Prescott  the  historian  dwelt  in  1845-59,  and  wote  The  Co7i~ 
quest  of  Peru  and  Philip  //,  while  nearly  blind.  It  was  here  that  he 
died. 


CENTRAL  CONGREGATIONAL  CHURCH,  BERKELEY  AND 
NEWBURY  STREETS. 


King's  How  to  See  Boston,"''' 


165 


The  six  blocks  of  Beacon  St.  west  of  the  State  House  face  on  the  grand 
Beacon-St.  Mall  of  Boston  Common,  planted  from  funds  left  over  after 
fortifying  the  harbor  in  1812. 

Charles  St.  (with  cars),  running  north  from  the  foot  of  Beacon  St.  to 
the  West  End,  was  reclaimed  from  the  water.  Here  stands  James  T. 
Fields’s  house  (No.  148),  inhabited  by  his  widow,  with  whom  Sarah 
Orne  Jewett  often  dwells  ; and  Aldrich  long  abode  near  by. 

Chestnut  St.,  crossing  Charles  St.,  is  a venerable  way,  leading  up  the 
hill,  by  the  R.  H.  Dana  (No.  43),  Parkman  (No.  50),  Bartol  (No.  17), 
Edwin  Booth,  and  Bishop- 
Paddock  houses ; and  also 
along  the  riverward  levels  to 
the  left  (because  of  its  many 
stables,  there  called  Horse- 
Chestnut  St.)  to  the  com- 
modious Swiss  house  and 
floats  of  the  Union  Boat 
Club,  founded  in  1851,  and 
including  150  amateur  oars- 
men. The  swell  colored  peo- 
ple’s church  of  Boston  be- 
gan in  1836,  and  in  1877 
bought  from  the  white  Bap- 
tists the  venerable  Charles- 
Street  Church,  which  it  now 
occupies,  with  400  Methodist 
communicants.  The  Home 
for  Aged  Women,  founded 
in  1849,  is  an  excellent  insti- 
tution, at  108  Revere  St. 

Mount- Vernon  St.,  from 
Charles  St.,  climbs  Beacon 
Hill  to  the  State  House,  past 
scores  of  ancient  mansions, 
embowered  among  gardens 
and  trees.  Here  dwelt  Chan- 
ning,  Aldrich,  Webster,  C. 

F.  Adams,  Gov.  Claflin,  Jus- 
tice Gray,  Margaret  Deland, 
and  Anne  Whitney.  At  the 
corner  of  West  Cedar  St.  is  the  home  and  unique  library  of  the  Harvard 
Musical  Association,  founded  in  1837,  and  formerly  famous  for  its  sym- 
phony concerts,  as  well  as  for  planning  the  erection  of  Music  Hall.  The 
Boston-University  School  of  Theology  occupies  the  fine  building  at  72 
Mount- Vernon  St.  It  is  the  oldest  Methodist  theological  institution  in 
America,  having  been  founded  in  1847. 


FIRST  CHURCH  (UNITARIAN)  BERKELEY  AND 
MARLBOROUGH  STREETS. 


i66 


Kin^s  How  to  See  Bo  stony 

Louisburg  Square  was  laid  out  in  1834,  where  Blackstone’s  spring 
flowed  two  centuries  before.  In  this  quaint  old  enclosure  stand  little 
Italian  marble  statues  of  Aristides  and  Columbus,  presented  by  lasigi, 
the  Turkish  consul,  in  1849-52.  At  the  Pinckney-St.  corner  is  the  house 
and  hospital  of  the  Episcopal  Sisterhood  of  St.  Margaret,  with  a fine 
chapel.  Whipple,  the  essayist,  lived  at  1 1 Pinckney  St. 

The  Church  of  the  Advent,  at  Mount  Vernon  and  Brimmer  Sts.,  near 
Charles  River,  was  built  in  1878-83,  for  an  Episcopal  parish  founded  in 
1844,  in  accord  with  the  Puseyite  doctrines  of  the  Anglo-Catholic  re- 
vival, and  mainly  for  active  free-church  work  among  the  poor.  It  is  the 
foremost  High  church  in  the  city,  with  many  ceremonial  services,  and 
superb  music  by  a large  surpliced  male  choir  (aided  by  Symphony- 


MASS.  INSTITUTE  OF  TECHNOLOGY,  BOYLSTON  STREET,  EAST  OF  CLARENDON  STREET. 


Orchestra  artists  at  festivals,  in  Gounod’s  and  other  mass-music).  The 
church  and  chapel  walls  inside  are  of  brick  and  stone  ; the  lofty  rood- 
screen  of  wrought  iron ; and  the  storied  windows  of  imported  stained 
glass.  The  reredos  is  a very  beautiful  work,  presented  in  1890.  Father 
Grafton,  now  Bishop  of  Fond  du  Lac,  held  the  rectorate  for  many  years. 

The  Mass.  Charitable  Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary,  at  176  Charles  St.,  was 
founded  in  1824,  and  has  done  a world  of  good,  with  State  aid  and  private 
munificence. 

Cambridge  St.  is  a long  and  heterogeneous  thoroughfare,  from  the 
bridge  leading  to  Cambridge  (traversed  by  street-cars)  back  east  to  Bow- 
doin  Square.  Charlesbank  includes  the  shore  from  this  bridge  to 
Craigie’s  Bridge,  and  is  a charming  water-side  park  for  the  crowded  poor 


King's  How  to  See  Bostoji.""  167 

region  adjacent,  with  trees  and  shrubberies,  walks  and  lawns,  seats  and 
landings,  and  admirable  public  gymnasiums  for  men  and  women,  and 
children’s  playgrounds  and  sandcourts.  Back  of  Charles  St.  rise  the  cold 
gray  walls  of  the  Suffolk-County  Jail,  built  in  1851,  at  a cc  c of  $450,000. 
Each  cell-floor  is  a single  block  of  stone,  and  so  is  eac.i  roof.  It  is  a 
place  of  detention,  of  short-term  confinements,  and  (rarely)  of  executions. 
Northeast,  at  the  foot  of  North  Grove  St.,  is  the  Harvard  Dental  School, 
where  Prof.  Webster  murdered  Dr.  Parkman,  in  1849. 

Just  north,  with  entrance  on  Blossom  St.,  are  the  spacious  tree-shaded 
grounds  and  dignified  classic  buildings  and  modern  pavilions  of  the  Mass. 
General  Hospital,  founded  in  1 799,  for  the  treatment  (free,  if  needful)  of 

American  or  Canadian  sick  persons, 
without  infectious  or  chronic  dis- 
eases. This  institution  is  very 
wealthy,  and  employs  the  most 
eminent  doctors.  It  has  nurse- 
schools;  and  (at  Waverly)  a Con- 
valescents’ Home  and  the  McLean 
Asylum  for  the  Insane. 

It  is  well  to  take  the  street-cars 
from  the  Cambridge  bridge  east- 
ward, because  Cambridge  St.  is 
unattractive.  As  Howells  says : 
“Gentility  fled  it  long  ago,  and 
middle-class  houses  have  fallen  to 
the  grade  of  mechanics’  lodgings.” 
On  the  south,  steep  streets  climb 
through  the  negro  quarter  up  Bea- 
con Hill.  St.  Augustine’s,  at  71 
Phillips  St.,  is  one  of  the  Cowley 
Fathers’  missions,  with  an  open 
timber  roof,  a chime  of  bells,  and  a 
surpliced  choir  of  negro  men  and 
boys.  The  Grand  Lodge  of  colored 
Masons  meets  at  20  Blossom  St. 
On  Chambers  St.,  north  of  Cam- 
bridge St.,  is  the  pretty  St.  Andrew’s  Church,  maintained  by  Trinity 
Church,  and  doing  very  useful  work. 

The  West  Church,  a quaint  edifice  at  Cambridge  and  Lynde  Sts., 
built  in  1806,  witnessed  the  Unitarian  pastorate  of  Charles  Lowell  (father 
of  the  poet)  from  1806  to  1861,  and  that  of  Cyrus  A.  Bartol  from  1837 
to  1889.  society  dissolved  in  1889,  and  the  building  was  bought  by 

the  city  in  1894,  for  a branch  library.  A church  tower  on  this  site  in 
1737  was  used  as  a signal-station,  whence  the  patriots  in  town  communi- 
cated wdth  the  Americans  at  Cambridge  during  the  siege.  The  British 
tore  it  down.  Near  by,  at  20  Hancock  St.,  dwelt  Charles  Sumner. 


1 68  King's  “ How  to  See  Boston.'''' 

Bowdoin  Square,  once  embowered  in  trees,  and  the  centre  of  rich  gar- 
dens and  estates  of  grand  families,  is  now  the  crowded  and  noisy  meet- 
ing-point of  the  Cambridge  and  other  street-cars,  and  the  Rialto  of  an 
overcrowded  cosmopolitan  district.  The  Revere  House,  built  in  1847, 
and  opened  by  Paran  Stevens,  in  its  early  period,  had  among  its  guests 
Presidents  Fillmore,  Pierce,  Johnson  and  Grant,  Gens.  Sherman  and 
Sheridan,  Dom  Pedro,  Alexis,  Wales,  Kalakaua,  Webster,  Parepa,  Patti, 
Jenny  Lind  and  Nilsson.  Back  of  it  is  the  armory  of  the  National  Lan- 
cers, a famous  and  brilliantly  equipped  old  cavalry  corps  (organized  in 


BOSTON  ART  CLUB,  DARTMOUTH  AND  NEWBURY  STREETS. 


1836)  of  the  M.  V.  M.,  whose  pennon-bearing  lances  make  a brave  show 
when  they  escort  the  Governor  to  the  Harvard  Commencement  every 
June.  William  Warren  and  Walt  Whitman  dwelt  on  Bulfinch  Place. 
The  Central  Charity  Bureau,  on  Chardon  St.,  just  north  of  Bowdoin 
Square,  has  three  large  brick  buildings,  the  headquarters  of  the  muni- 
cipal, Associated,  and  many  private  charities.  Opposite  the  Revere  is 
the  Baptist  Tabernacle,  a gloomy  and  heavy-towered  granite  building, 
erected  in  1840,  before  whose  doors  occurred  the  Elder-Knapp  riots, 
when  the  Lancers  in  mounted  squadrons  had  to  clear  the  streets.  At  No. 
I is  the  Bowdoin- Square  Theatre,  opened  in  1892,  with  a large  stage  and 
an  ivory-and-gold  auditorium.  It  is  but  a short  walk  to  Scollay  Square. 


THE  SOUTH  END. 

STREET-CARS  from  Scollay  Square  and  other  points  are  continually 
flitting  away  to  the  vast  residence-district  of  the  South  End,  and 
across  it  to  Roxbury  and  Dorchester.  The  chief  objects  accessible  from 
each  of  the  three  main  arteries,  Columbus  Avenue,  Tremont  St.  and 
Washington  St.,  will  be  narrated  so  as  to  suit  any  trip.  Nearly  all  the 
South  End  is  made  land.  The  South  Bay,  making  in  from  the  harbor, 
and  the  Back  Bay,  an  expansion  of  Charles  River,  nearly  islanded  the 
Boston  hills,  which  were  connected  with  the  main  land  only  by  a narrow 
neck  a mile  long,  as  Nahant  is.  At  full  tides,  the  salt  water  overflowed 
the  highway,  up  to  the  knees  of  the  passing  horses.  If  vessels  laid  up  to 
the  shore  on  either  side,  their  bowsprits  nearly  closed  the  country  road. 
The  Neck  began  at  Beach  St.,  and  reached  its  narrowest  point  at  Dover 
St.  In  1631  a detachment  of  Puritan  men-at-arms  was  placed  here  on 
guard,  to  keep  the  Indians  away  ; and  the  barrier-gates  were  closed  at 
evening,  so  that  no  one  could  go  in  or  out.  In  1710,  a heavier  defence 
was  erected,  with  powerful  guns,  just  south  of  Dover  St.  In  1774,  the 
British  garrison  strengthened  and  augmented  these  works  with  redans, 
bastions,  abattis,  ponderous  gates,  drawbridges,  a deep  tide-water  moat, 
and  the  59th  Regiment  on  guard.  The  Green-Store  Battery,  on  the  site  of 
the  Grand  Museum,  at  Dover  St.,  mounted  23  cannon  ; and  the  advanced 
works  near  Canton  St.  had  26  guns  and  several  mortars,  with  floating 
batteries  covering  the  water -approaches.  Showers  of  shot  poured  for 


COMMONWEALTH  AVENUE,  EASTWARD  FROM  THE  VENDOME. 


169 


1 70  King's  “ How  to  See  Boston.''^ 

months  from  these  ramparts  upon  Roxbury  ; and  many  daring  deeds  of 
war  were  done  between  the  Royal  fortress,  where  Lord  Percy  commanded, 
and  the  American  intrenchments,  the  famous  Roxbury  Lines,  near  Lenox 
St.  The  American  advanced  post  was  at  the  George  Tavern,  on  the  site  of 
Washington  Market  ; the  British  at  Brown’s  farm,  just  south  of  Black- 
stone  Square.  Afterwards,  the  Neck  was  a favorite  place  for  sportsmen, 


COMMONWEALTH  AVENUE,  WESTWARD  FROM  THE  VENDOME. 

in  search  of  sea-birds  ; and  Puritan  guards  were  placed  on  duty  to  pre- 
vent their  shooting  on  Sunday.  In  1794,  there  were  fewer  than  a score  of 
buildings  between  Dover  St.  and  Roxbury  ; and  in  1800,  only  two  between 
the  Cathedral  and  Roxbury.  After  1850  the  flats  were  filled  up,  and  the 
convenient  street-railways  soon  made  this  the  favorite  residence-district. 
Later,  Fashion  led  the  way  to  the  newly  filled  Back  Bay,  where  (and  in 
Brookline  and  Milton)  most  of  the  swells  and  many  rich  persons  now 
dwell.  The  South  End  is  a broad  and  quiet  region  of  pleasant  homes, 
including  miles  of  ivy-clad  swell-fronts,  and  dotted  with  pleasant  little 
parks,  important  churches  and  hotels,  and  many  neighborhood  retail 
stores. 

Columbus  Avenue  (with  street-cars)  runs  from  Park  Square  and  Bos- 
ton Common  nearly  to  Roxbury,  and  is  being  prolonged  to  Franklin 
Park.  It  is  a noble  straight  street,  80  feet  wide,  paved  with  asphalt,  and 
lined  with  blocks  of  handsome  houses,  diversified  in  material  and  archi- 
tecture, and  tall  apartment-hotels.  Many  boarding-houses  are  found 
here.  Going  up,  the  Providence  freight-houses  occupy  the  right ; and  on 


PROVIDENCE  STATION  ; NEW  YORK,  NEW  HAVEN  & HARTFORD  RAILROAD^ 

PARK  SQUARE,  AT  THE  BEGINNING  OF  COLUMBUS  AVENUE. 


172  King's  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston.  ” 

the  other  side  rises  the  long  castellated  granite  armory  of  the  First  Corps 
of  Cadets,  M.  V.  M.,  an  aristocratic  four-company  battalion  of  first- 
families  young  men,  organized  in  1741,  and  once  commanded  by  John 
Hancock.  It  fought  in  the  Rhode-Island  campaign  of  1778;  and  fur- 
nished hundreds  of  officers  in  the  War  for  the  Union. 

Berkeley  St.,  from  the  South  End  to  the  Back  Bay,  has  its  four 
Columbus- Avenue  corners  well  occupied  : one  by  the  Hoffman  House 
(apartments);  another  by  the  People’s  Church,  a Methodist  institution, 


JOHN  GLOVER.  — COMMONWEALTH  AVENUE.  — ALEXANDER  HAMILTON. 

built  in  1879-84,  and  giving  free  seats  to  over  3,000  persons  ; a third  by 
the  First  Presbyterian  Church,  with  its  spire ; and  the  fourth  by  The 
Youth's  Companion.,  an  immense  and  impressive  brownstone  building, 
erected  in  1892  exclusively  for  its  own  use.  This  journal  was  founded  in 
1827,  by  the  father  of  N.  P.  Willis  and  Fanny  Fern  ; and  has  had  among 
its  contributors  Whittier  and  Parkman,  Howells  and  Trowbridge,  Lords 
Lome  and  Lytton,  Froude  and  Muller,  Lubbock  and  Black,  and  virtu- 
ally the  whole  list  of  noted  authors  of  our  time.  It  is  the  foremost 
family  literary  paper  in  the  world,  with  a circulation  exceeding  540,000 
copies.  The  adjacent  beautiful  white  marble  building  was  erected  for  the 
Pope  Manufacturing  Co.’s  immense  bicycle  trade,  which  extends  all  over 
the  world.  Bicycling  was  first  practically  brought  into  America  by  Col. 
Albert  A.  Pope,  of  Boston,  as  recently  as  1877,  and  the  enormous 


POPE  BUILDING,  POPE  MANUFACTURING  CO.,  <<  COLUMBIA  CYCLES. 

COLUMBUS  AVENUE,  WEST  SIDE,  BETWEEN  BERKELEY  AND  CLARENDON  STREETS. 


Kmg's  How  to  See  Boston.'''' 


development  of  this  ubiquitous  and  indispensable  means  of  locomotion  is 
due  to  the  able  and  energetic  methods  which  he  inaugurated. 

The  Second  Universalist  Church,  on  Columbus  Avenue  and  Claren- 
don St.,  just  beyond  the  Albany- Railroad  bridge  and  station,  is  a high- 
spired  stone  building,  with  rich  stained-glass  windows.  Hosea  Ballou 
(from  1817  to  1852)  and  E.  H.  Chapin  were  pastors  of  this  church  ; and 
A.  A.  Miner  has  held  the 
office  since  1848. 

At  Columbus  Avenue  and 
Dartmouth  St.  is  \Vm.  J. 

Conklin’s  apothecary  store,  a 
widely  known  pharmacy 
which  supplies  drugs,  medi- 
cines and  toilet  articles  to 
the  thousands  of  neighboring 
families.  The  furnishings 
and  fittings  are  said  to  be  the 
most  elaborate  and  costly  of 
any  drug  store  in  this  city. 

Dartmouth  St.  leads  on 
the  left  to  the  Normal  and 
Rice  Training  School,  where 
the  Boston  school-teachers 
are  educated  ; and  on  the 
right  past  the  Reformed 
Episcopal  Church  (built  in 
1882-83)  to  Copley  Square. 

West  Canton  St.  leads 
left  to  the  Warren-Avenue 
Baptist  Church,  built  in  1865, 
for  a society  founded  in 
Baldwin  Place,  at  the  North 
End,  in  1743.  Baron  Stow 
and  G.  F.  Pentecost  were 
pastors  here.  The  Church  of  the  Disciples,  just  off  Columbus  Avenue, 
on  Warren  Avenue,  was  founded  in  1841,  as  a free  and  social  Unitarian 
society,  in  which  the  members  should  take  active  part.  This  brick  build- 
ing, eccentric  in  shape,  dates  from  1869.  James  Freeman  Clarke  held 
the  pastorate  in  1841-88  ; C.  G.  Ames,  since. 

The  Union  Church,  at  Columbus  Avenue  and  West  Newton  St.,  is  a very 
picturesque  ivy-clad  building,  of  Roxbury  stone,  well-set  amid  lawns.  It 
was  founded  in  1822,  in  Essex  St.;  and  the  present  building  arose  in 
1869.  Nehemiah  Adams  was  pastor  from  1834  to  1878.  N.  Boynton  is 
pastor  now.  East  of  the  church,  on  West  Newton  St.,  is  the  Home  for 
Little  Wanderers  (formerly  in  Baldwin  Place),  an  unsectarian  institution  for 
sheltering  and  educating  homeless  children.  Farther  out,  we  cross  the 


LEIF  ERICSSON  STATUE,  BACK-BAY  PARK. 


176  King's  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston.  ” 

grand  Massachusetts  Avenue.  Just  beyond  is  the  Temple  Adath  Israel,  a 
Jewish  shrine  founded  in  1885.  Across  Northampton  St.  is  the  piano- 
factory  erected  by  the  man  who  was  once  toasted  as  “Jonas  Chickering, 
like  his  pianos,  Grand,  Square,  and  Upright.”  This  mammoth  factory 
occupies  the  whole  square  from  Columbus  Avenue  to  Tremont  St.,  and  from 
Northampton  to  Camden  Sts.  The  making  of  pianos  in  this  country  was 
begun  by  Jonas  Chickering,  who  was  not  only  the  pioneer,  but  by  nature 
constituted  to  found  and  develop  the  world-famous  industry  which  has 
been  continued  so  creditably  and  successfully  for  almost  three  score  and 
ten  years.  The  principle  of  producing  only  the  finest  possible  instruments 
has  made  the  Chickering  name  a household  word  in  all  civdlized  lands. 

Tremont  St.  traverses  the  South  End,  about  midway  between  Colum- 
bus Avenue  and  Washington  St.  After  leaving  the  Common  it  passes  near 

Van  Rensselaer  Place,  with 
its  French  restaurants,  the 
Hollis-St.  Theatre,  the  Chil- 
dren’s Mission  to  the  Chil- 
dren of  the  Destitute  (277 
Tremont  St.),  and  the  Y.  W. 
C.  A.  (66  Warrenton  St.). 
Just  beyond  the  crossing  of 
the  Albany  Railroad  is  the 
splendid  new  Castle-Square 
Theatre,  between  Appleton 
and  Chandler  Sts.,  opened 
in  1894.  A short  distance 
east  on  Middlesex  St.  is  the 
Turner  headquarters  and 
German  theatre;  beyond 
which  rises  the  tall  spire  of 
the  German  Catholic  Church 
of  the  Holy  Trinity,  on  Shaw- 
mut  Avenue.  The  School 
of  Veterinary  ^ledicine  of 
Harvard  University,  at  Vil- 
lage and  Lucas  Sts.,  has  an 
interesting  hospital  for  sick 
horses,  dogs  and  cattle. 

Odd-Fellows’  Hall,  at 
Tremont  and  Berkeley  Sts., 
is  a handsome  and  spacious  four-story  white-granite  structure,  erected 
in  1871-72,  and  occupied  by  encampment,  banquet  and  lodge  halls. 
Near  by  stood  the  immense  brick  Moody-and-Sankey  Tabernacle,  in 
1877. 

Berkeley  Temple  lifts  its  tall  telescopic  spire  at  Berkeley  St.  and  War- 
ren Avenue.  It  is  a Congregational  institutional  church,  busy  in  religion 


ALGONQUIN  CLUB,  217  COMMONWEALTH  AVENUE. 


178  King's  How  to  See  Boston.'^'' 

and  benevolence  every  day  of  the  week,  with  trusty  bands  of  trained 
volunteer  helpers.  The  society  was  founded  in  Pine  St.  in  1827,  and  has 
had  H.  M.  Dexter  and  W.  B.  Wright  for  pastors.  C.  A.  Dickinson  now 
leads  it. 

The  Young  Women’s  Christian  Association  has  at  40  Berkeley  St.  its 
large  and  handsome  main  house  (with  a boarding-house  for  250  on  War- 
renton  St. ),  with  hall,  gymnasium  and  library,  and  many  classes  for  indus- 
trial and  literary  instruction. 
This  powerful  society  pro- 
tects young  working-women, 
and  furnishes  them  low- 
priced  board,  and  many  com- 
forts and  entertainments. 

Paine  Memorial  Hall,  on 
Appleton  St.,  near  Tremont, 
commemorates  Thomas 
Paine,  patriot  and  infideh 
James  Lick  of  California  gave 
$i8,cxx)  towards  it.  Parker 
Memorial  Hall,  alongside,  at 
Berkeley  St.,  honors  Theo- 
dore Parker,  radical  reformer 
and  scholarly  divine,  and  be- 
longs to  the  Benevolent  Fra- 
ternity of  Churches. 

The  Clarendon- St.  Bap- 
tist Church,  with  its  brick 
spire,  is  close  at  hand,  where 
Tremont  crosses  Clarendon 
St.  It  was  founded  in  Fed- 
eral St.,  in  1827  ; and  the  late  A.  J.  Gordon  was  its  pastor  for  many  years. 

The  English  High  and  Latin  School,  next  to  the  church,*  on  Warren 
Avenue,  extending  through  to  Montgomery  St.,  is  the  largest  and  costliest 
public-school  building  in  the  world.  It  was  built  in  1877-81,  in  modern 
Renaissance  architecture,  at  a cost  of  $750,000  ; with  48  class-rooms, 
several  assembly-halls,  laboratories,  libraries,  memorial  statuary,  a 
spacious  gymnasium,  and  an  immense  and  handsome  drill-hall,  with 
Calked  thick  plank  floors  laid  on  concrete.  The  Latin  School,  founded 
in  1634,  has  the  Warren- Avenue  front  ; and  the  English  High  School, 
founded  in  1821,  has  the  Montgomery-St.  front.  Each  street-front  of 
the  great  quadrangle  includes  three  pavilions,  with  decorations  in  terra 
cotta. 

The  pleasant  Union  Park  leads  thence  to  the  Catholic  Cathedral  on 
Washington  St.,  passing  the  fashionable  Synagogue  Ohabei  Shalom 
(founded  in  1843),  occupying  the  building  which  formerly  was  E.  E. 
Hale’s  South  Church. 


ENGLISH  HIGH  AND  LATIN  SCHOOL  FOR  BOYS. 

WARREN  AVENUE  /CND  MONTGOMERY  STREET,  BETWEEN  CLARENDON  AND  DARTMOUTH  STREETS. 


i8o  King's  How  to  See  Boston,'''' 

The  Shawmut  Congregational  Church,  at  Tremont  and  Brookline  Sts. 
has  a lofty  Lombardic  clock-tower,  and  rich  interior.  The  society  dates 
from  1849  j building  from  1864.  E.B.Webb  was  pastor  in  1860-85  ; and 
W.  E.  Griffis  in  1886-93.  Brookline  St.  leads  right  to  the  Church  of  the 
Disciples  and  near  the  Warren-Avenue  Baptist  Church  ; and  left  to  the 
Every-Day  Church,  a noble  Universalist  religious,  benevolent  and  educa- 
tional institutional  society,  near  Blackstone  Square.  West  Newton  St. 
leads  right  to  the  Union  Church  and  the  Mechanics’  Fair  Building  and 
the  Back  Bay  ; and  left  to  the  radical  Unitarian  Church  of  the  Unity,  a 
gray  classic  temple,  built  in  1861,  where  M.  J.  Savage  has  been  pastor 
since  1874.  On  West  Newton  St.  is  the  Girls’  High  School  and  Girls’ 
Latin  School,  a large  brick  building  with  66  rooms,  and  a hall  adorned 
with  many  statues.  At  59  West  Newton  St.,  in  the  old  St.  Mark’s 
Church,  is  the  armory  of 
Battery  A,  Light  Artillery, 

M.  V.  M. 

The  Tremont-St.  Metho- 
dist Church,  at  West  Con- 
cord St.,  is  a handsome 
Gothic  building  of  Roxbury 
stone,  designed  by  Hammatt 
Billings,  and  erected  in  1862. 

It  has  two  spires,  and  spac- 
ious and  pleasant  grounds. 

On  Camden  St.  is  the  home 
of  the  Scots’  Charitable  So- 
ciety, founded  in  1657. 

The  Boston  B a s e - b a 1 1 
Grounds  are  entered  by  Wal- 
pole St.,  from  Tremont,  and 
attract  enormous  crowds  to 
the  match-games,  when  the 
local  club  (founded  in  1871) 
is  in  town.  Many  ladies 
watch  these  exciting  games 
from  the  grand  stand. 

Washington  St.  continues 
to  be,  as  it  has  been  for  cen- 
turies, the  main  route 
through  the  South  End.  Soon  after  leaving  Boylston  St.  it  crosses 
Eliot  St.,  up  which  the  Providence  station  appears  on  the  right  ; and 
Kneeland  St.,  on  the  left,  leading  to  the  Albany  and  Old-Colony  stations, 
and  near  the  great  Catholic  church  of  St.  James,  on  Harrison  Avenue, 
with  its  Aberdeen-granite  colonnaded  basilica  interior.  Next,  Hollis 
St.  leads  on  the  right  to  the  Hollis-St.  Theatre  ; and  Bennet'  St.  diverges 
left  to  the  central  Boston  Dispensary.  At  37  Common  St.  Wendell 


King's  How  to  See  Boston^  i8i 

Phillips  spent  his  last  years ; and  on  Warrenton  St.  is  the  Y.  W.  C.  A. 
Pleasant  St.  leads  on  the  right  to  the  Providence  station,  and  left  to  South 
Boston.  At  Washington  and  Motte  Sts.  is  the  first-class  Columbia 
Theatre,  opened  in  1891,  in  the  walls  of  the  old  Catholic  Pro-Cathe- 
dral, and  adorned  with  a Moorish  front  of  yellow  brick  and  terra  cotta. 
To  the  right  is  the  tall-spired  Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity  ; and  down 
Florence  St.  appears  the  Episcopal  Mission  Church  of  St.  Stephen.  At 
987  Washington  St.  is  the  building  erected  in  1883  for  the  Wells  Me- 
morial Working  Men’s  Club  and  Institute,  with  a casino,  English  coffee- 
house, g\’mnasium,  rooms  for  reading,  billiards,  games,  talking,  classes 
and  entertainments,  a savings-bank,  and  classes  for  drawing,  debating, 
singing  and  dramatic  art.  Each  member  pays  ^13.  year.  It  was  founded 


MASSACHUSETTS  NORMAL  ART  SCHOOL,  EXETER  AND  NEweURY  STREETS. 


by  wealthy  men,  as  a memorial  to  Father  E.  M.  P.  Wells,  for  30  years 
Episcopal  city  missionary.  The  site  of  the  ancient  ramparts  is  at  Dover 
St.,  which  runs  to  South  Boston,  across  Fort-Point  Channel.  A little 
way  beyond  is  the  Grand  Opera  House,  a spacious  and  inexpensive  popu- 
lar theatre,  built  in  1888. 

The  Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross,  at  Washington  and  Malden  Sts., 
looms  over  the  small  houses  about  it  with  sombre  and  grandiose  effect. 
It  is  the  largest  Catholic  church  in  New  England  ; and  in  size  surpasses 
most  of  the  European  cathedrals.  It  is  364  feet  long,  and  1 70  feet  wide 
at  the  transepts,  covering  over  an  acre,  with  a nave  120  feet  high.  The 
material  is  Roxbury  stone  ; and  the  style  a severe  Early  English  Gothic. 


King's  ‘ ‘ Hoiv  to  See  Boston. 


182 

The  main  spire  is  to  be  300  feet  high.  The  Cathedral  was  built  in  1867- 
75.  The  impressive  character  of  the  vast  interior,  where  lines  of  bronzed 
metal  columns  uphold  a clerestory  and  a rich  roof  of  wood  mosaics,  is 
heightened  by  many  brilliant  stained-glass  windows.  Those  in  the  tran- 
septs cover  800  sq.  ft.  each,  and  represent  the  Finding  of  the  True  Cross, 
and  the  Exaltation  of  the  Cross  by  the  Emperor  Heraclius  ; and  the 
chancel  windows,  over  the  exquisite  marble  altar,  show  forth  the 
Nativity,  Crucifixion  and  Ascension.  The  western  rose-window  is  near 
the  great  organ,  with  its  5,292  pipes.  The  beautiful  Chapel  of  the 


FIRST  SPIRITUAL  TEMPLE,  EXETER  AND  NEWBURY  STREETS. 


Blessed  Sacrament  contains  the  altar  from  the  old  Cathedral  on  Franklin 
St.  Beneath  the  nave  are  burial-vaults  for  the  hierarchy.  The  Arch- 
bishop’s (Williams)  mansion  and  offices  adjoin  the  Cathedral  on  Union- 
Park  St.  In  front  stands  Buyens’s  bronze  statue  of  Columbus,  dedi- 
cated in  1892,  a duplicate  of  one  in  San  Domingo. 

Franklin  Square  and  Blackstone  Square,  crossed  by  Washington 
St.  beyond  the  Cathedral,  cover  5 acres,  with  lawms  and  trees,  fountains. 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.'''  183 

paths  and  benches,  the  delight  of  the  dense  surrounding  populations. 
The  New-England  Conservatory  of  Music  occupies  the  former  St. -James 
Hotel,  on  Franklin  Square,  with  concert,  practice,  and  reading  rooms, 
library,  parlors,  and  boarding  accommodations  for  hundreds  of  girl- 
students.  It  has  16  separate  schools,  or  departments,  forming  a general 
college  of  culture,  with  100  instructors  and  nearly  1,700  pupils,  from  many 
countries.  Dr.  Eben  Tourjee  founded  the  Conservatory  in  1867.  South 
of  the  building  is  the  South  Burying-Ground,  established  in  1810. 

The  Church  of  the  Immaculate  Conception,  close  by,  on  Harrison  Ave., 
near  Newton  St.,  is  a fine  classic  granite  structure,  erected  by  the  Jesuits 
in  1857-61,  with  a brilliant  white  interior,  long  Ionic  colonnades,  and 
many  statues  and  paintings.  The  music  is  famed  for  high  excellence. 


PUBLIC  LIBRARY.  MEDICAL  SCHOOL.  ATHLETIC  CLUB.  COPLEY'SQUARE  HOTEL. 

HARVARD  MEDICAL  SCHOOL,  BOYLSTON  AND  EXETER  STREETS. 


Adjoining  on  the  north,  on  Harrison  Avenue,  is  the  plain  brick  Boston  Col- 
lege, a Jesuit  school  for  400  boys,  dedicated  in  i860  ; and  opposite  rises 
the  Home  for  Destitute  Catholic  Children,  conducted  by  the  Sisters  of 
Charity.  At  Concord  and  Thorn  Sts.  are  the  Mass.  Homoeopathic  Hos- 
pital (built  in  1876-9^,  the  largest  in  America)  and  the  Medical  School 
of  Boston  University  (founded  in  1873  > ^7^  students),  a group  of  commo- 
dious modern  brick  buildings,  amid  pleasant  grounds.  Across  Stoughton 
St.  rises  the  spacious  East  Armory,  built  in  1891,  and  the  headquarters 
of  the  Ninth  Regiment,  M.  V.  M.,  made  up  of  Irishmen.  It  lost  258 
men  by  death  in  the  War  for  the  Union. 


184  King's  How  to  See  Boston.'*' 

The  Boston  City  Hospital,  on  Harrison  Avenue,  at  the  foot  of  Worces- 
ter Square,  has  a handsome  Administration  Building,  with  colonnaded 
front  and  high  dome,  connected  by  corridors  with  several  spacious  pavil- 
ions, amid  pleasant  grounds.  It  is  for  sick  or  injured  Bostonians,  needing 
temporary  relief ; with  free  treatment  for  the  poor.  One  of  the  large 
detached  buildings  is  for  infectious  diseases.  This  institution  cost  nearly 
$1,000,000,  and  was  opened  in  1864.  It  employs  70  physicians.  Its 
superintendent  is  Dr.  Geo.  H.  M.  Rowe. 

The  Langham  Hotel,  at  Washington  and  Worcester  Sts.,  is  a very 
spacious  marble  house,  used  mainly  by  families,  for  long  sojourns. 

A short  distance  beyond,  Washington  St.  crosses  Massachusetts 
Avenue  (late  Chester  Park),  the  grand  route  from  Dorchester  across  the 

Back  Bay  over 
the  Harvard 
Bridge  via 
Cambridge, 
past  Harvard 
University, 
and  through 
Arlington  to 
Lexington. 
This  Avenue, 
recently  made 
b y renaming 
various  old 
streets  is 
twenty  miles 
or  more  in 
length,  with 
many  right- 
angled  turns, 
forming  one  of 

the  longest  and  most  interesting  thoroughfares  in  New  England.  Shaw- 
mut  Avenue,  almost  parallel  to  Washington  St.  and  to  the  eastward 
of  Tremont  St.,  from  which  it  branches  in  the  vicinity  of  Hollis  and 
Warrenton  Sts.,  runs  to  the  Highlands. 

This  is  a good  point  at  which  to  turn  backward  into  the  city,  walk- 
ing through  the  pleasant  old  Chester  Square  (the  Nankeen  Square  of 
Howells’s  novels)  to  Shawmut  Ave.  or  Tremont  St.  or  Columbus  Ave., 
and  returning  thereon  by  street-cars. 

Walt  Whitman  says  that  : “The  New-England  metropolis  of  to-day  may  be 
described  as  sunny,  joyous,  receptive,  full  of  ardor,  sparkling,  a certain  element 
of  yearning,  magnificently  tolerant,  yet  not  to  be  fooled,  fond  of  good  eating 
and  drinking  — costly  in  costume  as  its  purse  can  buy;  and  all  through  its  best 
average  of  houses,  streets,  people,  that  subtle  something  which  effuses  behind  the 
whirl  of  animation,  study,  business,  a happy  and  joyous  public  spirit  — makes  one 
think  of  the  glints  we  get  of  the  jolly  old  Greek  cities.’’ 


BOSTON  ATHLETIC  ASSOCIATION,  EXETER  AND  BLAGDEN  STREETS. 


BOSTON  CITY  HOSPITAL. 

HARRISON  AVENUE,  BETWEEN  CONCORD  ANp  SPRINGFIELD  STREETS,  OPPOSITE  WORCESTER  6QUAR 


186 


THE  SOUTH  END. 


THE  OLD  NORTH  END. 

This  was  an  aristocratic  Puritan  quarter,  until  the  Irish  possessed  them- 
selves of  it,  and  the  sailors  and  their  panderers  seized  the  shoreward 
parts,  so  that  the  district  became  very  squalid  and  dangerous.  Latterly 
the  Italians,  Portuguese  and  Russians  have  driven  out  the  Irish  ; and  the 
bad  houses  and  people  along  the  waterside  have  been  reduced  by  the. 
police,  missionaries  and  electric  lights.  Among  these  prolific  Latin  and 
Slav  populations  remain  several  Colonial  and  Provincial  landmarks,  in- 
teresting to  all  Americans. 

Hanover  St.  (once  Orange-Tree  Lane),  running  from  Scollay  Square, 
and  traversed  by  many  street-cars  (to  Chelsea  Ferry,  etc.),  is  a long  and 
much- winding  way,  often  widened  by  the  city,  at  enormous  cost.  It  is 
now  broad,  busy  and  active,  with  many  low-priced  retail  stores,  far  from 
aristocracy’s  haunts  — indeed,  “ The  Bowery  of  Boston.”  At  19  and  21 
is  the  new  extension  of  the  Marston  dining-rooms,  which  run  through  to- 


HARVARD  BRIDGE,  ACROSS  THE  CHARLES  RIVER,  BOSTON  TO  CAMBRIDGE. 


Brattle  St.  The  popular  American  House,  a large  hotel  on  the  American 
and  European  plans,  dates  from  1835,  and  stands  on  the  site  of  Gen. 
Warren’s  dwelling.  Beyond  the  crossing  of  broad  Washington  St.,  at 
Union  St.  (at  the  Blue  Ball)  was  Franklin’s  home  for  years  ; and  north 
on  Union  St.  stood  the  Green  Dragon  Tavern,  the  famous  patriot  ren- 
dezvous of  Adams,  Hancock,  Warren,  and  others,  which  Webster  called 
“The  Headquarters  of  the  Revolution.”  The  Sons  of  the  Revolution 
erected  a tablet  on  the  building  occupying  its  site  (No.  84),  in  1892. 
Back  in  little  Marshall  St.  is  the  carved  Boston  Stone,  set  in  the  rear  wall 


187 


1 88  King's  '•'‘How  to  See  Bostoft.''"' 

of  a Hanover- Street  building,  and  a landmark  since  1737.  In  this  now 
squalid  alley  King  Louis  Philippe  long  dwelt ; and  Count  Rumford  served 
as  an  apprentice.  Creek  and  Hatters’  Squares  are  old  localities  near  by. 
Blackstone  St.  occupies  the  bed  of  the  old  Middlesex  Canal  and  the 
earlier  Mill  Creek. 

Salem  St.  leads  from  Hanover  St.,  through  the  Russian  quarter, 
where  Hebrew  signs  appear  on  all  sides,  and  synagogues  are  seen,  and 


UNITARIAN  HOUSE.  C0N8REGATI0NAI,  HOUSE.  ATHEN/€UM. 

BEACON  STREET  AND  BOSTON  ATHEN/EUM. 


moujik  faces  and  costumes  abound,  amid  the  old  homes  of  the  Phipses 
and  other  grandees,  the  true  colonial  houses,  often  with  projecting  upper 
stories. 

Little  Italy  is  the  Italian  settlement,  numbering  more  than  5,000  per- 
sons, about  North  St.  and  North  Square,  where  these  poor  but  jocund 
Latins  have  two  churches  (in  Prince  St.  and  North  Square),  newspapers, 
banks,  hotels,  clubs,  many  shops,  and  a tiny  theatre. 

North  St.  in  Colonial  days  was  largely  occupied  by  wharf-heads  and 
shipyards,  and  the  Cross,  Red-Lion,  Ship,  Noah’s  Ark,  King’s  Head, 
and  Salutation  Inns.  Later,  it  became  a line  of  sailors’  dives,  the  peril- 
ous Whitechapel  of  Boston.  Now,  for  a long  way  it  has  large  commer- 
cial houses,  and  the  rest  of  it  is  only  squalid,  not  dangerous. 


King*s  How  to  See  Boston,'*^ 


189 


North  Square  had  the  Mountfort,  Shaw,  Holyoke,  Mather  and  other 
aristocratic  mansions ; Revere’s  birthplace,  still  standing,  at  Nos.  19- 
21  ; Pitcairn’s  barracks;  the  beautiful  estates  of  Gov.  Hutchinson  and 
Sir  Charles  and  Lady  Agnes  (Surriage)  Frankland  ; the  Second  (Old 
North)  Church,  of  the  Mathers,  pulled  down  by  the  British  in  1775  ; and 
Father  Taylor’s  famous  Bethel  (now  an  Italian  church).  Close  by  is  St. 

John’s  parochial  school 


where  700  girls  are  taught 
by  the  Sisters  of  Notre 
Dame.  Before  its  partial 
redemption  from  rum  and 
sirens,  this  region,  from 
North  to  Salem  Sts.,  and 
from  Richmond  to  Fleet,  was 
grimly  called  the  Black  Sea. 
Sir  David  Ochterlony  was 
born  on  North  St.;  “Essex” 
David  Porter,  on  Charter 
St. ; Mather  Byles,  on  Tiles- 
ton  St. ; and  Charlotte  Cush- 
man, on  Richmond  St. 

St.  Stephen’s  Catholic 
Church,  at  Hanover  and 
Clark  Sts.,  was  built  in  1805, 
for  a Congregational  society 
(the  New  North)  founded  in 
1714.  Beyond  Harris  St. 
(the  old  White-Bread  Alley) 
is  Hanover  Avenue  (once 
Methodist  Alley),  the  site  of 
the  first  Methodist  church 
in  Boston,  dedicated  in  1796, 
and  often  preached  in  (up  to 
1828)  by  Lorenzo  Dow, 
Jesse  Lee,  Asbury,  Hedding, 
Fisk  and  McKendree. 

Opposite  the  gas-house,  on  Prince  St.,  is  the  brick  house  in  which 
died  Major  Pitcairn,  mortally  shot  at  Bunker  Hill,  and  the  nephew  of  the 
discoverer  of  Pitcairn’s  Island.  Cotton  Mather  dwelt  on  the  site  of  298- 
300  Hanover  St.  ; the  Thoreaus  (until  they  moved  to  Concord),  opposite 
57  Prince  St.  The  North-End  Industrial  Home,  at  North  Bennet  and 
Salem  Sts. , has  nearly  a score  of  busy  and  beneficent  departments.  At  St. 
John  the  Baptist’s  Church,  on  North  Bennet  St.,  is  the  shrine  for  the 
thousands  of  Portuguese  from  the  Azore  Islands  dwelling  hereabouts. 
It  was  built  in  1828,  by  the  Methodists.  This  locality  vividly  suggests 
polyglotical  suggestions  amid  puritanical  foundations. 


UNITARIAN  BUII-OING,  BEACON  AND  BOWOCHN  STREETS. 


190 


King's  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston. " 

At  Hanover  and  North  Bennet  Sts.  is  the  Boston  Baptist  Bethel, 
opened  in  1864  in  a church  built  in  1838,  on  the  site  w’here  Samuel 
Mather  and  John  Murray  preached. 

Copp’s  Hill,  the  crest  of  the  North  End,  in  1632  sustained  the  wind- 
mill for  grinding  corn  ; and  in  1775  the  British  battery  which  destroyed 
Charlestown  stood  here.  The  burial-ground  dates  from  1659,  and  is  a 
peaceful  spot,  overlooking  Charles  River,  and  containing  the  tombs  of  the 
noted  Mather  family,  the  Eliots,  Grays,  Lincolns,  Snellings,  Sigourneys, 
and  others.  Some  of  them  bear  the  marks  of  British  musket-balls,  when 
this  w'as  a garrison  target-field.  The  new  North-End  Park  extends  from 
the  hill  of  graves  towards  the  harbor.  The  streets  about  the  burial- 
ground  have  little  service,  and  grass  waves  over  their  pavements.  The 


ASHBURTON  PLACE,  STATE-HOUSE  EXTENSION  AND  THE  OLD  MT. -VERNON  CHURCH. 


houses,  mainly  owned  by  their  occupants,  are  humble  but  neat.  The 
burial-ground  is  open  from  8 to  12,  and  from  i to  6.30  daily,  and  all  day 
Sunday.  Descriptive  pamphlets  are  sold,  and  the  purchasers  are  shown 
around. 

Christ  Church,  at  Salem  and  Hull  Sts.,  near  the  burial-ground,  is 
the  oldest  in  town,  having  been  built  in  1723  ; and  has  a quaint  interior, 
with  an  organ-case  imported  from  London  in  1759,  a large  clock  set  up 
in  1 740,  cherubim  given  by  an  old  Provincial  privateer,  the  first  monument 
erected  to  the  memory  of  Washington  ; communion-plate,  a Vinegar 
Bible,  and  other  articles  given  in  1733  by  King  George  II.;  the  upper 
“slaves’  gallery”;  and  33  subterranean  vaults,  many  of  which  were  occu- 
pied by  dead  British  officers  after  Bunker  Hill.  From  the  tower  window 


King^s  “ How  to  See  Boston  y 19 1 

over  the  clock  looking  up  Hull  St.,  Paul  Revere’s  alarm-lights  were 
hung  out,  and  started  the  Midnight  Ride;  and  Gen.  Gage  witnessed  the 
battle  of  Bunker  Hill.  The  tower  contains 
a melodious  chime  of  eight  bells,  cast  at 
Gloucester,  England,  in  1744,  and  inscribed 
“ We  are  the  first  peal  of  bells  cast  for  the 
British  Empire  in  North  America.”  They 
are  often  rung  in  chimes,  in  hymn  or  ballad 
tunes ; and  also  (which  is  quite  different)  in 
peals,  by  a society  of  English  peal-ringers. 
The  Episcopal  Church  keeps  up  its  service 
here,  amid  a careless  foreign  population. 

The  Endicott-St.  region,  crowded  with 
the  homes  of  the  poor,  is  dominated  by  the 
enormous  Catholic  Church  of  St.  Mary 
(built  in  1877,  at  a cost  of  $200, 000),  which 
has  two  heavy  towers,  each  170  feet  high. 
Near  by  is  Cooper  St.,  the  scene  of  the 
hardest  fighting  in  the  Draft  Riots  of  1863. 
The  armory  was  defended  by  militia  and  reg- 
ular troops  against  the  assaults  and  rifle-fire 
of  a vast  mob,  which  was  finally  scattered  by 
JOHN  A.  ANDREW,  STATE  HOUSE.  discharges  of  grape-shot  from  the  artillery. 


KINO'S  CHAPEL  ( UNITARIAN  5,  TREMONT  AND  SCHOOL  STREETS. 


THE  HARBOR  FRONT. 

STREET-CARS  leave  Scollay  Square  for  the  northern  depots  every 
minute.  The  Lowell  station,  700  feet  long,  built  of  brick  and 
Nova-Scotia  stone,  in  1871,  has  a great  double-towered  and  Louvre- 
domed  head-house  containing  a lofty  marble-paved  waiting-hall,  and  a 
many-tracked  train-house,  whose  arch  spans  120  feet.  The  Lowell  route 
to  New  Hampshire,  Vermont  and  Canada  was  chartered  in  1830,  and 
leased  by  the  Boston  & Maine  Railroad  in  1887.  The  Union  Station  of 
all  the  northern  lines,  finished  in  1894,  is  conspicuous  for  its  immense 
granite  entrance-arch,  one  of  the  grandest  in  America,  and  suggested  by 


HORACE  MANN  - STATE  HOUSE  --  DANIEL  WEBSTER. 


a Roman  triumphal  arch.  It  is  45  feet  high,  with  Ionic  columns  at  the 
sides.  The  Eastern  Division,  chartered  in  1836,  and  leased  by  the  B.  & 
M.  in  1883,  I'caches  the  coast  cities  and  beaches,  Marblehead,  Gloucester, 
Portsmouth,  Portland,  and  the  MTiite  Mts.  The  Western  Division, 
chartered  in  1833,  runs  by  Haverhill  to  Portland.  The  B.  & M.  has  an 
enormous  summer-tourist  business,  to  the  beaches  and  the  White  Mts.  and 
all  parts  of  the  Maine  coast  and  forest. 

A short  distance  southwestward  from  the  Union  Station,  at  the  corner 
of  Sudbury  and  Friend  Sts.,  is  the  well-known  carriage  and  sleigh  manu- 
factory of  Ferd.  F.  French  & Co.,  Limited,  successors  to  William  P. 
Sargent  & Co.,  established  in  1851.  This  concern  has  supplied  the  major 


192 


UNION  RAILWAY  STATION,  THE  "NORTHERN  DEPOTS.»» 

CAUSEWAY  STREET. 


Km^s  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston.  ” 


195 


part  of  New  England’s  costly  and  fashionable  equipages  of  all  kinds  for 
the  past  few  generations,  and  its  mammoth  salesrooms  are  filled  with 
innumerable  styles  of  vehicles  for  all  purposes.  It  has  been  located  at 
this  site  for  45  years,  and  did  for  a while  have  a branch  establishment  at 
no  Tremont  St.,  but  now  transacts  its  entire  business  at  this  one  locality. 

Just  east  of  the  Union  Station  is  the  ancient  station  of  the  Fitchburg 
Railroad,  chartered  in  1842,  and  running  west  by  the  Hoosac-Tunnel 
route.  The  station  is  a dark  four-towered  granite  edifice,  resembling  a 

castle,  and  dating  from 
1847.  its  hall,  Jenny 
Lind  gave  her  thrilling 
concerts,  in  1850,  under 
Barnum’s  management. 
All  these  stations  oc- 
cupy  ground  redeemed 
from  the  harbor. 

Commercial  St.,  a 
short  walk  from  the 
Fitchburg  station  (pass- 
ing near  the  bridge  to 
Charlestown ),  winds 
along  the  water-front 
around  the  North  End 
in  true  Boston  sinuosity, 
running  N.  E. , S.  E. , S. 
and  S.  W.  The  Boston 
Gas  Co.’s  extensive 
works  here  date  from 
1828.  This  wharf  is 
near  the  landing-place 
of  Winthrop’s  colonists, 
the  colonial  ferry  to 
Charlestown  and  Chel- 
sea, and  the  debarking 
point  of  the  828  redcoats 
wounded  at  Bunker 
Hill,  and  their  dead  offi- 
cers. The  slain  soldiers  were  buried  on  the  fatal  hill.  Passing  thence, 
one  gains  glimpses  up  the  crowded  alleys  and  humble  hill-side  lanes  of 
the  North  End.  Following  Commercial  St.  around  the  bend,  we  come  to 
the  North-End  Park,  recently  constructed  to  afford  the  crowded  popula- 
tion of  this  section  a bright  sea-viewing  pleasure-place,  and  leading  up 
to  the  venerable  Copp’s-Hill  Burial-Ground.  Gray’s  Wharf  early  in  the 
century  belonged  to  Lieut.  -Gov.  Billy  Gray,  who  owned  60  square-rigged 
vessels,  voyaging  all  over  the  watery  world.  Near  the  foot  of  Foster  St., 
more  than  a century  ago,  stood  Paul  Revere’s  cannon  and  bell  foundry. 


JOHN  HANCOCK’8  HOUSE,  BEACON  STREET. 


196 


Kin^s  How  to  See  Boston  ” 


Aspinwall’s  Wharf  commemorates  another  illustrious  Boston  merchant. 
The  Chelsea  ferry,  from  the  foot  of  Hanover  St.,  ascends  the  Mystic 
River,  with  good  views  of  the  Navy  Yard  and  East  Boston.  This  side- 
trip  gives  one  a chance  to  rest  and  enjoy  the  sea  air  and  shore  scenes. 

At  Constitution  Wharf,  the  live-oak  frigate  Constitution,  44,  “ Old 
Ironsides,”  the  pride  of  the  American  navy,  was  built,  in  1794-97.  She 
was  intended  to  fight  the  Algerine  corsairs,  and  attacked  Tripoli  in 
1803-4  ; but  her  most  glorious  services  occurred  in  the  war  with  Great 
Britain,  when  she  captured  the  Guerriere,  yava,  Cyane,  Leva7it,  etc. 
Among  her  officers  were  Preble,  Hull,  Decatur,  Bainbridge,  Stewart, 
Macdonough,  Morris,  Porter,  Lawrence,  Ludlow  and  Shubrick.  This 
ship  was  saved  from  being  broken  up,  when  Dr.  Holmes  begged  the 
Navy  Department  to 


Nail  to  the  mast  her  holy  flag, 

Set  every  threadbare  sail, 

And  give  her  to  the  god  of  storms, 
The  lightning  and  the  gale.” 


At  this  wharf  also  was  built  the  Bostoft,  28,  which  captured  several 
French  armed  ships;  and  the  Argils,  16,  which  burnt  so  many  British 
prizes  off  the  English  coast  that  she  was  said  to  have  “set  the  Channel 
all  a-blaze.” 

Battery  Wharf  is  near  the 
site  of  the  North  Battery, 
constructed  in  1646,  to  com- 
mand Charles  River  and  the 
Town  Cove,  and  kept  up  for 
more  than  a century.  Four 
British  regiments  embarked 
here  for  the  attack  on  Bunker 
Hill ; and  Lord  Howe  left 
13  cannon  in  the  battery. 

The  steamships  for  Norfolk 
and  Baltimore  sail  thence. 

From  Battery  St.  the  North 
Ferry  runs  steamboats  to 
East  Boston  every  few  min- 
utes. The  spacious  Lincoln’s 
Wharf  has  the  steamers  for 
Bath  and  the  Kennebec- 
River  ports.  Union  Wharf 
bears  a line  of  sombre  granite 
U. -S.  bonded  warehouses. 

Opposite  Fleet  St.  East- 
ern Avenue  runs  to  the  South 
Ferry  to  East  Boston,  down 

what  was  once  Scarlett’s  church  of  the  advent,  mt. -vernon  and  dimmer  sts. 


King'^s  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston. 


197 


Wharf.  Here  Commercial  St.  flirts  away  into  the  fruit  and  provision 
district,  leaving  the  wharves,  which  are  followed  thence  by  Atlantic 
Avenue,  a splendid  marginal  thoroughfare  100  feet  wide,  with  several 
street-car  and  steam  freight-railway  tracks,  and  spur-tracks  down  the 
wharves.  This  avenue  was  made  in  1868-70,  at  a cost  of  $2,400,000, 
by  building  it  across  the  middle  of  the  old  docks,  with  earth  taken  from 
P'ort  Hill,  and  then  filling  in  the  inside  parts,  which  are  now  covered 
with  imposing  commercial  structures.  It  occupies  nearly  the  line  of  the 
Barricado,  a wharf  built  in  1673,  2,200  feet  long,  from  the  North  Battery 
to  the  South  Battery,  to  be  mounted  with  cannon  to  prevent  hostile  French 

or  Dutch  war-vessels 
from  injuring  the  ship- 
ping in  Town  Cove. 
Entrances  were  left  for 
peaceful  merchantmen 
on  each  side  of  Long 
Wharf. 

Lewis  Wharf,  at  32 
Atlantic  Avenue,  with  its 
long  granite  warehouses, 
has  the  steamships  for 
Yarmouth  and  Halifax, 
the  Canso  ports,  Pictou 
and  Prince-Edward  Is- 
land, and  Savannah. 
This  wharf  once  be- 
longed to  John  Hancock. 

Commercial  Wharf  is 
the  Boston  terminal  of 
the  popular  International 
Steamship  Co.’s  line, 
which  runs  to  St.  John, 
N . B . , via  Portland, 
Lubec  and  Eastport, 
making  a charming 
ocean-route  to  the  New 
England  coast  and  the  Maritime  Provinces.  The  fleet  comprises  three 
side-wheel  steamships,  the  State  of  Maine^  the  Cumberland^  and  the  New 
Brunswick^  providing  the  modern  comforts  of  traveling.  The  elegant 
new  steamship  St.  Croix,  now  under  construction,  will  in  many  respects 
surpass  all  previous  efforts  of  the  company.  In  the  spring  and  autumn 
this  long-established  and  favorite  line  runs  its  steamers  tri-weekly,  in  the 
summer  daily  (except  Sundays),  and  in  the  winter  semi-weekly.  The 
trip,  for  the  most  part  is  along  the  shore,  which  presents  an  ever-chang- 
ing panorama  of  interesting  points.  The  International  Co.  affords  a 
pleasant  trip  to  the  eastward,  reaching  numerous  pleasure-resorts  of 


Kin^''s  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston. 


199 


Maine,  and  farther  still,  beyond  the  international  boundary,  where  lies 
a vast  country  under  British  dominion,  full  of  beauty  and  crowned  with  a 
wealth  of  interest,  replete  with  the  blended  romance,  story  and  tradition 
connected  with  the  earliest  settlement  of  the  North- American  continent. 
This  country  gave  refuge  to  the  early  voyagers  from  Europe,  at  a time 
when  the  Pilgrim  Fathers  of  the  Old  Colony  were  in  leading-strings,  and 
now  through  two  centuries  presents  its  peculiar  manners,  customs  and 
civilization  as  an  auxiliary  charm  to  the  summer  tourist  from  “The 
States,”  giving  him  a taste  of  Europe  to  be  found  on  this  side  of  the 
Atlantic  only  in  this  quaint  North-East,  this  country  under  the  shadow 
of  the  Crown,  this  “Land  of  Evangeline”  and  the  “British  Red-coat.” 
Commercial  Wharf  is  also  the  terminal  of  the  Provincetown  line. 

This  part  of  Atlantic  Avenue  is  largely  occupied  by  wholesale  fish 
and  oyster  merchants,  and  the  fishing-vessels  float  in  the  adjacent  docks. 
An  infinite  variety  of  sea-food  may  be  observed  here,  and  the  air  is  salty 
and  fishy.  Huge  coils  of  chain  and  rope  appear  by  the  way  ; all  manner 
of  large  and  small  boats  toss  about  in  the  slips  ; and  maritime  persons 
and  longshoremen  placidly  observe  the  lively  scene.  On  the  other  side  is 
the  animated  Farmers’  Market,  mainly  used  by  vegetable  and  fruit 
farmers  and  their  wagons,  from  the  suburbs,  and  a very  busy  scene  at 
early  morning. 

T Wharf  was  a part  of  the  old  Barricado,  and  has  a well  of  excellent 
water.  It  belongs  to  an  association  of  fish-dealers,  and  is  devoted  wholly 
to  the  fish  industry.  Boston  is  the  largest  fish  market  in  the  world.  In 
1892  more  than  90,000,000  pounds  of  fresh  fish  were  handled  by  dealers 
of  T Wharf.  In  1889  it  is  estimated  that  208,000,000  pounds  of  fish 
products  passed  through  the  hands  of  the  wholesale  dealers  of  Boston, 
and,  based  on  value  of  products  as  sold,  reached  an  aggregate  of  $11, 100,- 
259.  The  number  of  men  engaged  in  and  the  yield  of  all  the  fisheries  of 
the  world,  as  far  as  reports  are  obtainable,  are : United  States,  200,000 
men,  value,  $50,000,000;  Canada,  60,000  men,  $17,655,000;  England 
and  Wales,  estimated  yield  $23,000,000;  Scotland,  $8,000,000;  Ireland, 
$1,800,000;  Norway,  $6,000,000;  Holland,  $2,000,000;  France,  138,- 
000  men,  yield  $20,000,000,  a grand  total  of  more  than  $128,000,000  in 
value,  taken  in  one  year.  At  21,  22  and  22^  T Wharf,  John  R.  Neal 
& Co.  have  a fine  museum  of  models,  pictures,  implements,  etc.,  illustrat-^ 
ing  the  ancient  and  modern  methods  of  catching  fish  and  preparing  them 
fresh  or  otherwise  for  the  markets,  and  many  curious  matters  pertaining 
to  fishing  and  packing.  This  firm  ranks  eminent  among  the  great  fish 
houses  of  the  country,  and  besides  being  enormous  handlers  of  fresh  and 
salted  fish  they  make  a specialty  of  curing  haddock  which  is  known  over 
the  world  as  “John  R.  Neal  & Co.’s  Star  Brand  of  Finnan  Haddie.” 
The  Museum  is  opened  free  to  the  public. 

Long  Wharf  was  built  in  1709-10,  as  a prolongation  of  State  St., 
under  the  name  of  Boston  Pier,  2,000  feet  long,  with  a battery  on  the 
end.  It  became  the  pride  of  the  town,  where  the  London  ships  lay,  and 


JOHN  R.  NEAL  & CO.,  WHOLESALERS  OF  FRESH  AND  SALTED  FISH, 

200  VIEWS  OF  THE  NEAL  FISHERIES  MUSEUM,  T WHARF,  FOOT  OF  SOUTH  MARKET  STREET. 


201 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.'' 


the  Royalist  governors  and  armies  were  sumptuously  received  on  landing. 
Hawthorne  long  served  here  as  weigher  and  gauger.  The  foreign  com- 
merce of  Boston,  very  extensive  before  the  Revolution,  and  almost  monop- 
olizing the  American  China  and  India  trades  for  the  first  half  of  this  century, 
became  nearly  extinct  between  1850  and  1870.  Then  the  railways  from 
the  West  reduced  their  freight  rates  and  improved  their  terminal  facilities, 
and  the  local  commerce  made  enormous  gains,  so  that  it  uses  almost  a 
steamship  a day  from  this  port  to  Europe.  Boston  is  second  only  to  New 

York  as  a shipping 
port,  with  4,000 
vessels  entering 
from  or  clearing  for 
foreign  ports  yearly, 
and  an  annual  im- 
port and  export 
trade  of  ^140,000,- 
000.  Plans  are  now 
under  way  for  the 
city  to  buy  all  the 
wharves,  and  re- 
place them  with 
handsome  and  com- 
modious municipal 


CADETS'  ARMORY. 

COLUMBUS  AVENUE,  SOUTHEAST  CORNER  OF  FERDINAND  STREET, 


202 


King's  How  to  See  Bost07i." 

docks  (as  in  Liverpool  and  other  great  ports),  whose  low  charges  may- 
invite  a still  greater  maritime  traffic.  The  chief  foreign  steamships  have 
their  docks  at  East  and  South  Boston  and  Charlestown. 

Long  Wharf  is  the  headquarters  of  the  tropical  fruit  trade,  and  here 
the  Boston  Fruit  Company,  an  association  of  Boston  merchants  and  West- 
India  fruit-growers,  receive  their  cargoes  of  bananas,  cocoanuts,  oranges, 
lemons,  and  kindred  fruits.  The  corporation  owns  nearly  40,000  acres, 
included  in  35  plantations,  and  deep-water  frontage  in  the  harbors  of  Port 
Antonio  and  Port  Morant.  They  own  their  own  lines  of  steamships, 
which  they  operate  between  those  ports  and  Boston,  Philadelphia  and 
Baltimore.  Besides  carrying  their  own  fruits,  they  carry  some  outside 
freight,  and  afford  passenger  accommodations  for  many  tourists  visiting 
the  West-India  Islands. 

Ascending  State  St.  from  Long  Wharf,  one  quickly  reaches  the  Cus- 
tom House,  the  financial  district,  the  Old  State  House,  and  the  retail 
district.  Dr.  Holmes  thus  apostrophized  Long  Wharf : 

“ Strong  right  arm  of  Boston,  stretched  out  o er  the  bay, 

May  the  winds  waft  the  wealth  of  all  nations  to  thee, 

And  thy  dividends  flow  like  the  waves  of  the  sea.” 

Central  Wharf  has  the  moorings  of  the  steamships  to  Philadelphia 
and  to  Gloucester. 

From  India  Wharf  runs  the  daily  line  of  new  and  palatial  steamers 
owned  by  the  Portland  Steam  Packet  Co.,  the  Bay  State  and  the  Portland 
(each  exceeding  2,200  tons),  tw'o  of  the  grandest  steamers  that  sail  from 
Boston  Harbor.  They  make  the  run  between  Boston  and  Portland  in  a 
night,  and  charge  but  ^i,  the  view  from  the  steamers,  in  either  Boston 
or  Portland  harbor,  morning  or  evening,  being  worth  the  full  cost  of  the 
trip.  It  is  impossible  to  obtain  a more  restful,  exhilarating  and  enjoyable 
excursion  anywhere.  These  steamers  are  the  largest  and  finest  side-wheel 
vessels  east  of  Long-Island  Sound,  and  are  fitted  with  every  modern  ap- 
pliance for  comfort  and  luxury.  Electric  lights  and  bells,  steam  steering- 
gear,  and  first-class  appointments  are  in  every  department.  The  pas- 
senger dining-rooms  are  superb,  and  the  meals,  on  the  European  plan, 
are  all  that  can  be  desired.  The  company  issues  through  excursion- 
tickets,  by  almost  every  conceivable  rail  and  steamship  route,  east,  west, 
north  and  south.  The  Portland  Steam  Packet  Co.  has  a record  of  50 
years’  thoroughly  satisfactory  service,  never  having  lost  a life  nor  injured 
a person.  From  India  Wharf  also  sail  the  freight  vessels  of  the  Metro- 
politan Line,  for  New  York.  Howells  says  of  this  locality  : 

“ The  place  was  sacred  to  the  shipping  of  the  grandest  commerce  in  the  world 
—these  beautiful  ships,  clean  as  silver,  and  manned  by  honest  Yankee  crews.” 

Here  the  old  captains  discussed 

“ The  Dutch  colonies  and  coffee  ; the  China  trade  and  tea  ; the  Northwest  coast 
and  furs  ; the  Cape  and  its  wines  and  oil : the  pirates  that  used  to  harass  the 
early  adventurers  ; famous  shipwrecks  ; great  gains  and  magnificent  losses  ; the 
splendor  of  the  English  nabobs  and  American  residents  of  Calcutta  ; mutinies 
aboard  ship  ; and  the  idiosyncrasies  of  certain  sailors.” 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.''''  205 

Rowe’s  Wharf  is  throughout  the  summer  one  of  the  busiest  and  hap- 
piest of  places,  for  thence  every  half-hour  or  so  depart  the  pleasant 
steamboats  for  Hull,  Hingham,*  and  Nantasket,  the  favorite  summer- 
resorts  of  the  harbor.  Elsewhere  are  tlie  piers  of  the  Lynn,  Nahant, 
and  Plymouth  steamers.  At  Rowe’s  W^harf  is  the  end  of  Broad  St.,  the 
scene  of  the  bloody  riots  of  1837  between  the  firemen  and  the  Irish,  in 
which  15,000  persons  were  engaged.  The  Irish  quarter  was  sacked  by 
the  populace;  and  it  required  the  advance  of  800  State  troops,  and  re- 
peated charges  by  the  Lancers,  to  avert  a general  massacre. 

Next  to  Rowe’s  Wharf  is  the  ferry-house  of  the  Revere  -Beach 
narrow-gauge  railroad,  whose  quaint  little  trains  run  from  East  Boston 


CHURCH  OF  THE  DISCIPLES,  WARREN  AVENUE  AND  WEST  BROOKLINE  STREET. 


along  the  shore  to  Lynn,  Ocean  Spray,  and  Winthrop.  Near  Rowe’s 
Wharf  stood  the  Sconce,  or  South  Battery,  erected  in  1666,  and 
mounting  35  guns.  On  Fort  Hill,  above,  stood  a larger  fortress. 

Howells  thus  portrays  the  pleasant  inner  harbor  : 

“ The  steamships  of  many  coastwise  freight  lines  gloom,  with  their  black  capa- 
cious hulks,  among  the  lighter  sailing  craft,  and  among  the  white,  green-shuttered 
passenger-boats;  and  behind  those  desperate  and  grimy  sheds  assume  a picturesque- 
ness, their  sagging  roofs  and  crooked  gables  harmonizing  agreeably  with  the 
shipping ; and  then  growing  up  from  all  rises  the  mellow-tinted,  brick-built  city, 
roof,  and  spire,  and  dome, — a fair  and  noble  sight,  indeed,  and  one  not  surpassed 
for  a certain  quiet  and  cleanly  beauty  by  any  that  I know.” 

The  Boston  & Bangor  Steamship  Co.  dispatches  its  fine  and  seaworthy 
vessels  from  Foster’s  Wharf,  at  366  Atlantic  Avenue,  at  five  o’clock  every 
afternoon  in  summer,  and  semi-weekly  in  winter.  These  great  steamships, 
the  City  of  Bangor,  Penobscot,  Katahdin,  and  Lewiston,  have  accommoda- 
tions for  500  passengers,  with  richly-provided  dining-rooms  and  spacious 


2o6 


Kht^s  How  to  See  Boston.'^'^ 

state-rooms.  Their  voyage  gives  very  interesting  panoramic  views  of  the 
harbor,  the  receding  city  crowned  with  its  dome  of  gold,  the  European 
steamships  in  their  docks  at  East  Boston  and  South  Boston,  the  formid- 
able fortifications  frowning  over  the  lower  roadstead,  and  the  many  pic- 
turesque rocky  islets  which  keep  the  stormy  waves  from  the  Puritan  har- 
bor. Beyond  the  tall  white  lighthouse,  they  run  up  along  the  famous 
North  Shore,  with  distant  views  of  Nahant  and  Swampscot,  Marble- 
head and  Magnolia,  and  other  popular  and  fashionable  summer-resorts. 
Before  dark,  they  round  the  tall  twin  lighthouses  of  Thacher’s  Island, 
and  the  gray  cliffs  of  Cape  Ann,  “ the  land  of  rocks  and  roses  ; ” and 
stretch  away  into  the  dim  northern  sea,  the  ancient  Gulf  of  Maine.  At 


TREMONT  STREET,  SOUTHEAST  CORNER  OF  ELIOT  STREET. 

early  morning,  the  vessel  enters  the  beautiful  and  historic  Penobscot  Bay, 
and  makes  its  first  port  at  Rockland,  famous  for  its  vast  product  of  lime. 
The  Mount  Desert  and  other  steamers  of  this  company’s  fleet  connect 
here  for  the  quaint  little  ports  among  the  islands,  and  for  the  landings 
about  Mount  Desert  and  the  remoter  eastern  coasts.  The  boat  from 
Boston  proceeds  up  Penobscot  Bay  and  River,  making  landings  at  Bel- 
fast, Bucksport  and  other  well-known  towns,  and  before  noon  reaches 
Bangor,  the  bright  metropolis  of  Eastern  Maine.  This  line  has  an  im- 
mense summer-tourist  business,  since  it  furnishes  an  inexpensive,  comfort- 
able and  picturesque  route  to  the  beaches,  headlands  and  fiords  of  “ hun- 


2o8 


Kin^s  '‘'‘How  to  See  Boston^ 

d red -harbored  Maine,”  and  to  Moosehead  Lake  and  the  great  forest.  The 
Boston- Bangor  steamships  began  their  voyages  in  1833,  and  were  for  over 
40  years  known  as  the  Sanford  Line,  until  acquired  by  the  present  com- 
pany, in  1882.  The  president  and  general  manager  is  William  H.  Hill, 
of  Richardson,  Hill  & Co.,  the  bankers.  Snow’s  Arch  Wharf  has  the 
steamers  for  Beverly,  Marblehead,  and  Salem,  and  for  Portsmouth. 

Liverpool  WTiarf  (formerly  Griffin’s)  was  the  scene  of  the  Tea  Party 
of  December  16,  1773,  when  60  Bostonians,  some  of  them  disguised  as 
Indians,  boarded  the  three  Indiamen,  Dartmouth^  Eleanor  and  Beaver, 
hung  here,  and  emptied  342  chests  of  tea  into  the  harbor.  Dr.  Holmes 

a\ers  that  waters  in  the  rebel  bay 

Have  kept  the  tea-leaf  savor  ; 

Our  old  Xorth-Enders  in  their  spray 
Still  taste  a Hyson  flavor.” 

Between  Atlantic  Avenue  and  the  Congress- St.  bridge,  at  299  to  303 
Congress  St.,  directly  facing  the  harbor,  is  the  great  shoe  warehouse  of 
the  J.  B.  Le\Hs  Co.,  whose  main  factories  are  at  Avon,  and  whose  line  of 
goods,  known  as  “ Wear- Resisters,”  comprises  the  whole  range  of  boots 
and  shoes  of  all  grades  for  men,  women  and  children.  The  business 
was  established  in  1858,  and  its  customers  extend  throughout  the  Union. 
The  J.  B.  Lewis  Co.  are  said  to  be  the  largest  shippers  of  boots  and 
shoes  of  any  manufacturer  selling  the  retail  trade  direct  from  Boston, 
the  centre  of  the  shoe  trade  of  this  country. 

A little  farther  south  Atlantic  Avenue 
reaches  Fort- Point  Channel  to  the  South 
Bay,  which  has  many  coal  and  lumber 
wharves.  Across  the  narrow  water  are 
the  New- York  &:  New- England  Rail- 
road docks  and  elevators,  on  land  re- 
claimed from  the  harbor,  and  vdth  piers 
used  by  European  freight -steamships. 
Atlantic  Avenue  ends  in  the  wool  dis- 
trict (Boston  is  second  only  to  London 
as  a wool-market),  at  the  foot  of  Sum- 
mer St.,  leading  back  to  the  Retail  Dis- 
trict, and  in  front  of  the  ugly  station  of 
the  New- York  & New  England  Railroad. 
A few  blocks  south,  on  Federal  St.,  are 
the  great  factories  of  the  Goodyear 
Shoe  Machinery  Co.,  whose  patented 
machines  are  used  in  both  continents. 
Kneeland  St.  has  the  Old-Colony  and 
Albany  railroad  stations,  a block  apart. 
The  Old-Colony  (chartered  in  1844) 
leads  to  Plymouth,  New  Bedford,  Cape 
COLUMBUS  STATUE,  AT  THE  CATHEDRAL.  Cod,  and  the  steamboat  lines  to  Nan- 


210 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.'''' 

tucket  and  Martha’s  Vineyard.  The  Boston  & Albany  leads  to  Worcester, 
Springfield,  Albany  and  the  north,  and  with  its  close  alliances  with  the 
New- York  Central,  the  Lake*  Shore  and  other  great  roads,  it  forms  the 
most  important  route  between  the  East  and  West.  Its  through  New- York 
trains,  several  times  daily,  are  unsurpassed ; and  its  local  suburban  service 
at  low  commutation  rates  to  the  Newtons,  Brookline,  Wellesley  and 
other  places  is  hardly  equaled  on  either  continent. 


CATHEDRAL  OF  THE  HOLY  CROSS,  ROMAN  CATHOLIC. 

WASHINGTON  STREET,  NORTHEAST  CORNER  OF  MALDEN  STREET. 


BOSTON  & ALBANY  RAILROAD  STATION. 

KNEELAND  STREET,  BETWEEN  LINCOLN  AND  UTICA  STREETS. 


THE  SUBURBS. 

The  suburbs  of  Boston  are  among  the  most  beautiful  in  the  world. 

Nature  has  done  much  for  them,  with  her  great  rocky  hills,  deep 
forests,  shining  lakes,  far-winding  rivers,  fragrant  salt-marshes,  and  blue 
inlets  of  the  sea.  Art  has  also  been  kind,  during  nearly  three  centuries, 
dotting  this  rugged  paradise  with  quaint  villages,  generous  country-seats, 
tall  spires,  domes,  and  towers,  and  beauty-spots  of  rich  flower-coloring. 
History  has  dowered  the  region  with  the  records  of  the  heroic  early  set- 
tlements, of  wars  with  savages  and  European  troops,  and  of  the  lives  and 
deeds  of  many  illustrious  men.  Literature  has  added  her  laurels  : Holmes 


NEW-ENGLAND  CONSERVATORY  OF  MUSIC,  FRANKLIN  SQUARE. 


to  the  old  town,  Howells  to  the  modern  city,  Hawthorne  to  West  Rox- 
bury  and  Salem,  Longfellow  and  Lowell  to  Cambridge,  Thoreau  and 
Emerson  to  Concord,  Motley  to  Quincy,  and  Bynner  to  Marblehead ; and 
hundreds  of  others,  poets,  romancers,  historians  and  antiquaries.  What 
other  city  has  such  a garland  of  pleasant  and  historic  hamlets  and  parks, 
dreaming  in  comfort  and  content,  in  a land  of  peace  ? 

Sir  Charles  Dilke  has  written  of  the  surroundings  of  Boston  ; 

“In  her  southern  suburbs,— in  Roxbury  and  the  hills  beyond,  and  princely 
Brookline,  and  Brighton,— Boston  may  challenge  comparison  with  almost  any  city  in 


214  King's  “ How  to  See  Boston,'^ 

the  world.  This  undulating  region,  dotted  with  crystal  ponds,  superbly  wooded, 
and  covered  for  miles  with  country-seats  in  every  conceivable  style  of  architec- 
ture, is  a portfolio  crammed  with  delicious  pictures.  The  velvet  turf,  golden 
green  in  sunshine,  the  trim  buckthorn  hedges,  the  trellised  roses,  the  comming- 
ling of  pine,  elm,  maple,  larch,  chestnut  and  fir  in  the  groves,  the  unexpected  dells 
and  water-glimpses,  the  gleam  of  towers  and  mellow-tinted  house-fronts,  far  and 
near,  the  old  avenues,  ribbed  with  Gothic  boughs,  are  among  their  features,  and 
you  can  scarcely  say  that  anything  is  wanting.  Although  her  people  are  every- 
where in  the  vanguard  of  all  progress,  their  country  has  a look  of  gable-ends  and 
steeple-hats.  In  all  England,  there  is  no  city  which  has  suburbs  so  gray  and  ven- 
erable as  the  elm-shaded  towns  around  Boston.” 

Bayard  Taylor,  with  his  broad  knowledge  of  the  world,  said  : 

“ As  you  approach  Boston,  the  roughest  region  is  yet  a region  of  homes.  Man 
may  sometimes  deform,  but  he  oftenest  improves  nature  ; and  I know  no  better 
illustration  of  the  fact  than  the  environs  of  Boston.  The  approach  to  Boston  is 
almost  the  only  picturesque  city-view  we  have  on  the  Atlantic  coast.  The  broad 
reaches  of  water,  the  cheerful  suburbs  on  either  hand,  the  long  gently  rising  brick 
hill  in  front,  crowned  with  the  dome  of  the  State  House,  form  an  imposing  and 
truly  attractive  picture.  . . . Boston,  from  any  side,  owing  to  her  elevation,  has  a 
stately  charm  which  her  prouder  sisters  do  not  possess.” 


CHURCH  OF  THE  IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION  AND  BOSTON  COLLEGE,  HARRISON  AVE.  AND  CONCORD  6T. 


CHARLESTOWN. 

CHARLESTOWN  and  Bunker-Hill  street-cars  leave  Scollay  Square 
every  few  minutes  for  quaint  old  Charlestown.  Those  marked  Bunker 
Hill  lead  to  the  monument.  Beyond  the  crowded  manufacturing  streets, 
the  car  crosses  Charles  River  on  a long  bridge,  with  the  Hoosac-Tunnel 
Docks  on  the  right  front,  and  the  Navy  Yard  beyond.  We  soon  reach 
the  little  park  of  City  Square,  with  the  Waverley  House  (once  a hotel) 
on  the  left ; and  next  it  the  fine  City  Hall  of  Charlestown  before  annexa- 
tion, now  occupied  by  a branch  of  the  Public  Library,  and  the  Municipal 
Court.  The  Indian  domain  called  Mishawum  was  settled  by  the  English 
before  1629;  became  a city  in  1847;  and  was  annexed  to  Boston  in  1873. 
The  Charles- River  Bridge  was  built  in  1786  ; and  the  Warren  Bridge,  in 
1828.  These  railroad  bridges  for  the  northern  railroads  are  now  approach- 
ing completion.  S.  F.  B.  Morse,  the  inventor  of  the  telegraph,  was  born 
at  Charlestown. 

The  U. -S.  Navy  Yard,  founded  in  1800,  covers  87  acres,  and  has 
nearly  100  store-houses,  machine-shops,  arsenals,  barracks,  rope-walks, 
shiphouses,  etc.,  with  a million-dollar 
hammered-granite  dry  dock,  a sea- 
wall, a battery,  trees  and  lawns, 
parades  and  avenues.  In  the  stream 
lies  the  famous  old  frigate  Wabash, 
now  a receiving-ship.  Among  the 
war-vessels  built  here  were  the  Inde- 
pendence, 74,  Frolic,  Vermont,  74,  War- 
ren, Farragut’s  flag- ship  Hartford,  the 
Cumberland  and  Merrimac  (afterwards 
antagonists),  the  Wachusett  and  Huron, 
and  the  ironclads  Monaditock,  Nahant, 

Nantucket  and  Canonicus.  This  fa- 
mous yard  is  now  but  little  used. 

Visitors  are  admitted,  and  will  find  it 
very  interesting. 

Bunker- Hill  Monument  was  built 
in  1825-42.  Lafayette  attended  at 
the  laying  of  the  corner-stone,  .and 
President  Tyler  at  the  final  dedication  ; 
and  Webster  gave  the  orations  for  both 
occasions.  The  obelisk  220  feet  high,  and  30  feet  square  at  the  base,  is 
of  Quincy  granite.  Two  hundred  and  ninety-five  stone  steps  lead  to  the 
observatory  chamber  at  the  top,  with  its  venerable  Provincial  cannon,  and 
superb  views  over  the  harbor  and  sea,  the  city  and  suburbs,  the  inland 
villages  and  far  blue  mountains,  Wachusett  and  Monadnock.  The  ward 
Bostonian  usually  contents  himself  here  with  sitting  down  at  the  base,  and 


PAUL  REVERE’S  HOUSE,  NORTH  SQUARE. 


215 


2i6  King's  *^How  to  See  Bostoji,''' 

musing  over  Emerson  and  Browning,  while  his  Western  friends  go  up  the 
winding  stairs.  As  Dr.  Holmes  says  : 

“ And  Bunker’s  tall  shaft  you  can  climb  if  you  will, 

But  you’ll  puff  like  a paragraph  praising  a pill.” 

In  the  lodge  at  the  base  is  Dexter’s  marble  statue  of  Gen.  Warren, 
with  other  memorials  ; and  in  the  main  path  in  i88i  was  raised  Story’s 
admirable  and  spirited  bronze  statue  of  Col.  Prescott,  who  defended  the 
redoubt.  He  is  in  a long  seersucker  coat  and  broad  farmer’s  hat,  with 
drawn  sword,  as  when  warning  his  eager  men  : “Don’t  fire  until  you  see 
the  whites  of  their  eyes.”  Col.  Prescott  marched  from  Cambridge  on 
the  night  of  June  i6,  1775,  fortified  this  hill-top,  which  was  attacked 
at  dawn  by  the  broadsides  of  the  British  fleet,  and  later  by  4,000  Royal 

troops  under  Howe  and  Clinton.  The 
American  force,  though  smaller,  and 
inexpert  in  war,  repulsed  two  grand 
assaults,  and  then  were  driven  from  the 
works,  having  lost  450  men  to  the  Brit- 
ish 1,054.  This  was  the  first  open  bat- 
tle of  the  Revolution.  The  anniversary 
is  a holiday  in  Charlestown,  which  was 
burned  during  the  battle  by  hot  shot 
from  the  British  battery  on  Copp’s  Hill, 
and  by  landing-parties  of  marines  and 
blue-jackets. 

The  Charlestown  Soldiers’  and  Sail- 
ors’ Monument,  dedicated  in  1872, 
stands  on  Winthrop  Square,  the  old 
Training-Field,  near  “the  stone  spike 
that’s  druv  through  Bunker  Hill.”  It 
represents  the  Genius  of  America,  hold- 
ing laurels  over  a soldier  and  a sailor. 
The  true  Bunker  Hill,  much  higher 
than  the  battle-ground,  is  crowned  by 
a conspicuous  Catholic  church.  Not 
far  away  extends  one  of  the  new  parks, 
with  a grand  view  over  the  Mystic  Valley. 

The  Charlestown  Burial-Ground,  reached  by  the  short  Phipps  St.  from 
Main  St.,  contains  the  grave  of  John  Harvard,  near  which  the  graduates 
of  the  University  erected  a granite  memorial,  in  1828.  The  Massachu- 
setts State  Prison,  built  in  1804-05,  covers  a broad  area  near  Charles 
River  with  its  gloomy  granite  structures,  crowded  with  desperate  and 
unfortunate  men. 

There  are  many  factories  in  Charlestown,  and  among  them  the  famous 
mustard  and  spice  mills  of  the  Stickney  & Poor  Spice  Co.,  the  oldest 
concern  in  its  line  in  New  England,  and  with  a trade  well  established 
throughout  the  country. 


SOUTH  BOSTON. 


STREET-CARS  run  from  Scollay,  Park,  and  Post-Office  squares  every 
few  minutes  to  South  Boston.  In  1804,  when  it  was  annexed  to 
Boston,  this  hilly  peninsula  had  but  ten  families.  It  was  expected  that 
here  would  rise  the  court  end  of  the  city,  but  the  growth  took  quite  an- 
other form,  and  it  is  now  a factory-quarter,  with  70,000  inhabitants.  In 
this  energetic  industrial  centre  skilled  artificers  make  war-ships,  elevators, 
cordage,  car-wheels,  boilers,  heavy  cannon,  and  steel  and  brass  castings, 
besides  refining  sugar  and  oil,  and  brewing.  The  South-Boston  Iron 

Co.,  founded  by  Cyrus  Al- 
ger, on  Foundry  St.,  cov- 
ered seven  acres,  and  had  the 
largest  iron- works  in  New- 
England,  with  splendidly- 
equipped  shops,  famous  for 
their  product  of  ordnance 
and  projectiles.  , Other 
foundries  may  be  seen  along 
the  water-side;  and  the 
sugar-refineries  tower  high 
on  Granite  St. 

The  Whittier  Machine 
Co.’s  works  at  South  Boston 
are  the  result  of  half  a cen- 
tury’s development.  Here 
are  made  the  passenger  ele- 
vators  — sometimes  called 
the  perpendicular  railways 
— which  have  made  possible 
the  lofty  structures  of  to- 
day. This  was  virtually  the 
pioneer  concern  to  manu- 
facture passenger  elevators, 
and  many  of  the  largest 
buildings  throughout  this 
country,  and  by  far  the  ma- 
CHRisT  CHURCH,  SALEM  AND  HULL  STREETS.  jority  of  important  buildings 

in  Boston,  are  provided  with 
the  Whittier  elevators,  which  are  recognized  as  having  every  possible 
advantage  of  safety,  speed,  elegance  and  durability. 

The  Walworth  Manufacturing  Company,  whose  offices  are  at  14  to  24 
Oliver  St.,  and  whose  works  are  at  South  Boston,  are  manufacturers  of 
steam,  water  and  gas  users’  supplies,  tools,  etc.,  and  such  specialties  as 
Stillson  wrenches,  Allston  wrenches,  Stanwood  pipe  cutters,  Walworth 


219 


I-  5 

Si 


221 


King^s  How  to  See  Bostoji,'"' 

die-plates,  Hall  tapping  machines  and  cast  iron  pipe  cutters,  Ashley 
nipple  holders  and  Walworth  sprinkler  heads.  Their  business  extends 
not  only  throughout  this  country  but  into  England,  Germany  and  all 
parts  of  Europe,  Mexico,  South  America  and  Australia.  Their  plant 
covers  many  acres,  with  iron  and  brass  foundries,  machine  and  forge 
shops,  and  wharves  on  tide  water,  employing  600  men,  besides  150  in 
the  warehouse. 

Here  are  huge  warehouses  ; and  the  New- York  & New-England  docks 
and  elevators,  with  great  European  steamships.  The  approach  to  South 
Boston  is  squalid ; but  Broadway,  its  spacious  tree-lined  main  thorough- 
fare, soon  ascends  to  a pleasanter  region  of  churches  and  homes. 

The  Perkins  Institution  and  Massachusetts  School  for  the  Blind,  or- 
ganized in  1832,  by  Dr.  S.  G.  Howe,  in  1839  occupied  the  Mount- Wash- 
ington House,  a conspicuous  sea-viewing  summer-hotel,  which  had 


BOSTON  HARBOR,  NEAR  ROWE’S  AND  FOSTER’S  WHARVES. 


recently  failed  ; and  there,  and  in  later  buildings,  it  remains.  When  Dr. 
Howe  died,  in  1876,  the  management  passed  to  his  son-in-law,  Michael 
Anagnos.  Even  the  deaf,  dumb  and  blind,  like  Laura  Bridgman  and 
Helen  Kellar,  have  been  educated  into  intelligence  here,  and.  hun- 
dreds of  blind  youth  have  been  taught  self-support,  especially  by  music. 
There  are  30  teachers.  Several  States  support  their  blind  here  ; and 
Massachusetts  makes  a large  yearly  grant.  The  library  and  printery  of 
books  in  raised  letters  are  the  largest  in  the  world.  Visitors  are  admit- 
ted Thursdays  between  ii  and  i. 

Independence  Square  is  an  open  park  of  acres,  between  the  fine 
residence  part  of  Broadway  and  the  harbor.  On  its  low  north  side  are 
the  city  House  of  Correction  ; and  the  Boston  Lunatic  Hospital,  built  in 
1839-46,  for  200  patients,  with  five  acres  of  grounds. 

Close  to  the  Perkins  Institution  is  Thomas  Park,  on  Telegraph  Hill 
(whence  marine  telegraphing  used  to  be  done),  with  a granite  monument 


Khi^s  How  to  See  Boston^  223 

telling  that  on  this  ridge  (then  called  Dorchester  Heights)  Washington 
placed  the  batteries  whose  hot  fire  compelled  the  British  to  evacuate  Bos- 
ton. This  eminence  commands  a superb  view  of  the  harbor,  the  Blue 
Hills,  and  the  city. 

The  Carney  Hospital,  on  Old  Harbor  St.,  is  a noble  institution, 
founded  in  1865,  and  run  by  the  Sisters  of  Charity,  but  unsectarian  as  to 
its  contributors  and  beneficiaries.  The  buildings  are  high-placed,  and 
command  noble  views. 

City  Point  is  the  chief  rendezvous  in  America  for  small  yachts,  and 
affords  a brisk  and  inspiring  sight  on  a breezy  summer  day.  The  Boston 


THE  OLD  FITCHBURG  RAILROAD  STATION,  CAUSEWAY  STREET. 


and  South-Boston  Yacht  Clubs  have  their  houses  here  ; and  near  by  are 
the  yards  where  come  the  celebrated  Burgess  and  other  fast  yachts. 
Small  restaurants  abound  hereabouts. 

The  Marine  Park  occupies  the  seaward  end,  with  walks  and  esplan- 
ades and  lovely  harbor- views.  Here  Kitson’s  fine  bronze  statue  of  Ad- 
miral Farragut  was  set  up,  in  1893.  A long  promenade-pier  leads  to 
Castle  Island,  where  there  are  walks  and  drives  around  the  walls  of  Fort 
Independence,  with  very  noble  sea-views.  This  is  the  oldest  virgin 
fortress  in  the  world,  having  never  surrendered  to  a hostile  attack.  The 
first  battery  was  erected  here  by  the  Puritans,  in  1634,  and  many  a shot 


224 


Khi^s  How  to  See  Bosto?i.''* 

Vas  fired  thence  at  ships,  as  well  as  at  Washington’s  Dorchester- Heights 
forts  in  1776.  Scores  of  distinguished  officers  have  been  in  garrison  here. 
The  present  very  handsome  fort  is  about  half  a century  old,  and  has  been 
ungarrisoned  since  1880,  serving  as  a depot  of  supplies,  and  being  kept 
heavily  armed. 

One  may  return  to  Boston  by  the  Broadway  Bridge  or  Dover- Street 
Bridge,  and  regain  Scollay  Square  by  the  city  routes. 


DORCHESTER. 


Dorchester  is  reached  by  street-cars  from  the  Old  South,  across 
South  Boston  ; or  from  Scollay  Square  or  the  Granary  Burial-Ground, 
across  Roxbury.  The  Old-Colony  and  New-York  & New-England  Rail- 
roads have  a score  of  stations  in  this  suburb. 

It  was  settled  before  Boston,  but,  being  poorly  endowed  with  navigable 
waters,  remained  a quiet  farming-town,  which  within  a few  years  was 
passed  by  Boston.  It  once  reached 
to  the  Rhode-Island  line,  but  sev- 
eral towns  were  carved  out  of  it, 
and  the  metropolis  secured  the 
northward  parts  in  1804.  In  1869 
the  old  town  was  annexed  to  Bos- 
ton. It  then  had  12,000  inhabit- 
ants, the  present  number  being 
35,000.  The  picturesque  hills, 
plains,  forests  and  sea-meadows, 
the  broad  and  tree-shaded  old 
roads,  the  many  fine  estates,  the 
interesting  and  venerable  colonial 
mansions,  the  cheapness  of  land, 
and  the  easy  accessibility  to  the 
city  have  made  this  a favorite  resi- 
dence-quarter, with  countless  mod- 
ern cottages  scattered  over  its 
6,000  acres. 

The  pleasantest  and  most  com- 
prehensive route  traverses  the  at- 
tractive Warren  St.,  Roxbury,  and 
enters  Dorchester  at  Grove  Hall, 
near  Franklin  Park.  Thence  the 
line  runs  for  half  a league  through 
pleasant  semi-rural  scener)%  pass- 
ing the  gardens  of  the  late  M.  P.  union  station,  entrance  arch,  causeway 
Wilder,  the  famous  horticulturist,  street. 

and  closely  approaching  Mount  Bowdoin,  whose  summit  commands  a 


King's  How  to  See  Boston."  225 

fine  sea-view.  Farther  on,  the  noble  Blue  Hills  appear  on  the  right, 
and  the  ocean  on  the  left. 

The  Pierce  house  is  said  to  be  the  second  oldest  house  standing  in  the 
United  States,  having  been  erected  in  1635,  continuing  in  the  pos- 
session of  the  Pierce  family  ever  since.  Its  sides  are  packed  with  sea- 
weed, partly  as  a protection  against  Indian  arrows. 

The  Second  Church,  a dignified  Puritan  temple,  dates  from  1806.  It 
is  Congregational ; and  Arthur  Little  holds  the  pastorate  once  graced  by 
John  Codman.  Just  beyond  is  the  very  fine  Henry  L.  Pierce  Public 
School,  of  Perth- Amboy  salmon  brick,  built  in  1891-92,  and  accommo- 
dating 700  pupils.  On  this  site  until  lately  stood  a colonial  mansion, 
where  Henry  Knox  and  Daniel  Webster  dwelt.  Nearly  opposite  the 
church  is  the  little  old  Dorchester  Town  Hall.  The  car-track  stops  at 
Ashmont ; and  it  is  twenty  minutes’  brisk  walk  thence  southward  to  the 
quaint  valley-hamlet  of  Lower  Mills. 

On  the  harbor-front,  and  best  reached  by  the  Old-Colony  Railroad,  is 
the  picturesque  cluster  of  villas  on  Savin  Hill ; the  old  Abolitionist  vil- 
lage of  Harrison  Square  (founded  in  1840),  with  the  house  and  moorings 
of  the  Dorchester  Yacht  Club  ; Pope’s  Hill,  where  Lucy  Stone  dwelt  ; 
Commercial  Point,  whose  whaling  fleets  have  given  place  to  gas-works ; 
and  busy  Neponset,  with  its  factories  and  wharves.  Thence  a branch  rail- 
way ascends  the  Neponset- River  valley,  passing  near  the  station  at  Cedar- 
Grove  Cemetery. 

Lower  Mills  station  and  village  are  at  the  picturesque  little  falls 
on  the  Neponset  River.  This  is  the  seat  of  Walter  Baker  & Co.’s 
immense  chocolate-mills.  The  first  water-mill  in  America  was  founded 
here  in  1633  by  Israel  Stoughton,  afterwards  one  of  Cromwell’s  colo- 
nels in  England.  Here  are  several  very  ancient  houses ; and  from 
the  villa-crowned  Milton  Hill,  on  the  south,  noble  harbor  and  moun- 
tain views  are  gained.  The  last  station  on  this  branch  is  at  the  de- 
lightful old  rural  village  of  Mattapan,  with  its  quaint  stone  Church  of 
the  Holy  Spirit. 

Meeting-House  Hill  (by  street-cars  from  Franklin  St.,  Boston,  every 
10  minutes)  is  crowned  by  the  church  (built  in  1816)  of  the  First  Parish 
(now  Unitarian),  the  fourth  on  this  site  since  1670.  The  first  meeting- 
house, built  of  logs,  with  palisades  and  armed  guards,  was  erected  in 
1631,  at  Cottage  and  Pleasant  Sts.  On  the  hill  stands  a red  granite 
obelisk,  bearing  the  names  of  the  Dorchester  soldiers  who  died  in  the  War 
for  the  Union.  The  Catholic  Church  of  St.  Peter  is  near  by.  Broad 
harbor  and  sea  views  are  had  from  the  hill.  Southward,  within  a mile, 
is  Field’s  Corner,  with  the  Dorchester  post-office,  public  library,  court- 
house, and  police-station.  Northward,  near  Upham’s  Corner,  is  the 
burial-ground,  interesting  to  antiquaries,  with  monuments  as  far  back 
as  1638,  and  the  graves  of  several  colonial  dignitaries  ; and  near  Five 
Corners  is  the  birthplace  of  Edward  Everett, 


ROXBURY. 

TKE  street-car  routes  described  on  previous  pages  lead  across  the  South 
End  to  Roxbury.  The  Washington- St.  line  is  the  most  interesting, 
and  its  cars  traverse  Scollay  Square,  and  run  out  by  the  Cathedral  and 
the  New- England  Conservatory  of  Music.  A little  way  beyond  is  passed 
the  venerable  and  neglected  Eliot  Burial-Ground,  with  the  graves  of 
Govs.  Thomas  Dudley  and  Joseph  Dudley,  Chief- Justice  Paul  Dudley, 
Gen.  Greaton,  and  others.  The  parish-tomb  contains  the  bones  of  six 
ancient  pastors,  and  of  John  Eliot,  the  famous  apostle  to  the  Indians. 
“ Rocksberry,  because  something  rocky”  (as  a chronicler  wTote  in  1633), 
was  settled  in  1630;  and  gave  Gens.  Dearborn,  Heath,  Greaton  and 
Warren  to  the  Revolutionary  armies ; and  Miles,  Lee  and  Amory, 
Admiral  Winslow,  and  3,271  soldiers  to  the  War  for  the  Union.  It  had 
2,000  inhabitants  in  1775;  and  90,000  in  1890.  In  1846  it  became  a 
city,  and  was  annexed  to  Boston  in  1867.  It  is  a beautifully  diversified 
region  of  hills  and  crags,  meadows  and  dales,  trees  and  gardens,  amid 
which  wind  fine  roads,  bordered  by  thousands  of  happy  suburban  homes. 
The  fine  old  Provincial  mansions  of  the  Shirleys,  Auchmutys  and  other 
great  families  have  vanished  before  this  vigorous  invasion.  The  rather 
somnolent  business  centre  of  Roxbury  is  near  the  convergence  of  Wash- 
ington, Warren  and  Roxbury  Sts.'  The  wooden  meeting-house  (built  in 
1821)  pertains  to  the  Universalists,  and  occupies  the  site  of  Gov.  Dudley’s 
mansion.  Up  the  hill  leads  Roxbury  St.  to  Eliot  Square,  on  one  side  of 
which  is  the  Norfolk  House,  opened  in  1825,  and  now  a comfortable 
family-hotel  and  well-known  landmark.  A short  distance  beyond,  on 
Roxbury  St.,  are  the  art  works  of  L.  Prang  & Co.,  the  art  and  educa- 
tional publishers,  whose  productions  are  in  use  over  all  the  continents. 

The  First  Parish  Church  occupies  pleasant  grounds  on  Eliot  Square, 
with  an  excellent  and  well-preserv’ed  specimen  of  Puritan  architecture, 
dating  from  1804.  The  society  originated  in  1632;  and  for  many  years 
had  for  its  pastor  the  gentle  John  Eliot,  who  gave  most  of  his  time  to 
preaching  to  the  Indians  and  translating  the  Bible  into  their  language. 
After  nearly  two  centuries  of  Orthodoxy,  the  parish  became  Unitarian ; 
and  Dr.  George  Putnam  led  it  from  1830  to  1876.  James  De  Normandie 
has  been  pastor  since  1882.  In  1775-76  the  steeple  on  this  site  served  as 
a signal-station  for  the  American  army ; and  the  church  became  a target 
for  cannon-shot  from  the  British  lines. 

A few  minutes’  walk  along  the  pleasant  Highland  St.,  where  E.  E. 
Hale  dwells  (No.  39)  and  W.  L.  Garrison  long  lived,  leads  to  the  hand- 
some white  minaret  built  for  a water  standpipe  (now  disused),  and  a 
landmark  for  the  southern  suburbs.  Here  stood  the  Roxbury  High  Fort, 
the  key  of  the  American  siege-lines,  built  by  Gen.  Knox  in  1775,  and 
levelled  by  municipal  vandals  in  1869.  Many  a cannon-shot  flew  from 
these  parapets  against  the  Royalist  batteries  in  Boston.  Near  Highland 


226 


L.  PRANQ  & CO.,  ART  PUBLISHERS. 

WORKS  AND  GENERAL  OFFICES  I ROXDURV,  MASS.  SALES  OFFICES,  6S8  WASHINGTON  STREET. 


228 


King^s  How  to  See  Boston^ 

St.  is  the  Fellowes  Athenaeum,  for  which  Caleb  Fellowes  bequeathed  about 
$50,000.  It  is  a public  library  of  30,000  volumes,  including  a popular 
affiliated  branch  of  the  Boston  Public  Library. 

Washington-St.  cars  run  out  by  the  venerable  Episcopal  church  of  St. 
James,  a stone  fane  retired  among  green  lawns ; Notre  Dame  Academy, 
with  its  charming  grounds,  and  the  buildings  where  the  Sisters  of  Notre 
Dame  teach  young  ladies ; and  the  New-England  Hospital  for  Women 
and  Children,  founded  in  1862,  with  medical,  surgical  and  maternity 
wards,  and  a capital  nurses’  training-school,  all  under  the  care  of  a staff 
of  highly  educated  women-physicians.  Then  it  traverses  the  verge  of 
Jamaica  Plain,  near  the  Playstead  and  Glen-Road  entrances  to  Franklin 


ROWE’S  WHARF  AND  FOSTER’S  WHARF,  ATLANTIC  AVENUE,  FOOT  OF  BROAD  STREET. 


Park  ; and  reaches  Forest-Hills  Cemetery.  Street-cars  lead  from  Rox- 
bury’s  business-centre  along  Dudley  St.  to  Dorchester,  traversing  the 
attractive  residence-district  of  Mount  Pleasant. 

Warren  St.,  one  of  the  most  attractive  in  this  extensive  district  of 
homes,  is  traversed  by  street  cars.  Just  to  one  side,  on  Kearsarge 
Avenue,  is  the  famous  Roxbury  Latin  School,  founded  in  1645,  Eliot 
and  Dudley,  and  prolific  in  eminent  men.  It  is  not  a part  of  the  public- 
school  system  ; and  has  150  pupils.  The  birthplace  of  Gen.  Warren  is 
shown  by  a tablet  upon  a stone  cottage  occupying  its  site,  on  Warren 
St.  Close  by  is  the  handsome  stone  church  (with  costly  memorial 
window)  of  the  Roxbury  Swedenborgians.  At  216  Warren  St.  is  the 
house  of  the  Roxbury  Club,  including  nearly  300  well-to-do  business 
men.  At  Warren  and  Montrose  Sts.  stands  the  grand  new  Roxbury  High 
School  ; and  at  Elm  Hill  is  the  handsome  All  Souls’  Church  (Unitarian), 
a quaint  stone  building,  embowered  among  the  trees.  Not  far  beyond  is 
the  broad  open  plaza  of  Grove  Hall,  with  the  late  Dr.  Cullis’s  unique 
home  for  consumptives,  supported  by  funds  received  in  answer  to  prayer. 


King's  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston,  ” 229 

Thence  one  car-line  runs  to  Mount  Bowdoin  and  Dorchester ; and 
another  ascends  quickly  to  Franklin  Park. 

Franklin  Park,  the  leading  feature  of  Boston’s  park  system,  covers 
about  600  acres,  and  has  cost,  since  1870,  over  $3,000,000.  The  high 
and  rugged  ground  on  the  north  has  been  rather  elaborately  adorned,  in  a 
decorative  urban  manner,  with  the  superb  lawn  of  the  Playstead,  broken 
only  by  a flagstaff  of  Oregon  pine ; the  very  spacious  and  high-placed 
Overlook  house,  800  feet  long,  girt 
about  with  flower-fringed  battle- 
ments of  rock  ; the  inchoate  drive- 
way of  the  Greeting;  and  other 
features. 

A long  and  handsome  masonry 
wall,  with  very  picturesque  por- 
tals, red-tiled  tops,  and  bastions 
of  roses,  separates  this  section 
from  the  so-called  Country  Park, 
where  the  features  have  been  made 
more  broad,  free  and  natural,  with 
the  trellised  Italian  arbors  of 
Schoolmaster  Hill  (in  old  days 
R.  W.  Emerson’s  favorite  haunt), 
the  splendid  carriage-concourse 
crowning  Scarborough  Hill,  the 
long  vistas  down  Nazingdale,  the 
venerable  forest  of  Abbotswood, 
and  other  glorious  attractions. 

Firm  white  roads  wind  along  the 
rich  green  pastures,  where  collie- 
dogs  and  shepherds  guard  flocks 
of  grazing  sheep,  put  here  for 
picturesque  effect ; and  tall  elms 
diversify  the  sloping  glades  with 
their  flower-like  grace.  At  the  end  of  the  vistas  rise  the  distant  and  lofty 
Blue  Hills  of  Milton,  with  admirable  artistic  effects.  There  are  quiet 
blue  ponds,  half-artificial  labyrinths  of  wilderness,  really  remarkable  rock- 
scenery,  tennis  and  ball  grounds,  refectories,  and  shelters  for  rainy  hours. 
The  best  way  to  see  these  attractions  is  to  take  the  comfortable  park- 
carriages,  always  in  waiting  at  the  gate  on  Blue-Hill  Avenue  (at  the  end 
of  the  Boston  street-car  line).  The  drivers  are  familiar  with  the  points 
of  interest.  The  drive  is  seven  miles  long;  and  the  charge  is  25  cents 
for  each  person. 

Franklin  Field  is  a tract  of  80  acres,  just  beyond  the  park,  on  Blue- 
Hill  Avenue,  changed  by  the  city  in  1893-94  from  a flower-entangled  wet 
meadow  to  a vast  level  lawn,  for  the  drilling  of  the  militia  in  summer, 
and  the  playing  of  cricket  and  other  games.  In  winter  it  is  flooded,  for 


BUNKER-HILL  MONUMENT,  CHARLESTOWN. 


230 


Kuig's  “ How  to  See  Bostoii^ 


skating.  The  Park  and  Field  were  named  for  Benjamin  Franklin,  the 
most  illustrious  native  of  Boston,  who  in  1791  bequeathed  the  town 

;^i,ooo,  to  be  loaned  out  as  directed, 
the  accruing  fund  to  be  given  to  Bos- 
ton, after  a century,  “for  public  works 
to  make  living  more  convenient  to  its 
people,  and  more  agreeable  to  strang- 
ers resorting  thither.”  In  1891,  there- 
fore, the  city  received  nearly  $400,000 
from  this  fund,  which  was  first  in- 
tended to  be  devoted  to  the  park,  but 
afterwards  was  set  apart  for  a great 
trades-school. 

Within  20  years,  Boston  has  gener- 
ously paid  out  $15,000,000  for  parks, 
including  those  at  East  Boston  and 
Charlestown  Heights,  Charlesbank,  the 
Fens,  Jamaica  Pond,  the  Arboretum, 
Franklin  Park,  and  the  Marine  Park 
at  South  Boston,  with  their  connecting 
parkways  ; and  also  including  her  pro- 
portion of  the  cost  of  the  outlying  Met- 
ropolitan parks,  at  Middlesex  Fells,  the 
Waverly  Oaks,  the  Stony-Brook  forest, 
and  the  Blue  Hills.  The  landscape- 
architect  was  Frederick  Law  Olmsted. 


PRESCOTT  STATUE, 

BUNKER-HILL  MONUMENT,  CHARLESTOWN. 


VIEW  OF  BOSTON  FROM  THE  HARBOR. 


“ Boston  is  more  authentic  and  individual,  more  municipal,  after  the  old  pat- 
tern, than  any  other  modern  city.  It  gives  its  stamp,  it  characterizes.  Even  Bos- 
ton provinciality  is  a precious  testimony  to  the  authoritative  personality  of  the  city. 
Cosmopolitanism  is  a modern  vice,  and  we’re  antique,  we’re  classic,  in  the  other 
thing.’’ — Howells. 


JAMAICA  PLAIN  AND  WEST  ROXBURY. 


JAMAICA  Plain  or  Forest  Hills  may  be  reached  by  the  Providence 
Railroad  ; or  else  in  half  an  hour  by  street-cars  from  the  Granary 
Burial-Ground  every  five  minutes  across  the  South  End  to  Jamaica  Plain. 
The  street-cars  also  reach  Forest  Hills.  The  route  is  along  Tremont  St. 
Near  Tremont  station  is  seen  a region  of  immense  breweries,  where 
Pfaff,  Roessle,  Burkhardt,  and  other  experts  yearly  make  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  barrels  of  lager  beer.  Quite  naturally,  a large  German  popula- 
tion has  settled  in  this  fragrant  valley.  The  huge  and  frequently  ornate 
brick  buildings,  with  their  broad  yards,  indicate  a high  prosperity  in  the  busi- 
ness of  making  bitter  decoctions  of  malt.  On  the  right  is  the  lofty  Parker 
Hill ; and  on  the  high  ground  on  the  left.  Prang’s  lithograph  works  and 
the  graceful  white  tower  of  the  Highland  stand-pipe.  North  Heath  and 
Marcella  Sts.  lead  to  the  much-praised  Marcella-St.  Home,  a municipal 
asylum  for  pauper  and  neglected  children  under  i6,  with  graded  schools 
and  religious  services. 

Another  short  walk, 
along  Amory  St.,  leads 
to  the  Notre-Dame  Aca- 
demy and  the  New- 
England  Hospital. 

The  street-cars 
cross  the  Providence 
Railway  on  Centre  St., 
a broad  and  pleasant 
rural  thoroughfare,  with 
spacious  estates  and 
shadowy  old  trees  on  its 
sides.  The  h'ree  Kin- 
dergarten for  the  Blind, 
a department  of  the 
Perkins  Institution,  has 
fine  brick  buildings  and 
several  acres  of 
grounds,  at  Day  and 
Perkins  Sts.,  near  the 
Jamaica  Parkway. 

Jamaica  Plain  was 
first  known  as  Pond 
Plain.  A witty  anti- 
quary claims  that  its 
present  name  came  from 
the  frequent  shouting 

about  its  tavern  of  the  soldiers*  and  sailors*  monument,  Charlestown. 


232 


234  King's  How  to  See  Bosto7iy 

words  ‘‘Jamaica  Plain,”  meaning  that  the  roystering  rustics  and  thirsty 
travellers  wanted  their  West-India  rum  untrimmed  by  contamination  of 
water  or  sugar.  But  sober  history  claims  that  the  name  was  given  about 
the  year  1680,  in  honor  of  Oliver  Cromwell’s  recent  conquest  of  the  island 
of  Jamaica  from  Spain.  Govs.  Bernard,  Hancock  and  Bowdoin,  Com. 
Loring,  “Peter  Parley,”  Parkman,  and  other  well-known  persons  have 
had  their  country-seats  hereabouts  ; and  several  fine  old  colonial  man- 
sions still  survive.  The  region  around  Jamaica  Pond  has  many  handsome 
estates,  with  pleasant  and  picturesque  roads.  The  street-cars  pass  Curtis 
Hall,  a large  and  handsome  building  built  for  the  town  hall,  before  West 
Roxbury  was  annexed  to  Boston  ; and  the  Unitarian  Church,  a dignified 


PERKINS’  INSTITUTION  AND  MASS.  SCHOOL  FOR  THE  BLIND,  EAST  BROADWAY,  SOUTH  BOSTON. 

stone  edifice  dating  from  1854.  The  society  was  organized  in  1770. 
Between  these  stands  the  Soldiers’  Monument,  erected  in  1871,  a tall 
Gothic  granite  canopy  crowned  by  a military  statue,  and  enshrining  mar- 
ble tablets  with  the  names  of  the  West- Roxbury  soldiers  who  died  in  the 
War  for  the  Union. 

Jamaica  Park  is  a beautiful  pleasure-ground  of  90  acres,  reached  by 
Pond  St.  from  the  car-line,  and  made  up  of  the  highly  diversified  shores, 
hills  and  woodlands  around  the  deep  and  crystalline  Jamaica  Pond. 
This  lakelet  of  70  acres,  60  feet  deep,  used  to  supply  Boston  with  water. 


King's  How  to  See  Boston,^'' 


235 


conducted  through  pipes  of  hollowed  logs.  On  the  village  side  is  Pine 
Bank,  the  former  Perkins  estate  ; and  high  on  the  opposite  shore  is  the 
estate  where  Francis  Parkman,  the  historian,  spent  his  summers  for 
many  years.  His  friends  have  raised  a fund  to  erect  a memorial  here. 
A charming  parkway,  with  ponds  and  meadows,  trees  and  thickets, 
unites  Jamaica  Park  with  the  Back-Bay  Fens  ; and  another  leads  to 
the  Arboretum.  The  beautiful  Franklin  Park  lies  close  to  Jamaica  Plain, 
and  may  be  entered  by  Glen  Road, 
amid  some  fine  rock-scenery. 

The  Arnold  Arboretum  and  Bussey 
Institution,  a mile  or  so  south  of  the 
village,  by  South  St. , is  an  estate  origi- 
nally of  360  acres,  and  since  much  en- 
larged. This  property  and  a consider- 
able fund  were  bequeathed  in  1842  by 
Benjamin  Bussey,  to  Harvard  Univer- 
sity, for  a school  of  agriculture  and 
horticulture.  It  came  into  the  posses- 
sion of  the  University  in  1870  ; and 
two  years  later  James  Arnold  of  New 
Bedford  bequeathed  to  Harvard  $100,- 
000,  to  create  here  an  arboretum  and  a 
professorship  of  tree-culture.  Harvard 
maintains  these  institutions ; and  the 
city  of  Boston  constructs  and  keeps  up 
and  polices  the  roads  and  paths,  and 
receives  in  return  the  use  of  the  domain 
as  a part  of  its  park  system,  for  999 
years.  The  Bussey  Institution  has  a 
handsome  Victorian-Gothic  stone  build- 
ing of  1 12  feet  front,  on  a far-viewing 
eminence,  for  its  class-rooms  ; and  a 
new  fireproof  brick  edifice  for  the  her-  farragut  statue, 

barium,  library,  etc.  The  Arboretum  marine  park,  south  boston. 

is  the  finest  and  most  extensive  and  varied  collection  of  trees  in  the 
world  ; and  is  traversed  by  charming  winding  roads  and  paths,  leading 
upward  to  the  concourse  on  top  of  Mount  Bellevue,  with  its  vast  and 
impressive  prospect. 

The  Adams  Nervine  Asylum,  adjacent  to  the  Bussey  grounds,  on 
Centre  St.,  has  18  acres  of  pleasant  park-land,  and  is  devoted  to  relieving 
over-nervous  Massachusetts  persons,  not  insane.  It  was  opened  in  1880, 
upon  an  endowment  of  $600,000  from  Seth  Adams,  a South  Boston 
sugar-refiner. 

Forest- Hills  Cemetery,  on  the  other  side  of  the  Providence  Railway, 
adjoins  Franklin  Park,  and  covers  225  acres.  The  gateway  is  one  of  the 
finest  in  the  country,  and  includes  several  lofty  Gothic  portals  of  Rox- 


236  King's  How  to  See  Boston.^'' 

bury  stone,  richly  mantled  with  ivy.  Its  inscriptions,  in  golden  letters 
are;  I Am  the  Resurrection  and  the  Life;  and;  He  that  Keepeth  Thee  Will 
Not  Slumber.  On  one  side  is  the  handsome  stone  chapel ; and  on  the 
hill  within  rises  a noble  and  lofty  bell-tower  of  stone,  not  far  from  the 
receiving-tomb.  In  this  labyrinth  of  graves  are  the  last  resting-places  of 
Admirals  Winslow  (of  the  Kearsarge)  and  Thatcher,  Gens.  Warren, 
(slain  at  Bunker  Hill)  and  Dearborn,  E.  L.  Davenport  and  John  Gilbert, 
W.  L.  Garrison  and  J.  F.  Clarke,  and  many  other  whilom  notables. 
The  ground  is  pleasantly  diversified  by  lakes  and  far-viewing  hills,  and 
the  most  exquisite  landscape-gardening.  The  soldiers’  lot  contains  Mil- 
more’s  gigantic  bronze  soldier,  erected  in  1867,  to  commemorate  the 


MARINE  PARK,  SOUTH  BOSTON. 


Roxbury  soldiers  slain  in  the  War  for  the  Union,  whose  names  are  carved 
on  the  surrounding  walls.  They  were  largely  of  the  35^^  Mass., 
and  died  at  Antietam.  The  most  artistic  monument  is  the  relief  showing 
Death  staying  the  hand  of  the  sculptor,  executed  by  D.  C.  French,  and 
placed  over  Milmore’s  grave.  Winslow’s  memorial  is  a granite  boulder 
from  Mt.  Kearsarge.  The  cemetery  is  easily  reached  from  town  by  the 
Providence  Railway  to  Forest-Hills  station;  and  street-cars  also  run  from 
the  station  to  the  city,  along  Washington  St.  Mount- Hope  Cemetery, 
to  the  southward,  contains  106  acres,  with  the  Soldiers’  Monument  of 
heavy  artillery,  given  by  the  Government. 

^ Near  the  Jamaica  Plain  Station  of  the  Providence  Railroad  (N.  Y., 
N.  H.  & Hartford  R.  R.)  is  the  extensive  plant  of  the  B.  F.  Sturtevant 
Co.,  the  most  eminent  manufacturers  of  blowers  and  exhaust  fans,  which 


238  Kin^s  How  to  See  Boston.^'' 

are  now  so  widely  used  for  heating,  ventilating,  drying,  exhausting  and 
other  purposes.  Here  also  are  made  many  other  Sturtevant  machines, 
steam  engines,  portable  forges,  hot-blast  heating  apparatus,  etc. 

There  are  several  pleasant  suburban  villages  farther  out  in  West 
Roxbury.  There  also  is  Brook  Farm,  an  estate  of  200  acres  along 
Charles  River,  where  Ripley,  Hawthorne,  C.  A.  Dana,  Margaret  Fuller, 
and  others  established  a socialistic  community  in  1841.  It  broke  up  in 
1847.  glorious  2d  Massachusetts  Infantry  encamped  here. 


PIERCE  HOUSE  ON  OAK  AVENUE,  LEADING  FROM  ADAMS  STREET,  IN  DORCHESTER. 


before  departing  for  Virginia.  The  estate  now  pertains  to  a German 
Lutheran  orphans’  home.  It  is  25  minutes’  walk  from  West -Roxbury 
station. 


LEXINGTON. 

Lexington  (Boston  & Maine  R.  R.,  eleven  miles  out)  was  the  scene  of 
the  first  battle  of  the  Revolution,  when  Pitcairn’s  British  light  infantry 
opened  a fatal  fire  on  the  local  minute-men,  in  line  on  the  Green.  The 
Royalist  raiders  destroyed  a few  Provincial  military  supplies  at  Concord, 
6 miles  west,  but  were  hunted  back  to  Boston  by  the  fast-assembling  militia, 
losing  273  men,  and  barely  escaping  annihilation.  The  Lexington  Town 
Hall  contains  statues  of  Hancock  and  Adams,  and  the  Minute-Man  of 
1775  and  the  Volunteer  of  1861;  and  many  curiosities.  The  Cary  Free 
Library  is  in  this  building.  The  forest  and  hill  scenery  in  this  region  is 
full  of  quiet  beauty.  Theodore  Parker  was  born  here. 


BROOKLINE  AND  NEWTON. 

The  street-car  ride  from  the  Granary  Burial-Ground  to  Chestnut  Hill 
is  the  most  attractive  and  interesting  excursion  by  land  out  of  Bos- 
ton. The  cars  follow  Tremont  St.  to  the  end  of  the  Common,  and  then 
go  up  Boylston  St.,  past  the  Common  and  Public  Garden,  Trinity  Church, 
the  Museum  of  Fine  Arts,  and  the  Public  Library,  and  on  to  Massachusetts 
Avenue.  Here  it  passes  the  Norseman  statue  and  the  Harvard  Bridge, 
and  turns  on  to  the  famous  Beacon  St.,  with  Charles  River  on  the  right. 
Beyond  the  sumptuous  Charlesgate  Hotel,  it  crosses  the  Back-Bay  Fens, 
with  interesting  views  all  around.  Outer  Beacon  St.,  generally  known 
as  the  Boulevard,  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  of  American  thorough- 
fares. Within  a few  years  it  has  been  developed  from  an  ordinary  sub- 
urban road  into  a parkway  of  imperial  width,  with  the  car-tracks  hidden 

in  a grassy 
and  tree- 
shaded  belt 
in  the  cen- 
tre ; broad 
driveways  on 
either  side  ; 
and  pleasant 
sidewalks 
beyond.  The 
handsomest 
equipages  in 
the  State 
traverse  this 
road  (but 
hardly  in 
summer),  to- 
gether with 
many  hum- 
bler turn-outs,  and  endless  scattering  processions  of  all  manner  of  cycles. 
On  the  heights  to  the  left  conspicuously  loom  the  Beaconfield  Terrace 
and  similar  lines  of  handsome  houses,  provided  with  certain  noteworthy 
communistic  features  to  enhance  their  luxury. 

Longwood  is  an  idyllic  hamlet  just  to  the  left  of  the  Boulevard,  with 
many  patrician  homes  under  its  overarching  trees,  grouped  around  the 
handsome  Gothic  Episcopal  Church  of  Our  Saviour,  with  its  stone  spire, 
rich  stained-glass  windows,  and  broad  surrounding  lawns.  A little  way 
beyond  is  a stone  chapel,  built  and  maintained  by  the  Sears  family  as  a 
memorial.  The  luxurious  cottages  and  fragrant  gardens,  the  quiet  and 
refinement  of  Longwood  have  long  made  it  a hoped-for  ideal  for  young 
persons  contemplating  matrimony  ; wherefore  one  of  its  little  streets  has 

239 


EDWARD  EVERETT  HALE’S  HOME,  39  HIGHLAND  STREET,  ROXBURY. 


boston  and  its  surroundings. 


241 


Kmg's  “ How  to  See  Boston."''' 

borne  the  popular  appellation  of  “Honeymoon  Row.”  The  Fenway  and 
Riverdale  park  strip,  connecting  the  Back-Bay  Fens  with  Jamaica  Park, 
occupies  the  valley  to  the  eastward,  with  pleasant  walks  and  rambles, 
Corey  Hill  rises  from  the  Boulevard  on  the  right,  and  has  many  houses. 
It  commands  one  of  the  finest  views  in  Eastern  Massachusetts. 

Chestnut- Hill  Reservoir,  five  miles  from  the  Boston  City  Hall,  in 
Brighton,  is  the  usual  terminus  of  the  Boulevard  rides.  It  has  125  acres 
of  water-surface,  containing  730,000,000  gallons,  and  receiving  in  its  two 
sections  the  waters  from  Cochituate  Lake  and  the  Sudbury  River,  either 
separate  or  blended,  according  to  desire.  The  colossal  and  ingenious 
pumping  machinery,  in  a large  stone  building  near  the  Boulevard,  will 
reward  inspection.  The  reservoir  is  encircled  by  a splendid  macadamized 


ROXBURY  HIGH  6CHCX5L,  WARREN  AND  MONTROSE  STREETS,  ROXBURY. 


driveway,  60  or  80  feet  wide  and  two  and  one  half  miles  long,  traversing 
beautiful  grounds  and  overlooking  this  beneficent  artificial  lake,  whose 
irregular  curving  shores  increase  the  beauty  of  the  scene.  Common- 
wealth Avenue  passes  near  the  northern  side,  in  its  magnificent  course 
from  the  Boston  Public  Garden  far  out  into  the  Newtons.  Beyond  the 
reservoir  is  the  patrician  hamlet  of  Chestnut  Hill,  the  home  of  the  Lees, 
Lowells,  Shaws,  and  Saltonstalls  ; and  still  farther  out  is  the  venerable 
village  of  Newton  Centre. 

Brookline  proper,  the  chief  business-centre  of  the  town,  may  be  reached 
by  turning  from  the  Boulevard  to  the  southward  down  Harvard  St.,  pass- 
ing the  very  handsome  Harvard  Congregational  Church.  Here  is  the 


242 


King's  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston.  ” 


spacious  stone  Town  Hall ; 
and  also  the  Public  Library 
(of  30,000  volumes),  with 
several  churches  and  many 
stores.  This  town,  with  up- 
wards of  12,000  inhabitants 
and  enormous  wealth,  has  at 
several  elections  refused  to 
be  annexed  to  the  metropo- 
lis, preferring  its  own  local 
administration,  although 
nearly  surrounded  by  Boston. 
Its  pleasant  valleys  and  noble 
hills  are  traversed  by  the 
finest  of  streets,  which  it  is 
the  fashion  here  to  call 
“roads,”  as  Gardner  Road, 
Lanark,  Chiswick  and  Sel- 
kirk Roads,  etc. ; and  here 
are  the  secluded  country-houses  of  scores  of  wealthy  families.  In  the 
remoter  rural  region  is  the  estate  of  the  fashionable  Country  Club,  made 
up  of  600  swell  Bostonians,  who  find  here  capital  facilities  for  riding, 
golf,  tennis,  shooting,  polo  and  other 
athletic  sports,  and  good  dinners  withal. 

Newton,  “the  Garden  City,”  has  a 
dozen  picturesque  Albany  R.  R.  sta- 
tions. There  are  also  street-car  lines 
from  Boston  to  Newton,  across  Cam- 
bridge or  Brookline  and  Brighton. 

Newton  has  25,000  inhabitants,  in  15 
beautiful  villages,  amid  much  pleasant 
scenery  of  hills  and  forests,  lakes  and 
winding  streams,  meadows  and  upland 
plains.  It  has  a handsome  Public 
Library  (50,000  volumes),  the  Baptist 
Theological  Seminary,  the  Lasell  Sem- 
inary, Lee’s  fine  Woodland-Park  Hotel, 
delightful  boating  on  the  Charles,  just 
below  where  it  is  spanned  by  the  grace- 
ful Echo  Bridge,  one  of  the  most  won- 
derful pontifical  constructions  in  the 
world.  It  is  the  home  of  the  Rev.  Dr. 

S.  F.  Smith,  who  wrote  “America.” 

One  may  return  from  Brookline  or  to 
Boston  quickly  by  the  Albany  Railroad  ; „<,nument. 

or  more  leisurely  by  the  electric  cars.  mount  hope  cemetery. 


QINN  & COMPANY,  EDUCATIONAL  PUBLISHERS 


REVERE  SUGAR  REFINERY  CO.,  SUGAR  REFINERS. 

REFINERIES  : EAST  CAMBRIDGE.  OFFICES  : BROAD  AND  CENTRAL  STREETS,  BOSTON. 


250  King's  “ How  to  See  Boston.''"' 

Co.,  employing  1,000  persons,  where  visitors  will  be  interested  in  seeing 
the  rapid  and,  it  may  be  so  called,  the  humane  processes  of  procuring  and 
preparing  meats  for  mankind. 

The  Revere  Sugar  Refinery,  established  in  1872,  has  an  extensive 
plant  at  East  Cambridge,  and  is  celebrated  for  producing  only  the  very 
best  qualities  of  sugars,  using  exclusively  the  highest  grades  of  sugar 
cane,  and  totally  avoiding  the  use  of  beets.  The  products,  universally 
known  as  “Revere  sugars,”  are  sold  by  Nash,  Spaulding  & Co.,  of  Bos- 
ton, who  are  the  main  owners  of  the  refinery. 

On  First  St.  the  eminent  school-book  firm  of  Ginn  & Co.  are  estab- 
lishing a model  industrial  community,  made  up  of  their  mammoth 
brick  and  stone  printing-house,  and  the  comfortable  new  dwellings  of 
their  employees.  The  text-books  of  Ginn  & Co.  , in  ancient  and  modern 
languages,  covering  the  whole  field  of  education,  rank  as  the  peers  of  any 

in  the  world.  On  Hamp- 
shire St.  are  the  numerous 
buildings  and  offices  of  the 
Geo.  G.  Page  Box  Company, 
by  far  the  largest  and  best- 
equipped  concern  in  its  in- 
dustry in  New  England. 
The  variety  in  shapes,  sizes, 
and  qualities  of  the  boxes 
turned  out  here  for  its 
myriad  of  patrons  is  almost 
incredible. 

The  Riverside  Press,  less 
than  a mile  from  Harvard 
University,  on  the  banks  of 
Charles  River,  was  founded 
in  1851  by  H.  O.  Hough- 
ton, and  has  four  acres  of 
grounds,  with  handsome 
b u i 1 d in  g s and  600  em- 
ployees. Here  are  printed 
the  several  thousand  books 
bearing  the  imprint  of 
Houghton,  Mifflin  & Co.,  a 
publishing  house  not  sur- 
passed in  the  world.  The 
first  printing-press  in  Amer- 
ica was  set  up  at  Harvard 
College  in  1639. 

Four  beautiful  public  buildings  of  Cambridge  are  essentially  the 
philanthropic  gifts  of  F.  H.  Rindge,  a former  resident,  whose  father, 
Samuel  B.  Rindge,  left  a vast  estate.  They  include  the  City  Hall,  a 


WASHINGTON  ELM,  AND  SHEPARD  CHURCH,  CAMBRIDGE. 


252 


Kmg's  Hotv  to  See  Boston. 


noble  and  stately  stone  edifice,  on  Massachusetts  Avenue,  with  a tower 
which  would  do  honor  to  Florence  ; the  Public  Library,  a very  attractive 
round-arched  stone  building,  at  Broadway  and  Trowbridge  St.,  contain- 
ing over  50,000  volumes  ; the  High  School,  an  imposing  stone  and  light 
pressed-brick  structure,  opposite  the  Public  Library,  for  which  Mr. 
Rindge  donated  the  land  ; and  the  ^Manual  Training  School,  a quaint 
brick  building  thoroughly  equipped  for  its  varied  instructions,  the  whole 
cost  of  which,  as  well  as  its  maintenance,  is  borne  by  Mr.  Rindge.  These 
three  institutions  form  valuable  adjuncts  to  Cambridge’s  Public  Schools. 

Harvard  University,  the  illustrious  institution  which  has  made  Cam- 
bridge known  in  all  civilized  lands,  is  in  that  part  of  the  city  known  as 
Old  Cambridge.  The  College  Yard  includes  22  acres. 

The  Legislature  in  1636  appropriated  ;i£’400,  or  an  entire  year’s  tax 
of  the  Colony,  for  a school  at  Newtown  (Cambridge)  ; and  two  years 
later  John  Haiward,  a young  non-conforming  curate  of  Charlestown,  died, 


WASHINGTON’S  HEADQUARTERS,  LONGFELLOW’S  HOME,  BRATTLE  STREET,  CAMBRIDGE. 

and  bequeathed  ;^Soo  and  his  library  to  the  new  institution,  which  by 
legislative  act  then  received  his  name.  By  degrees,  and  with  very  hard 
work,  the  college  has  freed  itself  from  State  and  Church,  and  accumulated 
property  estimated  at  812,000,000,  while  gaining  a paramount  place  in 
education.  The  schools  of  medicine,  dentistry,  and  veterinary  medicine 
are  in  Boston  ; that  of  agriculture  in  West  Roxbury  ; and  the  academic, 
scientific,  law,  divinity,  and  graduates’  schools,  in  Cambridge.  Each 
school  has  its  own  funds  and  faculty.  In  the  summer  vacation  the  College 
Yard  is  deserted,  and  outside  falls  “ the  elmy  quiet  of  the  dear  old  Cam- 
bridge streets,”  extending  Arlington- ward  along  Massachusetts  Avenue, 
which  Howells  called  “ not  only  handsome,  but  probably  the  very  dullest 
street  in  the  world.” 


254  Kin^s  How  to  See  Boston.'' 

The  main  entrance  to  the  College  Yard  is  from  the  western  side, 
through  the  antique  Johnston  gateway,  designed  by  McKim,  Mead  & 
White.  Pertaining  to  Harvard  University  are  too  many  buildings  to  be 
enumerated  here.  The  venerable  Massachusetts  Hall,  erected  in  1720,  a 
barrack  for  American  troops  in  the  Revolution,  a dormitory  for  over  a 
century,  is  now  occupied  by  lecture-halls.  Parkman  roomed  here. 
Harvard  Hall,  with  a quaint  belfry,  was  erected  in  1765,  and  now  has 
lecture-rooms,  etc.  Matthews  Hall,  a handsome  Gothic  dormitory,  was 
erected  in  1872,  at  a cost  of  $120,000.  Dane  Hall,  a little  brick  building, 
was  from  1830  to  1885  the  seat  of  the  Law  School.  The  granite  Boyls- 
ton  Hall  contains  chemical  laboratories  and  collections.  Grays  Hall,  built 
of  brick,  in  1863,  has  52  suites  of  dormitories.  Wadsworth  House  (1726), 
a brown  wooden  building  fronting  on  Massachusetts  Avenue,  was  for  123 
years  the  home  of  the  Harvard  presidents.  College  House,  across  the 
square  west  from  the  yard,  was  the  domicile  of  Evarts,  Dana,  Justice 

Gray,  Rockwood 
and  G.  F.  Hoar, 
Prof.  Goodwin 
and  Joseph  H. 
Choate.  Gore 
Hall,  a g r a y - 
granite  Gothic 
building,  erected 
in  1838,  and  later 
enlarged,  con- 
tains many  inter- 
esting pictures 
and  busts,  and  the 
University  Li- 
brary of  450,000 
volumes.  Only 
the  Congressional 

and  Boston  Public  libraries  exceed  it  in  number  ; and  even  these  have 
fewer  unduplicated  books.  Weld  Hall  is  a Mansard-roofed  brick  dormi- 
tory. University  Hall  (1815)  is  a white-granite  building,  with  university 
offices.  Sever  Hall,  with  its  recitation  and  lecture  rooms,  is  one  of  the 
notable  architectural  works  of  H.  H.  Richardson.  Thayer  Hall,  erected 
in  1870,  at  a cost  of  $i  15,000,  has  68  dormitory  suites.  The  round-arched 
yellow-stone  Appleton  Chapel  is  where  the  students  voluntarily  attend 
religious  services.  The  Fogg  Art  Museum,  with  its  rounding  walls  and 
heavy  pillars,  is  to  contain  the  art-treasures  of  the  university.  Holden 
Chapel,  built  in  1744,  has  been  later  used  for  instruction  and  elocutionary 
practice.  Between  Hollis  and  Harvard  is  the  Class  Tree,  around  which 
half  a century  of  classes  about  to  graduate  have  enjoyed  their  peculiar 
frolics  in  the  presence  of  their  hosts  of  friends.  Holworthy,  Stoughton, 
and  Hollis  Halls,  three  ancient  brick  dormitories,  have  had  many  famous 


256  Kmg's  '‘'‘How  to  See  Boston^ 

occupanis.  In  the  demure  Hollis  Hall  (1763),  Emerson,  Sumner, 
Thoreau,  Felton,  Hillard,  Cushing,  E.  R.  Hoar,  G.  T.  Bigelow,  A.  P. 
Peabody,  Horatio  Greenough,  Everett,  W.  H.  Prescott,  C.  F.  Adams, 
B.  R.  Curtis  and  Wendell  Phillips  roomed  when  Harvard  students. 
Stoughton  Hall  (1805)  was  the  domicile  of  Holmes,  President  Quincy, 
Phillips  Brooks,  A.  H.  Everett,  Judge  Preble,  and  E.  E.  Hale. 

Memorial  Hall,  built  by  the  alumni  in  1870-76,  at  a cost  of  8422,000, 
is  of  brick  and  sandstone,  310  by  115  feet,  with  a conspicuous  tower  200 
feet  high,  visible  for  miles.  At  the  east  end  is  the  classical  Sanders 
Theatre,  for  public  exercises  and  concerts  ; and  under  the  tower  is  the 
Memorial  Transept,  115  feet  long  and  58  feet  high,  with  marble  tablets 
bearing  the  names  of  1 36  Harv^ard  men  who  were  slain  in  the  War  for  the 
Union.  The  immense  dining-hall  (larger  than  any  in  England),  where 
more  than  1,200  students  eat  daily,  stretches  thence  westward,  164  by  60 
feet,  and  80  feet  high,  with  a grand  timber-roof ; a lofty  wainscot,  em- 
bellished with  scores  of  portraits  of  New- England  worthies,  by  artists  like 
Copley  and  Stuart,  Hunt  and  Vin- 
ton, Powers  and  Crawford  (cata- 
logues near  entrance)  ; many  very 
costly  memorial  stained-glass  win- 
dows, erected  by  various  classes ; 
and  a magnificent  western  window, 
emblazoned  with  the  arms  of  the 
Republic,  the  State,  and  the  Uni- 
versity. Outside  the  Memorial- 
Hall  cloister  is  the  fine  bronze 
ideal  statue  of  John  Harvard,  by 
D.  C.  French,  erected  in  1884. 

Divinity  Avenue  leads  from  the 
northern  side  of  Memorial  Hall  to 
the  Divinity  School  (unsectarian  ; 
but  Unitarian  in  tone),  with  its  pretty  library-building  ; and  the  enormous 
Agassiz  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology,  and  the  Peabody  ]Museum  of 
American  Archceology  and  Ethnology,  etc.,  with  several  acres  of  floor- 
space,  and  millions  of  curiosities.  North  of  the  College  Yard  is  the 
noble  Romanesque  Austin  Hall,  designed  by  H.  H.  Richardson  for  the 
Harvard  Law  School  ; the  modern  colonial  Hemenway  Gymnasium,  with 
its  perfect  equipment ; the  plain  brick  Jefferson  Physical  Laboratory, 
Lawrence  Scientific  School,  and  other  departments,  together  with  several 
fine  dormitory  buildings.  Half  a mile  westward  are  the  many  structures 
of  the  Observatory  and  the  Botanic  Garden,  with  several  acres  of  grounds, 
on  a pleasant  hill. 

Radcliffe  College,  on  Garden  St.,  with  its  library,  laboratories,  etc.,  is 
the  headquarters  of  400  women  students,  who  have  similar  courses  and  the 
same  instructors  as  the  Harvard  students,  with  access  to  the  museums,  labo- 
ratories and  libraries,  and  diplomas  countersigned  by  Harvard  University. 


SPHINX,  MT.  AUBURN  CEVETERY,  CAMBRIDGE. 


King's  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston, 


257 

C ambr i d ge 
Common  covers  a 
broad  area  near 
the  University, 
with  many  trees, 
a bronze  statue  of 
John  Bridge,  one 
of  the  Puritan  pio- 
neers, and  a lofty 
monument  to  346 
Cambridge  s o 1 - 
diers  who  died  in 
the  War  for  the 
Union.  At  its 
base  are  several 
British  cannon, 
trophies  of  the 
Revolution.  On 
the  west  side  of 
the  Common,  in 

front  of  the  Shepard  Congregational  Church,  standing  in  the  road,  and 
marked  by  a tablet,  is  the  elm-tree  (300  years  old)  under  which  Wash- 
ington took  command  of  the  American  army,  July  3,  1775.  As  Dr. 
Holmes  sings  : 

“ O George  the  Third  ; you  found  it  true 
Our  George  was  more  than  double  you^ 

For  Nature  made  him  so.” 

Nearly  opposite  the  college  gateway  is  the  venerable  First  Church 
(Unitarian),  used  for  many  years  for  the  Harvard  graduation  exercises,  and 
in  whose  yard  Allston  is  buried.  Westward  is  Christ  Church  (Episcopal), 
built  before  the  Revolution,  and  attended  by  Washington. 


YACHT  CLUB  HOUSE,  HULL,  IN  BOSTON  HARBOR. 


258 


Kht^s  How  to  See  Boston.’’'' 

The  Episcopal  Theological  School,  westward  on  Brattle  St.,  surrounds 
a grassy  quadrangle,  with  its  beautiful  Gothic  stone  dormitories,  class- 
rooms, refectory  and  library,  and  the  exquisite  St.  John’s  Church.  This 
institution  dates  from  1867  ; and  has  40  students. 

Longfellow’s  house,  just  beyond  the  Episcopal  School,  on  the  same 
side  of  Brattle  St.,  is  the  most  famous  private  house  in  America  (Mount 
Vernon  being  public).  It  is  a comfortable  mansion,  set  in  broad  grounds, 
amid  fine  elms.  Built  in  1759,  it  was  deserted  by  Col.  Vassall,  its  Tory 
master,  in  1775,  and  occupied  by  Washington  (and  his  wife)  as  head- 
quarters during  the  eight  months  of  the  siege  of  Boston.  Longfellow 
came  here  as  a boarder  in  1837  ; became  possessed  of  the  house  later  ; and 
died  here  in  1882.  His  family  now  dwells  here.  Washington’s  office  and 
Longfellow’s  study  were  in  the  room  on  the  first  floor  to  the  right  of  the 


NANTASKET  BEACH  AND  THE  ATLANTIC  HOUSE  IN  BOSTON  HARBOR. 


door  (as  you  face  the  house)  ; the  officers’  room  and  library  being  back 
of  it  ; and  the  drawing-room  on  the  other  side  of  the  front  door.  Ad- 
mirers of  the  poet  have  established  a memorial  park  in  front  of  the  house, 
keeping  open  the  view  to  Charles  River.  Across  Brattle  St.  from  the 
Longfellow  house,  but  nearer  the  University  Press,  is  the  Vassall 
mansion,  built  about  17CX),  and  in  1775-76  the  headquarters  of  the  medi- 
cal staff  of  the  army,  and  a hospital  for  the  wounded  from  Bunker  Hill. 

Farther  on  is  the  home  of  John  Bartlett,  whose  “Familiar  Quota- 
tions ” has  run  through  many  editions. 

Lowell’s  house,  “ Elmwood,”  is  some  way  beyond  Longfellow’s,  on  the 
same  side  of  Brattle  St.  This  also  was  built  before  the  Revolution,  and 
deserted  by  its  Royalist  owner,  Lieut. -Gov.  Oliver.  Lowell,  the  poet 
and  essayist,  dwelt  here  many  years,  and  wrote  some  of  his  best  works 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.''^  259 

in  a far-viewing  third-floor  room.  He  died  here  in  1891.  The  family 
of  Ole  Bull  were  tenants  here. 

Mount-Auburn  Cemetery,  one  of  the  most  beautiful,  and  the  first 
garden  cemetery,  in  the  world  (opened  in  1831),  lies  beyond  Old  Cam- 
bridge (street-cars).  It  may  be  reached  most  quickly  by  the  Fitchburg 
Railway  from  Boston.  On  the  north  is  the  charming  park  around  Fresh 
Pond  ; on  the  south,  Charles  River  winds  seaward.  Note  the  ponderous 
Egyptian  entrance  ; the  statue  of  Hosea  Ballou  ; the  bronze  statue  of 
Bowditch,  to  the  right,  inside  ; the  grand  Sphinx,  commemorating  the 
slain  National  soldiers  in  the  War  for  the  Union  ; and  the  handsome 
Chapel,  in  which  are  Greenough’s  statue  of  Winthrop,  Crawford’s  of 
James  Otis,  Randolph  Rogers’s  of  John  Adams,  and  Story’s  of  Joseph 


NANTASKET  BEACH,  IN  BOSTON  HARBOR. 


Story.  Phillips  Brooks’s  grave  is  not  far  from  the  Chapel,  on  Mimosa 
Path.  On  the  left  of  the  entrance-gate  is  James  Russell  Lowell’s  grave ; 
and  above  it,  on  Indian  Ridge,  the  marble  sarcophagus  of  Longfellow. 
Francis  Parkman  is  farther  east,  on  Indian  Ridge  ; and  Oliver  Wendell 
Holmes  on  Lime  Avenue,  beyond.  Agassiz  is  covered  by  a rough  stone 
block,  on  Bellwort  Path  ; and  elsewhere  are  the  monuments  to  Chan- 
ning,  Spurzheim,  Felton,  Fields,  Prescott,  Palfrey,  Ticknor,  Sparks, 
Fanny  Fern,  Burlingame,  Rufus  Choate,  Asa  Gray,  N.  P.  Willis,  Doro- 
thea L.  Dix,  and  John  Murray,  the  founder  of  Universalism  in  America. 
The  highest  hill  is  crowned  by  a far-viewing  tower,  near  which  are  the 
last  resting-places  of  Edwin  Booth,  Charlotte  Cushman,  Everett  and 
Sumner.  The  beauty  of  this  wide  area  of  hills,  vales  and  ponds  has  been 
improved  by  landscape-gardening,  fine  trees  and  rich  flowers.  The  cem- 
etery is  open  to  visitors,  except  on  Sunday,  from  7 A.  M.  until  sunset. 


BOSTON  HARBOR. 


VERY  comfortable  steamboats  leave  Rowe’s  WTiarf  many  times  daily, 
in  summer,  for  Hull,  Hingham  and  Nantasket.  It  is  often  quite 
refreshing,  on  a hot  day  in  town,  to  make  this  little  salt-water  journey, 
especially  if  the  wind  is  east,  and  the  steamer  uncrowded. 

After  the  boat  is  well  into  the  stream,  and  past  the  yachts  moored  on 
the  Upper  Middle  Shoal,  the  Navy  Yard  and  the  big  English  steamships 
at  East  Boston  appear  on  the  left ; and  on  the  right  South  Boston  swells 
upward,  from  the  docks  and  factories  near  the  water,  to  the  Blind 
Asylum  on  the  heights.  Farther  out  are  the  fine  gray  walls  of  Fort 
Independence.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  channel  rise  the  high  bluffs 
of  Governor’s  Island,  granted  to  Gov.  Winthrop  in  1632,  and  held  in  his 
family  till  1808.  The  ponderous  bastions  and  traverses  of  Fort  Winthrop, 
and  its  formidable  citadel  mounted  with  long  Parrott  guns,  now  occupy 
the  hills,  with  connected  water-batteries.  Beyond  this  embattled  island, 
well  in-shore  toward  the  pleasant  peninsular  town  of  Winthrop,  is  Apple 
Island,  marked  by  its  tall  elms.  On  the  other  side  of  the  ship-channel, 
back  of  Castle  Island,  appear  the  ancient  yellow  brick  buildings  and  dark 
groves  of  the  Farm  School,  on  Thompson’s  Island,  where  100  indigent 
boys  are  given  book,  farm,  and  industrial  instruction,  with  a care  for 
their  morals,  manners  and  sports.  When  grown  up,  places  are  found  for 
them.  The  institution  dates  from  1814,  and  occupied  this  spacious  and 
pleasant  island  (an  Indian  trading-post  in  1626)  in  1835.  Next,  near  the 
channel,  come  the  high  bluffs  of  Spectacle  Island,  where  for  38  years 
the  dead  horses  of  Boston  have  been  converted  into  useful  products. 
Next  our  course  lies  across  President  Roads,  with  Deer  Island  on  the  left 
front,  bearing  the  municipal  House  of  Industry,  the  House  of  Reformation 


for  Girls,  a truant-school, 
and  other  places  of  deten- 
tion. It  was  once  a deer- 
haunted  forest  of  200  acres  ; 
and  afterwards  a prison  for 
hundreds  of  Indian  captives. 
A light-house  occupies  one 
of  its  headlands. 


THE  “ MINUTE  MAN  " AT  CONCORD. 


Long  Island,  miles 
long,  with  several  sea-gnawed 
bluffs,  has  a spacious  modern 
brick  building  for  the  city’s 
paupers.  On  the  heights  at 
the  seaward  end  is  a round 
white  lighthouse,  and  also  a 
battery  for  the  defense  of 
Broad  Sound.  The  sea-wall 


260 


26i 


icing's  How  to  See  Boston.'''' 

below  cost  $150,000.  A picturesque  village  of  Azore-Island  fishermen 
occupied  the  eastern  bay  until  1885,  when  they  were  evicted  by  the  city. 

Beyond  Long  Island  is  the  green  bluff  of  Gallop’s  Island,  with  the  neat 
white  hospital  and  other  buildings  of  the  Quarantine  station  ; the  low  plain 
of  Lovell’s  Island,  with  the  wharf  and  spare  buoys  of  the  U. -S.  Lighthouse 
service  ; the  weird  black  beacon  of  Nix’s  Mate,  with  its  grisly  legends  of 
oldtime  pirates  ; and  Rainsford  Island,  the  seat  of  city  almshouses.  Out- 
side lies  a range  of  seven  rocky  islets,  several  of  which  are  inhabited  by 
groups  of  daring  fishermen.  One  of  them  carries  the  tall  white  tower  of 


TUCKER’S  LANDING,  MARBLEHEAD. 


Boston  Light,  built  in  1783,  on  the  site  of  one  blown  up  by  British  marines 
in  1 776.  There  was  some  hard  fighting  hereabouts  during  the  Revolution. 
The  Bug  Light  rises  out  of  the  water  from  a long  gravelly  bar,  standing 
on  spidery  iron  pillars,  but  snugly  inhabited,  and  flashing  a red  light  over 
the  sea  at  night. 

Fort  Warren,  built  in  1833-50,  on  George’s  Island,  has  a garrison  of 
Federal  artillerists,  and  commands  the  narrow  entrance  of  the  harbor 
with  an  armament  of  400  cannon.  The  handsome  granite  walls  are 
partly  hidden  by  modern  earthworks  and  water-batteries  of  enormous 
thickness.  The  barbette  guns  are  visible,  and  the  sentries  at  the  main 
gate,  and  the  bright  garrison-flag.  Fort  Warren  was  fully  garrisoned 
during  the  War  for  the  Union,  and  held  in  durance  thousands  of  Confed- 
erate prisoners,  including  Alex.  H.  Stephens,  Mason  and  Slidell,  Buck- 
ner, and  many  generals,  besides  disloyal  civilians  from  the  Border  States. 

Farther  on,  after  a view  out  to  sea,  down  Nantasket  Roads,  the 
steamboat  rushes  through  the  narrow  Hull  Gut,  with  the  lonely  bluffs  of 


262  Kmg's  How  to  See  Boston.''' 

Peddock’s  Island  on  the  right,  and  on  the  other  side  the  much-frequented 
Hotel  Pemberton. 

Hull,  with  its  steamboat-piers,  Hull  Yacht-Club  house,  hotels  great 
and  small,  and  many  summer-cottages,  lies  in  the  very  breath  of  the  sea, 
surrounded  by  salt  water.  Back  of  it  rises  Telegraph  Hill,  bearing  the 
remains  of  a fort  planned  by  Lafayette,  and  long  garrisoned  by  French 
troops  and  Massachusetts  militia.  Many  a heavy  round  shot  from  this 
sea-viewing  eyrie  crashed  into  His  Majesty’s  frigates  in  Nantasket  Roads, 
or  hurtled  out  to  check  British  blockaders  venturing  too  far  inward. 
Hundreds  of  our  French  allies  lie  buried  on  the  lower  eastern  slope  of  the 


ECHO  BRIDGE,  BOSTON  AQUEDUCT,  NEWTON  UPPER  FALLS. 


hill.  Hull  was  settled  some  years  before  Boston  ; and  earlier  in  this  cen- 
tury was  enlarged  by  mariners  from  the  Dalmatian  coast  of  the  Adriatic, 
and  similar  outlandish  places,  whose  descendants  remain  in  the  quaint 
hamlet.  Lord  Nelson  cruised  off  here,  on  blockade-duty.  Scores  of  fatal 
wrecks  have  occurred  on  the  perilous  rocks  outside  of  Hull. 

Nantasket  Beach  is  reached  from  Hull  by  the  steamboat  crossing 
Hingham  Bay  and  ascending  the  serpentine  Weir  River  ; or  by  a railway, 
running  along  the  sea-bounds.  It  is  a fine  expanse  of  gray  sand,  several 
miles  long,  between  the  ocean  and  the  harbor,  beaten  by  a light  surf,  and 
affording  opportunity  for  safe  bathing.  Above  the  high-tide  line  are 
groups  of  hotels,  restaurants,  chowder-houses,  and  bathing-houses,  where 
Anglo-Saxon-Celtic-Latin-Slav  Boston  sends  tens  of  thousands  of  her 
citizens  on  torrid  summer  days.  It  is  a grand  place  for  “a  good  time  ” in 
a democratic  way.  Inland  people  who  would  appreciate  the  mystery  and 


Kin^s  How  to  See  Boston^  263 

magic  and  awe  of  the  sea  will  find  less  human  distraction  at  a lonely 
beach  like  the  Humarocks,  down  in  the  Old  Colony,  or  on  the  lofty  and 
picturesque  wave-beaten  rocks  of  East  Point,  at  Nahant. 

Hingham,  visited  by  some  of  the  harbor-boats,  is  a quaint  and  vener- 
able village,  once  well-known  in  maritime  commerce,  but  now  mainly 
regarded  as  a place  of  summer-homes,  and  the  campground  of  the  Cadets. 
The  church  known  as  the  “Old  Ship,”  built  in  1681,  and  still  used  by 
the  First  Parish,  has  a long  steep  roof  running  up  on  four  sides  to  a balus- 
traded  platform  and  a narrow  pointed  belfry.  It  is  said  to  be  the  oldest 
church  in  continuous  use  in  New  England.  Back  of  this  building  is  the 
grave  - yard,  on  a terraced  hill,  with  tall 
monuments  “To  the  Early  Settlers  of 
Hingham,”  and  the  76  soldiers  who  died  in 
the  War  for  the  Union ; the  tomb  of  Gen. 

Lincoln  (a  native  of  Hingham),  who  com- 
manded the  Army  of  the  South  in  1778-80  ; 
and  a noble  statue  over  the  grave  of  War- 
Governor  Andrew.  Pleasant  roads  lead  in- 
land by  Liberty  Plain  to  Queen  Anne  Corner 
and  Assinippi ; and  seaward  to  the  grand 
Jerusalem  Road,  following  the  rocky  coast 
for  miles,  and  lined  by  broad  patrician 
estates.  Govs.  Andrew  and  Long  were 
residents  of  Hingham.  R.  H.  Stoddard 
was  born  here. 

A large  illustrated  book  has  been  writ- 
ten about  the  Indian,  colonial  and  subse- 
quent legends  and  picturesque  occurrences 
on  and  about  the  harbor  islands.  No  other 
American  bay  has  such  a wealth  of  history, 
tradition  and  poetry.  None  on  the  North 
Atlantic  coast  surpasses  it  in  natural  beauty. 

Here  is  the  yachting  headquarters  of  the 
Western  World,  for  though  New  York  has 
richer  yachtsmen  and  more  costly  boats,  the  Yankee  bay  has  a vastly 
greater  number,  and  very  many  more  men  who  find  delight  in  blue-water 
sailing.  As  to  their  quality,  the  old  Anierica  (that  won  the  cup),  the 
Purita7t,  Mayflower  and  Volunteer,  were  all  Massachusetts  yachts.  The 
harbor  has  more  yachts,  more  regattas,  and  more  yacht  clubs  (23  ; with 
3,000  members)  than  any  other  in  the  world. 

Plymouth  (Old  Colony  R.  R. ; 37  miles)  is  a quiet  provincial  seaport 
of  8,000  inhabitants.  Plymouth  Rock,  “ the  corner-stone  of  the  Repub- 
lic,” is  a boulder  down  near  the  harbor,  protected  by  a lofty  granite 
canopy,  whose  upper  part  contains  the  bones  of  the  pilgrims  who  died  in 
the  bitter  winter  of  1620-21.  The  National  Monument  to  the  Forefath- 
ers is  an  immense  and  noble  marble  and  granite  memorial. 


POWDER  HOUSE  AT  SOMERVILLE. 


WELLESLEY  COLLEGE,  FOR  HIGHER  EDUCATION  OF  WOMEN. 

WELLESLEY,  MASS.,  ON  THE  BOSTON  & ALBANY  RAILROAD. 


265 


CHELSEA,  CONCORD  AND  WELLESLEY. 

CHELSEA,  reached  by  steam  and  street-cars  from  Boston  and  Charles- 
town, across  the  Mystic  River,  passing  the  handsome  U.-S.  Naval 
Hospital  (a  granite  building  erected  in  1836-65,  with  75  acres  of  grounds), 
is  a city  of  30,000  inhabitants,  with  the  noted  Low  art-potteries  and  tile- 
works,  and  rope-walks  and  other  industries,  the  most  famous  of  which 
is  the  vast  establishment  of  the  Forbes  Lithograph  .Manufacturing  Co., 
whose  art  and  commercial  productions  are  unsurpassed  in  America  or 
Europe,  and  whose  customers  cover  the  continent.  The  Mass.  Soldiers’ 
Home,  with  hundreds  of  disabled  veterans,  crowns  Powder-Horn  Hill, 
overlooking  the  sea  and  harbor,  and  all  the  northern  suburbs.  Wood- 
lawn,  two  miles  out,  is  the  chief  cemetery 
in  the  northern  suburbs,  and  has  beautiful 
avenues  and  monuments,  the  far-viewing 
Chapel  and  Elm  Hills,  and  the  curious 
Gingko  trees. 

Concord,  20  miles  from  Boston  by  the 
Fitchburg  Railroad,  contains  the  former 
dwelling  of  Emerson  ; the  Wayside  house, 
where  Hawthorne  dwelt ; the  old  home  of 
Louisa  M.  Alcott ; the  Old  Manse,  Emer- 
son’s and  Hawthorne’s  home  for  years  ; and 
the  graves  of  Emerson,  Thoreau  and  Haw- 
thorne, on  a hill  in  Sleepy-Hollow  Cemetery  : 
Emerson’s,  with  a rose-quartz  boulder  ; Haw- 
thorne’s, a low  marble  headstone  over  a 
myrtle-clad  grave,  with  arbor-vitae  hedges ; 
the  blue-granite  headstone  of  Thoreau  ; and 
the  five  low  marble  stones  over  A.  B.  Alcott 
and  his  daughter  Louisa  and  her  “Little 
Women.”  Just  beyond  the  Old  Manse  is 
the  bridge  about  which  began  the  battle  of  April  19,  1775,  when  400 
minute-men  drove  away  three  companies  of  British  light  infantry.  The 
bodies  of  the  slain  Royalists  lie  buried  near  the  bridge,  on  the  further 
side  of  which  is  D.  C.  French’s  noble  bronze  statue  of  “The  Minute- 
Man.”  The  Public  Library,  besides  its  20,000  books,  has  many  curiosi- 
ties, with  fine  paintings  and  busts.  Channing,  Hoar,  Sanborn,  Everett, 
Mann,  Margaret  Fuller  and  G.  W.  Curtis  were  dwellers  in  Concord. 

Wellesley  (Albany  R.  R. ; 14  miles)  is  celebrated  for  its  college  for 
women,  whose  picturesque  main  building,  475  feet  long,  was  designed  by 
Hammatt  Billings,  “the  artist-architect.”  There  are  several  other  fine 
edifices,  rich  art-collections,  and  an  immense  library.  The  college  dates 
from  1875  > about  1,000  students  and  300  acres  of  beautiful  grounds 
bordered  by  Lake  Waban  and  the  superb  Hunnewell  gardens. 

The  End,  not  of  the  Story,  but  of  this  Book. 


NORUMBEGA  TOWER,  CHARLES  RIVER. 


267 


MACULLAR,  PARKER  & COMPANY, 

A Utopian  Industrial  Establishment. 


Howells’s  Altruria  and  Bellamy’s  Utopia  are  approached  in  the  happy 
independence  of  nearly  a thousand  working  men  and  women  in  the  in- 
dustry told  about  in  these  pages.  And  this  result  is  gained,  not  by  gov- 
ernmental socialism  or  posing  philanthropy,  but  by  a wise  observance  of 
natural  and  business  laws.  The  heads  devote  their  time,  thought  and 
policy  to  providing  means,  materials  and  a market ; the  hands  collaborate 
by  using  the  materials  with  such  skill  and  faithfulness  that  the  market  is 
always  ready  for  more.  The  hours  for  work  are  as  short  and  the  holidays 
and  half-holidays  are  as  frequent  as  in  any  place  of  extensive  business.  The 
two  groups  — the  men  at  the  head,  and  the  guild  of  handworkers  — regard 
each  other  with  mutual  esteem  and  respect,  and  form  a prosperous  and  con- 
tented industrial  community.  It  is  well  worth  while  for  our  myriads  of 
visitors  from  other  cities  to  spend  an  hour  or  two  in  this  mercantile  college, 
and  see  what  Boston  does  toward  solving  certain  vexed  problems  of  the  day. 

It  is  well  known  that  a large  portion  of  the  ready-made  clothing  worn 
in  America  is  put  together  in  the  sweaters’  shops,  in  crowded  and  filthy 
tenement-houses.  The  makers  are  half-civilized  foreigners,  ground  down 
to  the  edge  of  starvation  and  illness.  It  is  impossible  here  to  give  de- 
tails as  to  the  unspeakable  squalor  of  these  sweat-shops,  or  to  suggest  the 
general  peril  attendant  upon  wearing  garments  made  amid  such  sur- 
roundings. Legislative  investigations,  the  eloquence  of  many  pulpits, 
the  search-lights  of  the  public  press,  have  revealed  these  dire  iniquities. 

In  this  house,  however,  there  are  no  germ-factories,  no  haunts  of 
poisonous  bacteria,  no  sources  of  multiplying  microbes.  Here  are  work- 
rooms covering  a tenth  of  an  acre  each,  exceptional  in  neatness,  with 
pure  air  and  bright  sun-light,  and  populated  by  healthy  and  happy 
workers.  There  is  an  open  invitation  for  all  persons  to  visit  these  halls 
during  business-hours  ; and  many  avail  themselves  thereof,  to  see  the 
workings  of  a vast  ideal  industry,  in  the  heart  of  a metropolis. 

This  establishment  is  in  a sense  a commonwealth.  Its  continuous 
success  has  been  largely  based  upon  the  continuous  comfort  and  effici- 
ency of  its  employees,  quite  a considerable  number  of  whom  have 
been  at  work  for  this  firm  constantly  during  periods  ranging  from  ten 
to  forty  years. 


269 


ONE  OF  THE  WORKSHOPS.— MACULLAR,  PARKER  & COMPANY, 


272 


Khtg's  How  to  See  Bostoii,'*'* 

The  appointments  of  the  work-rooms  as  to  light,  air,  and  general 
equipment  have  been  so  perfected  that  it  seems  as  if  nothing  need  be 
added  for  the  comfort  and  content  of  the  toilers.  Nowhere  is  there  a 
dark,  obscure  or  imclean  corner.  The  ventilation  is  ensured  by  the  best 
processes,  flooding  the  rooms  continually  with  fresh  pure  air.  The  best 
of  New- England  sunlight  pours  in  through  scores  of  great  windows.  In 
summer  the  rooms  are  cool ; in  winter,  abundant  warmth  is  furnished. 
There  is  an  elevator  to  convey  the  people  to  their  places  of  labor ; and 
plentiful  facilities  are  given  for  warming  their  mid-day  luncheons,  if  they 
prefer  not  to  go  outside  for  them. 

The  history  of  an  industry  like  this,  materially  more  important  than 
many  of  the  so-called  public  institutions,  is  full  of  interest  and  suggestive- 
ness. Here  an  army  of  trained  men  and  women,  large  enough  to  make 
a mediaevak guild,  earns  the  wherewithal  to  comfortably  support  a popula- 
tion equal  to  that  of  a goodly  village ; and  the  production  of  the  materials 
used  in  their  work  supports  other  villages  in  England  and  Scotland, 
France  and  New  England.  This  great  and  far-reaching  ^business  found 
its  origin  in  inland  Worcester,  about  the  middle  of  the  century,  when  two 
young  men  formed  the  firm  of  Addison  Macullar  & Co.,  for  the  sale  of 
ready-made  clothing.  Their  fair  methods  and  accurate  perceptions  soon 
won  so  much  success  that  they  sought  a broader  field  of  development ; and 
therefore  removed  to  Boston,  in  1852.  Here  they  found  an  equal  success; 
and  the  opening  out  of  the  business  required  several  successive  moves,  from 
Ann  St.  to  Milk  St.,  and  thence  to  the  site  of  the  old  Washington  Coffee- 
House,  on  Washington  St.,  and  thence  to  the  building  previously  occupied 
by  Warren’s  dry-goods  emporium.  Here  they  remained  from  i860  to 
1864,  and  then  transferred  this  ever-growing  trade  to  its  present  site,  at 
No.  400  Washington  St.,  which  it  has  now  held  for  nearly  a third  of  a cen- 
tury. By  this  time  the  firm  name  was  Macullar,  Williams  & Parker,  which 
in  1879,  changed  to  the  present  style  of  Macullar,  Parker  & Company. 

The  establishment  is  in  the  centre  of  the  retail  district,  where  Frank- 
lin and  Summer,  Bromfield  and  School  Sts.  draw  their  thousands  of  busy 
shoppers  every  day.  The  sales-rooms  are  each  220  feet  long,  so  that  if 
Bunker- Hill  Monument  w’ere  taken  dowm  and  laid  in  either  of  them,  the 
doors  could  be  shut  upon  both  ends  at  the  same  time.  The  street-floor  of 
400  Washington  St.  is  devoted  to  fine  garments  for  men  and  boys,  a vast 
stock,  continually  drawm  down  by  the  daily  sales,  and  as  often  replenished 
by  the  newest  and  most  fashionable  styles.  These  garments  are  manu- 
factured from  choice  and  thoroughly  tested  materials,  in  the  spacious 
work-rooms  overhead,  where  several  hundreds  of  the  happiest,  most 


274 


King's  How  to  See  Boston'' 

skilful  and  most  contented  operatives  in  the  United  States  are  kept  busy. 
The  whole  work  is  simplified  to  the  extreme,  and  as  each  operative  being 
kept  at  the  same  kind  of  work  all  the  time,  the  most  efficient  skill  is 
obtained.  The  patrons  include  the  better  class  of  men  of  New  England, 
members  of  the  learned  professions,  visitors  from  other  cities,  and  the 
country  gentry,  — in  fact,  those  classes  who  cannot  content  themselves 
with  slop-shop  garments. 

It  was  Ralph  Waldo  Emerson  who  said  that  “The  consciousness  of 
being  well-dressed  brings  a peace  of  mind  which  revealed  religion  cannot 
give.”  A saying  not  without  value,  as  showing  the  importance  of  proper 
and  appropriate  garments.  How  extensive  has  been  the  sartorial  range 
of  development,  from  the  light  and  inexpensive  summer  suit  of  fig-leaves 
worn  by  Adam  down  to  the  superb  scarlet  silk  robes,  with  a train  ten  feet 
long,  in  which  Cardinal  Gibbons  swept  down  through  the  chancel  of  Boston 
Cathedral,  in  May,  1895  ! these  latter  days,  for  an  intelligent  man  to 
be  ill-dressed  causes  remark,  as  when  an  eminent  statesman  of  the  war 
time  said  : “President  Lincoln’s  trousers  may  bag  at  the  knees,  but  his 

statesmanship  doesn’t.”  Longfellow,  Lowell,  Holmes,  Aldrich,  and 
others  to  whom  Boston  looks  up  were  among  the  most  carefully  clad  men 
of  their  time  (and  all,  excepting  perhaps  Lowell,  were  constant  patrons 
of  this  house).  And  since  the  evolution  of  humanity,  as  well  as  the  laws 
and  the  climate,  compel  us  to  wear  curiously  fashioned  fabrics  of  cloth, 
it  is  well  to  drape  these  corporeal  temples  with  skill  and  good  taste. 
Here,  then,  we  find  the  various  articles  of  costume,  planned  on  the  ad- 
vanced lines  of  contemporary  taste  and  fashion,  constructed  of  the  finest 
and  most  durable  materials  to  be  found  in  America  or  Europe,  and  put 
together  with  a trained  mechanical  skill  and  an  observance  of  details 
which  ensures  unusual  durability.  Scores  of  thousands  of  men  visit  Boston 
to  quicken  their  hearts  with  new  and  invigorated  ideas  of  true  patriotism, 
religion  and  fraternity.  It  may  be  well,  also,  to  secure  a further  memorial 
of  this  well-groomed  old  Puritan  City,  by  clothing  the  temples  in  which 
those  earnest  hearts  dwell  in  habiliments  of  taste  and  strength. 

Thoroughness  and  precision  have  prevailed  in  every  detail  for  half  a 
century.  To  sell  an  unsatisfactory  garment  bearing  their  name  would  be 
more  serious  for  them  than  for  the  purchaser.  Some  fabrics  are  better 
and  costlier  than  others,  but  all  are  good.  Figuratively  speaking,  but- 
tons sewed  on  here  are  as  firmly  anchored  as  the  Pyramids  ; seams  are  as 
solid  as  electric-welded  metals.  The  garments  will,  during  years  of  use, 
lose  their  touch  with  fashion,  or  become  tiresome  to  the  wearer,  but  they 
always  satisfy  the  reasonable  patron,  for  the  work  of  building  has  been 


276  Kmg^s  How  to  See  Boston.'''' 

honestly  and  well  done.  It  may  be,  that  the  vast  array  of  clothing  in  the 
white  Corinthian  halls  at  40x3  Washington  St.  may  not  contain  the  exact 
color,  or  pattern,  or  fit  to  suit  some  special  cases.  In  that  event,  there  is 
a great  custom  department,  covering  an  equal  area,  and  under  the  same 
ownership,  containing  cloths  of  an  almost  limitless  variety  as  to  color, 
design  and  texture,  to  be  made  up  on  order,  with  the  certainty  of  an 
accurate  fit,  in  any  desired  form. 

The  building  at  400  Washington  St.  went  down  in  the  Great  Fire  of 
1872,  but  its  grand  white-marble  facade  withstood  the  utmost  fury  of  the 
sea  of  flames,  and  stood  like  a monument  to  the  ruined  city,  until  its 
removal  for  the  widening  of  the  street.  Upon  the  same  site,  the  firm 
built,  restoring  the  original  front,  a new  and  extensive  structure,  planned 
in  every  way  with,  singular  care  and  thoughtfulness,  for  the  purposes  of  a 
safe,  light,  airy  and  commodious  manufactory  and  sales-room  for  clothing. 
It  seemed  as  if  this  huge  edifice  would  servx  the  utmost  purposes  of  the 
business  forever ; but  its  good  repute  spread  more  rapidly  than  its  plant. 

Such  a volume  of  trade  poured  in  from  all  over  the  States  and  Canada, 
that  the  manufacturing  operations  became  pinched  for  room,  and  the  upper 
stories  of  the  building  next  to  the  northward  were  opened  to  relieve  this 
pressure.  In  1884,  the  adjoining  building  was  annexed  for  the  custom 
department,  whose  books  contain  the  names  of  many  of  the  foremost 
gentlemen  of  the  Eastern  States.  At  No.  400  is  the  men’s  furnishing 
goods  department,  in  itself  a good-sized  establishment.  A large  and  fully 
equipped  department  for  boys’  clothing  of  high  grade  is  conducted  to  the 
manifest  external  improvement  of  thousands  of  junior  Bostonians. 

An  important  department  is  that  for  selling  piece  goods  and  tailors’ 
trimmings  at  wholesale.  Travelling  salesmen  employed  by  the  firm  visit 
all  the  most  important  cities  and  towns  of  the  Northern  States,  with 
samples,  and  supply  the  wants  of  large  numbers  of  the  best  merchant = 
tailors.  The  making  of  a full  line  of  superior  grades  of  white  vests, 
which  are  supplied  to  the  foremost  tailors  and  clothiers  of  this  country, 
has  been  a specialty  here  for  many  years. 

The  assortment  of  woolen  piece  goods  includes  the  finest  that  are 
made  the  world  over.  The  firm  has  an  agency  in  London,  to  secure  the 
best  and  most  fashionable  English,  Scotch  and  Continental  cloths,  from 
season  to  season,  so  that  the  materials  worn  here  may  be  the  same  as 
those  in  contemporary  favor  in  London  and  Paris. 

Thus  it  is  that  this  great  house  with  its  wide-spread  ramifications,  its 
model  workshops,  its  honorable  methods,  its  high-grade  productions,  its 
long-established  success,  may  well  be  regarded  as  an  ideal  industry. 


MACULLAR,  PARKER  & COMPANY. 


INDEX. 

The  black  figures  (163)  indicate  illustrations  ; Italic  figures  {158)  maps  ; plain 


Roman  figures  (258)  ordinary  references, 

Abattoir,  245. 

Abbey,  Edwin  A.,  146. 

Abboit-Lawrence  Mansion,  94. 

A.  B.  C.  F.  M.,  159. 

Abolition  Riots,  14. 

Adams,  Charles  Francis,  165. 

Adams  House,  108,  109,  106. 

Adams,  John,  26,  160. 

Adams,  John  Quincy,  26,  loi. 

Adams  Nervine  Asylum,  235. 

Adams,  Sam.,  26,  92,  99,  162,  187. 

Adams  (Sam.)  Statue,  17,  19,  22, 

Adams  Square,  17,  19,  22. 

Adath  Israel  Temple,  176. 

Advent,  Church  of  the,  166,  196. 
Adventists,  14. 

Advertiser,  the,  5^,  125,  127,  128. 
Agassiz,  Louis,  140,  259, 

Agassiz  Museum,  256,  253. 

Aged  Women,  Home  for,  165. 

Albion  Building,  90. 

Alcott,  A.  B.,  99,  266. 

Aldrich,  Thomas  Bailey,  165. 

Alg  onquin  Club,  150,  176,157. 

Allen. Gymnasium,  153. 

Allston,  244. 

Allston,  the  Painter,  76,  142,  244,  257. 
America,  the  Yacht,  263. 

Am.  Academy  Arts  and  Sciences,  160. 
American  Bombardment,  9. 

American  House,  187. 

American  Loan  & Trust  Co.,  21,  34,  36, 
52. 

American  Peace  Society,  it;9. 

American  Waltham  Watch  Co.,  5,  112. 
Ames  Building,  10,  15,  16,  17,  52,  56. 
Ames  Plow  Co.,  25. 

Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillery  Co., 26. 
Andrew,  Gov.  John  A.,  17,  26,  97,  156; 

Statue,  191,  162. 

Andros,  Sir  Edmond,  76. 

Annexations.  9. 

Antenomians,  9. 

Appalachian  Mountain  Club,  94. 

Arch  St.,  66,  67,  69. 

Archway  Bookstore,  10,52,  116,  91. 
Aristides,  166. 

Arlington-St.  Church,  138,  157. 

Armenian  Sympathy,  22. 

Army  and  Navy  Monument,  95. 13 1, 97. 
Arnold  Arboretum,  158,  235. 

Art  ( lub,  the  Boston,  157, 148,  156,  168. 
Art  Museum,  Boston,  157,142,  144,  186. 
Art  School,  Mass.  Normal,  157,  150, 181. 


and  black  titles  (Historical)  chapters. 

Art  School,  T42. 

Ashburton,  Lord,  22. 

Ashburton  Place,  160,  190, 

Ashmont,  225. 

Asiatic  commerce,  9. 

AspinwalEs  Wharf,  196. 

Athenaeum,  the  Boston,  10,  160,  188. 
Athenaeum,  the  Fellowes,  228. 
Athenaeum,  the  Howard,  168. 
Athenaeum  Press,  247. 

Athletic  Assn.,  Boston,  157,  153,  184- 
Atlantic  Avenue,  76,  197,  199. 

Atlantic  Monthlv,  94. 

Attucks  (Crispus)  Monument,  94,  loi. 
Auburndale,  148. 

Back  Bay : 156,  i6q,  Birdseye  View, 
161.  Cambridge  View,  245. 

Back  Bay  District,  130,  158,  161,  map 
of,  157  ; names,  150. 

Back  Bay  Fens,  148,  156,  158,  235. 
Baldwin,  William  H.,  104. 

Ball,  the  Sculptor,  134,  138,  162. 
Bancroft,  George,  76. 

Bangor  Steamers,  206,  207. 

Baptist  Bethel,  90. 

Baptist  Church,  9. 

Baptist  Headquarters,  90. 

Baptist  Tabernacle,  168. 

Baptist  Theological  Seminary,  242. 

Bar  Association,  48. 

Barnes  (F.  G.)  & Appleton,  30. 

Barnes  & Dunklee,  140,  141. 

Barnum  Museum,  195. 

Barricade,  the,  197. 

Bartlett’s  Familiar  Quotations,  259. 
Bartol,  Rev.  Dr.  Cyrus  A.,  165,  167. 
Barton,  Wm.  A.,  54. 

Base-Ball  Grounds,  180. 

Bates  Hall,  146. 

Batterymarch  St.,  48,  66. 

Battery  Wharf,  196. 

Battle-flags,  162. 

Bay  State  (jas  Co.,  loi. 

“ Bay  State”  Steamship,  202,  204. 
Beacon,  the  old,  162. 

Beacon  Hill  and  West  End,  159-168. 
Beacon  Hill,  7,  159,  167. 

Beacon  St.,  i.  56,  90,  95,  96, 161,163,  i88« 
Beecher,  Henry  Ward,  86. 

Beethoven  Statue,  92. 

Bellevue  Hotel,  t6o. 

Bendall,  Edward,  ii. 

Berkeley  Hotel,  186, 157, 

Berkeley  Temple,  176. 


28o  King's  How  to  See  Boston." 

Berkshire  Life  Insurance  Co.,  53,  54, 


51.  50. 

Bigelow,  Kennard  & Co.,  106,  108,  109, 
no. 

Bishop’s  Alley,  80. 

Blackstone  Square,  158,  170,  180,  182. 
Blaxton,  William,  166. 

Blind  Alley,  80. 

Blind  Asylum,  221,  260,  234. 

Blue  Hills,  229. 

Booth,  Edwin,  83,  108,  1^0,  150,  165,259. 
Boston  & Albany  Railroad,  2,  74,  210, 
212,  So,  180. 

Boston  & Bangor  Steamship  Co.,  74, 
206,  207. 

Boston  & Maine  Railroad,  192. 

Boston  and  Surroundings,  map,  240. 
Boston  College,  183,  214. 

Boston  Daily  Standard,  91,  112, 115,  125. 
Boston  Fruit  Co.,  202,  203. 

Boston  Gaslight  Co.,  loi,  195. 

Boston  Harbor,  260-263,  221. 

Boston  Ice  Co.,  39. 

Boston  in  1857,  4* 

Boston  Library,  130. 

Boston,  the  name,  7. 

Boston  Proper  Map  of,  2. 

Boston  Safe  Deposit  & Trust  Co.,  55, 
59 

Boston  Stone,  the,  187. 

Boston  Storage  & Warehouse  Co.,  153. 
Boston  Theatre,  104,  109,  106. 

Boston  Traveler,  10,  122,  123,  28, 52, 125. 
Boston  University,  14,  70,  159,  165. 
Bostonian  Society.  28. 

Botolph’s  Town,  7. 

Bot’s  Town,  7. 

Boulevard,  239. 

Bouvd,  Crawford  & Co.,  Corpn.,  52, 
106,  104,  105,  129,  82. 

Bowditch,  Nathl.,  76. 

Bowdoin  Square,  ii,  168. 

Bowdoin-Sq.  Theatre,  168. 

Boylston  Building,  105,  106,  186. 
Boylston  Hotel,  loi,  103,  106,186. 
Boylston  St.,  133,  139. 

Boylston  St.  from  Berkeley  to  Dart- 
mouth, 139. 

Boylston  Market,  104. 

Bradlee,  N.  J.,  54. 

Bradstreet  Company,  the,  70,  71,  74,  72. 
Brattle  Square  Church,  17,  148. 

Brattle  Street,  12,  17,  19,  20. 

Brazer’s  Building,  28,  30,  52. 

Brazer  Inn,  32. 

Brewer,  (Gardner)  Fountain,  97,  96. 
Bridewell,  the,  92. 

Briggs,  Richard,  10,  52,  91. 

Brigham’s  Restaurant,  107. 

Brighton,  243-245,  9,  213. 

Brimstone  Corner,  92. 


Brine,  Wm.  H.,  12. 

British  Coffee  House,  40. 

British  Garrison,  9,  48,  120,  169. 

Broad  St.,  41,  42,  46. 

Broadway  National  Bank,  52,66,  67,  91. 
Bromtield-St.  Methodist  Church,  92. 
Brook  Farm,  238. 

Brookline  and  Newton,  239-242. 
Brookline,  170,  213,  239-242,  148. 

Brooks,  Phillips,  86,  97,  140, 142,  256,  259. 
Bug  Light.  26  r. 

Brunswick,  the  Hotel,  157, 140,  141,  186. 
Bulfinch,  22,  70,  162- 
Bull,  Ole,  99,  259. 

Bunch-of-(jrapes  Tavern,  40. 

Bunker  Hill,  3,  189,  191,  195,  215. 
Bunker-Hill  Monument,  2,  158,  229, 
230,  215. 

Burditt  & Williams,  ig,  21,  23,  22. 
Burlingame  lying  in  State,  22. 

Burnham  Antique  Bookstore,  12 1,  123. 
Burnham  T.  O.  H.  P.,  86,  I2i,  123. 
Business  District,  ii. 

Bussey  Institution,  235. 

Butler  (W.  S.)  & Co.,  10,  91. 

Bynner,  the  Novelist,  48,  213. 

Cadets’  Armory,  172,  201,  157,  186. 
Cambridge,  Harvard  and  Mt.  Au- 
burn, 246-259,  253. 

Cambridge,  166,  168.  184. 

Cambridge,  City  Hall,  251,  245. 
Cambridge  Common,  257. 

Cambridge  Elm,  257.  250. 

Cambridge  High  School,  252. 
Cambridge  Manual  Training  School, 
252,  246. 

Cambridgeport.  44,  246. 

(Cambridge  Public  Library,  252,  246. 
Camera  Club,  92. 

Carney  Hospital,  223. 

Carter  Building,  52,  125. 

Cass  Statue,  134,  137. 

Castle  Island,  9.  223,  260, 

Castle  Square  Theatre,  176,  186. 
Cathedral  Building,  70.  73,  74. 
Cathedral  of  the  Holy  Cross,  70,  170, 
210,  178,  i8t,  182. 

Cavalry  Battalion,  142, 

Central  Burying-Ground,  94, 

Central  Congregational  Church,  157, 
138.  161,  139,  164. 

Central  Street,  40,  46,  47,  49,  21. 
Central  Wharf,  40,  202. 

Chamber  of  Commerce,  47,  21,  40. 
Change  Avenue,  32. 

Channmg.  Wm.  E.,  22,  138. 

Charity  Bureau,  168. 

Charlesbank,  166. 

Charlesgate,  156. 

Charles  River,  ii,  130,  150,  169,  187,  242. 
Charles  II.,  17. 


28i 


Kmg's  How  to  See  Boston.'''' 


Charles  St.,  95,  96,  131,  165. 

Charles- St.  Methodist  Church,  165. 
Charlestown,  2 15-2 17. 

Charlestown,  157,  0,158,195,  216;  Sol- 
diers’ and  Sailors’  Monum’t,  216,  232. 
Chauncy-Hall  School,  148,  157. 

Chelsea,  Concord  and  Wellesley, 
266,  70,  187,  196. 

Chesbro,  F.  A.,  54. 

Chester  Square,  158,  184. 

Chestnut  Hill  Reservoir,  241,  244,  148. 
Chickering  Hall,  loi. 

Chickering,  Jonas,  176. 

Chickering  & Sons,  5,  loi,  176,  177. 
Children’s  Hospital,  153. 

Children’s  Mission,  176. 

Chinese,  104. 

Choate,  Joseph  H,,  254. 

Choate,  Rufus,  17. 

Christ  Episcopal  Church,  190,  219. 
Christian-  Endeavor,  Gen’l  Society  of, 
104,  107,  134. 

Christian  Leader,  loi. 

Christian  Scientists,  156. 

Church  of  St.  Peter  (Cath.),  225. 

Church  of  the  Disciples,  174,  180,  205. 
Church  of  the  Messiah,  153. 

Church  of  the  Unity.  180. 

“City  of  Bangor,’’ Steamer,  206,  207. 
City  Hall,  10,  14,  52,  74,  86,  88, 123,  128. 
City  Hospital,  184,  185. 

City  Point,  South  Boston,  221. 

Claflin,  William,  97. 

Clarendon-St.  Baptist  Church,  178. 
Clarke,  James  Freeman,  9,  86,  i^,  174. 
Clarke  (W.  B.)  & Co.,  119. 

Clark’s  Boston  Tavern,  116,  52, 10,  91. 
Clark’s  Hotel,  108,  109,  106. 

Clark,  Ward  & Co.,  52,  60,  64. 

Clearing  House,  21,  34,  39,  40. 

Clinton,  Gen.,  26. 

Cochituate  Lake. 

Cole,  Samuel,  32. 

Collins  & Fairbanks,  112,  116,  117,91. 
Colonial  Charter,  9, 

Columbia  Theatre,  18 1. 

Columbus  Ave.,  131,  159,  169,  170,  171. 
Columbus  Statue,  166,  208,  210,  182. 
Comer’s  Commercial  College,  107. 
Commerce,  9,  201. 

Commercial  Cable  Co.,  41,  42. 
Commercial  National  Bank,  47. 
Commercial  Street,  25,  43,  44,  195,  197. 
Commercial  Wharf,  2,  197. 

Common,  the,  93,  94,  95,  96,97,  99,  165. 
Commonwealth  Avenue,  152,  161, 157, 
148,  169,  170,  172,  241,  158. 

Concord,  266,  3-Minute  Man,  260,  266. 
Congregational  House,  10,  i <;g,  188. 
Congress  Street,  28,  56,  58,  59,  31, 
32,  33»  34,  48,  50,  5«*  53. 


Conklin,  William  J.,  186,  174,  175. 

“ Constitution,”  U.  S.  Frigate,  196. 
Constitution  Wharf,  196. 

Copeland,  Charles,  90. 

Copley,  John  S.,  142,  164. 

Copley  Square,  157,  140,  141,  142,  143, 
144,  145,  150,  158.  186. 

Copley  Square  Hotel,  157,  153,  154. 
Copp’s  Hill  Burying  Ground,  190,  216, 
218,  195. 

Cordley  (F.  R.)  & Co.,  21,  39,  40. 
Corey  Hill,  156,  241. 

Corn  Court,  32. 

Cornhill,  12,  17,  18,  10. 

Cotton  Hill,  164. 

Cotton,  John,  86. 

Country  Club,  242. 

Court  House,  10,  13,  12,  14. 

Court  House,  the  Old,  14,  10. 

Court  Square,  128,  10. 

Court  Street,  ii,  12,  16,  17,  18, 10. 
Cowdin,  26. 

Cow  Lane,  80. 

Cowley  Fathers,  162,  167. 

Cradle  of  Liberty,  22. 

Crawford  House,  10, 19. 

Crawford  Shoe  Store,  52,  106, 104,  128, 
105,  129,  82. 

Cromwell.  17. 

Cromwell’s  Head  Tavern,  90. 

Crosby,  C.  A.  W.,  iii. 

Crowell  (Thomas  Y.)  & Co.,  76,  78. 
Curtis  & Motley,  39. 

Cushman,  Charlotte,  90,  189,  259. 
Custom  House,  21,  32,  40,  41,  43,  45, 
46,  202. 

Custom  House,  the  Old  Colonial,  28. 
Dame,  Stoddard  & Kendall,  52, 116, 118, 
91. 

Damrell  & Upham,  124,  125. 
Davenport,  A.  H,,  19. 

Davis  (Curtis)  & Co.,  21,  40,  44. 
Deaf-Mute  Schools,  153. 

Dearborn,  Gen.,  26,  32. 

Debt,  9. 

Declaration  of  Independence,  54,  90,  92. 
Deer  Island,  260. 

Deland,  Margaret,  165. 

D’Estaing,  Count,  22,  26. 

De  Joinville,  Prince,  22. 

Destitute  Catholic  Children’s  Home,i83. 
Devonshire  Street,  27,  29,  30,  51,  53, 
60,  63,  64,  65,  66,  70,  71. 

DeWolfe,  Fiske  & Co.,  112,  52, 10,  91. 
Dickens,  Charles,  90,  99. 

Dilke,  Sir  Charles,  213. 

Diocesan  House,  164. 

Dispensary,  Boston,  180. 

Ditson  COliver)  Co.,  T12, 123. 

Doane  (Francis)  & Co.,  21,  40,  42. 
Doane  Street,  49. 


282 


King^s  ‘ ‘ How  io  See  Boston. 


Dock  Square,  19,  22,  23. 

Doll  & Richards,  10,  92.  93. 
Dorchester,  224-225,  9,  156. 

Draft  Riots,  191. 

Drowne,  Deacon  Shem,  26. 

Dyer,  Col  W.  H.,  54. 

East  Armory,  183. 

East  Boston,  218,  196. 

East  Cambridge,  26,  246. 

Echo  Bridge,  Newton  Falls,  242,  262. 
Election  Sermons,  120. 

Elgin,  Lord,  22. 

Eliot  Burial-Ground,  226. 

Eliot,  Charles  W.,  97. 

Eliot.  John,  226. 

Elks  Building,  108. 

Elmwood,  259,  254. 

Elysium  Club,  153. 

Emancipation  Statue,  131,  159,  160. 
Embargo,  the,  24. 

Emerson  ( D.  R.)  & Co.,  99,  91, 106. 
Emerson,  Ralph  W.,  76, 86, 123, 148,  213, 
216,  266. 

Emmanuel  Episcopal  Church,  138,  156, 
157. 

Endicott-Street  Region,  191. 

English  Settlers,  7. 

Episcopal  Theological  Seminary,  258. 
Equitable  Life  Assurance  Soc.,  54,  63. 
Equitable  Life  Building,  5£,  54,  57,  60, 

62,  63,  64,  74. 

Eric  (Leif)  Statue,  148. 

Essex  Street,  80. 

Estes  & Lauriat,  123. 

Ether  Monument,  134. 

European  Commerce,  9. 

Everett,  Edward,  22,  26,  94,  128,  146, 
266  ; Statue,  134,  250. 

Exchange  Club,  48,  60,  66. 

Exchange  Place,  34,  48. 

Exchanges,  26,  35. 

Exchange  Street,  29,  35. 

Express  Office,  70. 

Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary.Mass.Char.,  166. 
Fairbanks,  Brown  & Co.,  60,  61. 
Fairbanks  Company,  5^^  60,  61. 

Fall- River  Line,  131. 

Faneuil  Hall,  19,  SI.  22,  23,  24,  26,  32. 
Faneuil  Hall  Market,  24,  25,  26. 
Faneuil-Hall  Square,  24,  25. 

Faneuil,  Peter,  22,  24,  86,  92. 

Farlow  Building,  21,  40. 

Farmers’  Market,  199. 

Farragut  Square,  48. 

Farragut  Statue,  223,  235. 

Federal  Constitution  Ratification,  80. 
Federal  Courts,  09,  48. 

Federal  Square  48.- 

Federal  Street,  57,  58,  61,  62,  63,  66. 

Federal  Street  Theatre,  70,  76. 

Fenway,  241. 


Field’s  Corner,  225. 

Filled  Land,  o,  26,  40,  76,  195. 

Fire  of  1872.  6,  8,  66. 

Fire,  1889  (Thanksgiving  Day),  80. 
Fire,  1893  (March  10),  80. 

First  Baptist  Church,  157, 148,  149, 156, 
160. 

First  Catholic  Church,  90. 

First  Church,  28,  140,  157,  165. 

First  Episcopal  Church,  86. 

First  Masonic  Lodge,  loi. 

First  Methodist  Church,  189, 

First  National  Bank.  52. 

First  Newspaper,  108. 

First  Parish  Church,  Roxbury,  226. 
First  Presbyterian  Church,  172. 

First  Spiritual  Temple,  150,  182. 

First  State  Library,  162. 

First  Theatre  Play,  40. 

First  Underwriter,  48. 

First  Unitarian  Church,  86,  157. 

First  Washington  Monument,  190. 
Fisheries  Museum,  199,  200. 

Fish  Industry,  199. 

Fisk  (Harvey)  & Sons,  21,  34,  38. 

Fiske  Building,  21,  40,  56. 

Fitchburg  Station,  2,  195,  223. 

Five  Cents  Savings  Bank,  10,  91. 
Forbes  Lithograph  Mnfg.  Co.,  70,  266, 
264. 

Foreign  Consulates,  40. 

Forest- Hills  Cemetery,235,  233,  228,232. 
Fort  Hill,  9,  76,  197,  205. 

Fort  Hill  Square,  80,  76,  158,  74. 

Fort  Independence,  223,  260. 
Fortifications,  9. 

Fort  Point  Channel,  2,  181,  208,  74. 

Fort  Street,  80. 

Fort  Warren,  261. 

Fort  Winthrop,  260. 

Foster’s  Wharf,  2,  74,  206,  228,  221. 
Fowler,  E.  R.,  54. 

Franklin,  Benjamin,  230, 160, 187  ; birth- 
place, 120. 

Franklin  Field,  229. 

Franklin  Park,  158,  231,  229,  156,  170, 
228,  235. 

Franklin  Square,  158,  182,  213. 
Franklin  Statue,  10,  90,  123,  88. 
Franklin  Street,  58,  66,  69,  80. 
Freeman  Place  Chapel,  160. 

French,  Daniel  C.,  48. 

French  (Ferd.  F.)  & Co..  Ltd.,  192, 194. 
French  Huguenot  Church,  90. 

French  restaurants,  176. 

Frog  Lane,  130. 

Frog  Pond,  96,  95,  94,  97. 

Frost  & Adams.  10,  17,  18. 

Fruit  and  Produce  Exchange,  26. 
Garrison,  Wm.  Lloyd,  22,  148,  150 ; 
statue,  137. 


283 


Kmg's  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Boston,  ” 


Gaugengigl,  I.  M.,  83,  90. 

Gay  (Aaron  R.)  & Co.,  42. 

General  Theological  Library,  162. 
German  Catholic  Church,  176. 

Gifford  Home  for  Animals,  245,  243. 
Gilman,  Arthur,  156. 

Ginn  & Co.,  fO,  159,  2so,  247. 

Girls’  High  Latin  School,  180. 

Globe,  the  Boston,  5^,  125,  127,  128. 
Globe  Theatre,  104. 

Glover  (Gen.  John)  Statue,  148,  172. 
Golden  Rule,  104.  107. 

Goodyear  Shoe  Machinery  Co.,  74,  76, 
208,  21 1. 

Governor’s  Island,  260. 

Granary  Burial  Ground,  10,  9*,  125, 
128,  160. 

Grand  Opera  House,  181. 

Grant,  Robert,  83. 

Grant,  Pres’t  U.  S.,  140,  168. 

Gray’s  Wharf,  195. 

Green  Dragon  Tavern,  loi,  187. 
Greenleaf  (C.  H.)  & Co.  150,  151,  152. 
Greenough,  R.  S.,  12,  90. 

Grove  Hall,  228. 

Hale,  Edward  E.,  86,  97,  128,  130,  178, 
256  ; house,  239,  226. 

Hamilton  (Alex.)  Statue,  148,  172,  138. 
Hamilton  Place,  62. 

Hancock,  Gov.  John,  12,  24,  26,  54,  60.  86, 
92,  160,  162,  187, 197  ; House,  164,  195. 
Hancock  (John)  Life  Building,  60,  63. 
Hancock  National  Bank,  48,  50,  51,  5^, 
53,  56,  74. 

Handel  and  Hayden  Society,  92. 
Hanover  Street,  19,  20,  187. 

Harbor  Front,  192-212,  4,  32,  230. 
Harvard  Bridge,  156,  16 1,  187,  246. 
Harvard  Church  at  Brookline,  241,  243. 
Harvard  Dental  School,  167. 

Harvard,  John,  216,  252,  256. 

Harvard  Medical  School,  157,  153,  183. 
Harvard  Musical  Association,  165. 
Harvard  Observatory,  48. 

Harvard  University,  ^53,  252,  153,  235, 
255,  246,  250  ; map  of  vicinity,  ‘Z5S. 
Haven,  Franklin,  28. 

Hawley  Street,  68,  70. 

Hawthorne,  Nathaniel,  201,  213,  266. 
Haymarket  Theatre,  loi. 

Haynes,  Tilly,  80,  82. 

Heath,  26. 

Herald,  the  Boston,  5^,  125,  126,  127. 
Hemenway  Building,  12,  n6,  83. 
Higginson,  Thos.  W.,  14. 

High  School  for  Boys,  178, 179,  186. 
Hill,  Estate  of  Wm.  H.,  34,  32,  228, 
221,  205. 

Hingham,  263,  “Old  Ship,”  265, 260, 257. 
Historical,  7-ro. 

Hobby,  Sir  Charles,  26. 


Hodgman  & Worth,  54. 

Hollander  (L.  P.)  & Co.,  133,  186, 
Hollis-St.  Theatre,  176,  180,  186. 

Holmes,  Oliver  Wendell.  17,  94,  97,  1*3, 
130,  138,  140,  150,  t62,  196,  202,  2x3., 
216,  259  ; house,  178. 

Homeopathic  Hospital,  Mass.,  183. 
Hoosac  Tunnel  Route,  195. 

Horse  Cars,  7. 

Horticultural  Hall,  10,  91. 

Horticultural  Society,  the  Mass.,  90,  92 , 
Houghton,  Mifflin  & Co.,  94,  250. 
Houston  & Henderson,  91. 

Hovey  (C.  F.)  & Co.,  125. 

Howard  Athenaeum,  14. 

Howard  Nat’l  Bank,  33,  34,  48,  74. 

Howard  Street,  14,  10. 

Howe,  Gen.,  26. 

Howells,  Wm.  D , 83,  97,  130,  134,  140, 
150,  167,  172,  184,  202,  205,  2x3,  24^  252. 
Hub  of  the  Solar  System,  7. 

Huguenot  Merchant,  22. 

Hull,  260,  262. 

Hull  Yacht  Club,  262,  257. 

Huntington  Avenue,  153,  154,  155, 
Huntington  Hotel,  154,  157. 
Hutchinson’s  (Anne)  dwelling,  123. 
Hutchinson,  Gov.,  19. 

Ideal  City  of  America,  7. 

Immaculate  Conception  Church,  183, 
214. 

Incorporation  of  Boston,  9. 
Independence  Park,  76. 

Indians,  9. 

India  Street,  40,  43,  47. 

India  Wharf,  74,  202. 

Institute  of  Technology,  157,  140,  139, 
142,  166,  186. 

Internal  Revenue  Offices,  48. 
International  Steamship  Co.,  197,  198, 
199- 

International  Trust  Co.,  60,  65,  91,  59. 
Irish  Immigrants,  76,  187,  205. 

Italians,  187,  188,  189. 

Jail,  Suffolk-County,  167. 

Jamaica  Plain  and  West  Roxbury, 

232,  249,  238. 

Jamaica  Plain,  76,  228;  Monument,  242. 
Jesuits,  183. 

Jews,  188. 

Johnson.  Andrew,  loi,  168. 

Jones,  McDuffee  & Stratton,  5, 70, 74, 75. 
Jordan,  Marsh  & Co.,  108,  i\i,91,106. 
Journal,  Morning  and  Evening,  52,  125. 
Keith’s  New  Theatre,  104,  109,  106. 
Kelley  (Stillman  F.)  & Co.,  4,  21, 40,  46. 
Kidd,  Capt.,  14. 

Kidder,  Peabody  & Co.,  52,  91. 

Kilby  Street,  34,  35,  38,  40,  46,  48,  49* 
Kindergarten  for  the  Blind,  232. 

King’s  Chapel,  10,  ii,  83,  190,  86,  91, 


284 


Km^s  How  to  See  Bosto^i,'^'* 


King’s  Chapel  Burial-Ground,  83, 10. 
King  George’s  tyranny,  24. 

King  (Geo.  F.)  & Merrill, 52, 68,70, 74,91. 
King,  Moses,  i,  3,  52. 

King  Philip’?  War,  17  ; Samp  bowl,  83. 
King  Street,  40. 

King  William  III,  9. 

Kneeland  Street,  ii. 

La  Farge,  John,  142,  146. 

Lafayette,  14,  22,  94. 

Lake,  James  H.,  54. 

Lamb  Tavern,  108. 

Lamkin,  G..  ii,  12. 

Langham  Hotel,  184. 

Lasell  Seminary,  242. 

Latin  School  for  Boys,  86, 178, 179, 2S6. 
Law  Library,  14. 

Lee  & Shepard,  52,  120. 

Leeson  (J.  R.)  & Co.,  70,  73,  74. 
Leverett,  Gov.  John,  17,  26. 

Lewis  (J.  B.)  Co.,  208,  209. 

Lewis  Wharf,  197. 

Lexington,  269,  3,  184. 

Liberty  Square,  48,  66. 

Liberty  Tree,  104,  106. 

Libraries,  14,  83,  104,  130, 159,160,162,  215. 
Lighthouse  Offices,  48. 

Lincoln,  Abraham,  24;  Statue,  131, 160, 
159,  162. 

Lincoln,  Gen.,  32. 

Lincolnshire  Seaport,  7. 

Lincoln  Wharf,  196. 

Lind,  Jenny,  90,  168,  195. 

Lion  Theatre,  104. 

Literary  World,  159. 

Little,  Brown  & Co.,  52,  128,  127. 
Liverpool  Wharf,  24,  208. 

Longfellow',  Henry,  W.,  123,  97,  259, 
house  at  Cambridge,  258,  252. 

Long  Island,  260. 

Long  Lane,  80. 

Long  Wharf,  40,  197,  199,  202. 
Longwood,  239. 

Lorimer,  Rev.  Dr.  Geo.  C.,  go, 
Louisburg  Square.  164,  165. 

Lovell  Gohn  P.)  & Sons,  10. 

Lowell,  James  R.,  123,  97,  140,  167,  213, 

* 259* 

Low'ell  s house  at  Cambridge,  259,  254. 
Lowell  Railroad,  192. 

Lower  Mills,  Dorchester,  225. 

Lunatic  Hospital,  221. 

Lyman,  Theo.,  14. 

McClellan’s  Reception,  22. 

Me  Kim,  Mead  & White,  146,  254, 
McLean  Asylum,  167. 

Mackerel  Lane,  40. 

Macullar,  Parker  & Co.,  6,  5,  8,  7,  66, 
113,  114,  91,  112,  267-278. 

Macullar.  Williams  & Parker,  6. 

Mann,  Horace,  17  ; Statue,  192,162,  266. 


Mann  ( Horace)  School  for  the  Deaf,  1P3. 
Maps,  2, 10,  21,  52,  74,  91,  106,  157,  158, 
186,  2W,  253. 

The  City  of  Boston,  folded  inside  the 
back  cover. 

Main  Portion,  or  Boston  Proper,  2. 
Court  House  and  City  Hall  District, 
10. 

Faneuil  Hall,  Stock  Exchange  and 
Custom  House.  21. 

City  Hall  and  Post  Office  District,  52, 
Wholesale  District,  74. 

Retail  District,  Northern  Portion,  91. 
Retail  District,  Southern  Portion, 
Back- Bay  District,  157. 

Boston’s  Park  System,  158. 

South  End,  186. 

Boston  and  its  surroundings,  240. 
Harvard  University  and  vicinity,  253,. 
Marblehead,  Tucker’s  Landing,  261. 
Marcella-Street  Home,  232. 

Marine  insurance,  48. 

Marine  Park,  223,  236,  235,  156, 158, 
Marion,  Joseph,  48. 

Markets,  24,  25,  26. 

Marston  (Russell)  & Co.,  10,  19,  20. 
Marston’s  Dining  Rooms,  10, 19,  20, 187, 
Marter,  Fred’k  B.  K.,  54. 

Mason  Building,  48,  66. 

Masonic  Temple,  loi,  102, 186, 103, 106, 
Masonic  Temple,  the  Old,  99. 
Massachusetts,  9 ; origin  of  name,  7. 
Massachusetts  Ave.,  156,  176,  184,  243. 
Mass.  Charitable  Mechanic  Assn.,  157, 

155,  153 

Mass.  General  Hospital,  167. 

Mass.  Historical  Society,  10,  83,  116. 
Massachusetts  Hospital  Life  Ins.  Co., 
32.  39- 

Massachusetts  National  Bank,  34. 
Massachusetts  Title  Ins.  Co.,  52,  91, 
Massacre,  9,  19,  28,  92,  94,  loi. 

Mather  Tomb,  19?,  216. 

Mattapan,  225. 

Mechanics  Fair  B’ld’g,  157,  ISS,  153, 180. 
Mechanics'  National  Bank,  118. 
Medical  Schools,  i8^ 

Medical  Society,  the  Mass.,  130. 
Meeting-House  Hill.  225. 

Memorial  Hall,  Cambridge,  256,  253. 
Mercantile  Fire  and  M.  Ins.  Co,,  39. 
Merchants'  National  Bank,  28,  29,  52, 
Merchants’  Row.  40,  21. 

Metcalf  (Theo.)  Co.,  10,  86,  87,  ii2. 
Methodist  Bookstore,  10,  91. 

Methodists,  90,  159,  165,  189. 
Metropolitan  Parks,  229,  158, 

Middlesex  Fells,  230. 

Military,  26. 

Milk  Street,  120,  80,  47,  51,  54,  55,  57, 
59,  60,  61,  62,  63,  64,  65,  67. 


2$5 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.'^'' 


Mill  Dam,  156. 

Mill  Dam  Road,  243. 

Millerite  Tabernacle,  14. 

Milmore,  Martin,  90,  97,  148. 

Milton,  170,  229. 

Ministers’  Theatre,  83. 

Modern  Athens,  7,  ii. 

Moody  & Sankey  Tabernacle,  176. 
Morse,  S.  B.,  215. 

Motley,  John  L.,  154,  213. 

Mount  Auburn  Cemetery,  259  ; Sphinx, 
259,  256. 

Mount  Desert  Steamers, 

Mount  Hope  Cemetery,  236  ; Soldiers’ 
Monument,  242. 

Mount-Vernon  Church,  156,  190,  160. 
Mount- Vernon,  St.,  165. 

Murdock  Parlor  Grate  Co.,  ^8^,131,  132. 
Museum,  the  Boston,  iO,  ii,  12,  112, 
116,  83,  86,  87. 

Music  Hall,  92,  99,  91,  165. 

Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co.  of  N.  Y.,  54, 
55.  7U. 

Mutual  Life  Tower  Views,  56,  57,  58. 
Mystic  River,  266, 2U0. 

Nantasket  Beach,  262,  260,  258,  259. 
Narragansett  Indians,  32. 

Nash,  Spaulding  & Co.,  21. 

Nat’l  Bank  of  the  Commonwealth,  52. 
National  Revere  Bank,  7 , 72,  71,  74. 
National  Security  Bank,  10,  19. 

Natural  History  Museum,  157,  138,  139, 

m. 

Naval  Brigade,  142. 

Naval  Hospital,  U.  S.,  266. 

Naval  Pay  offices,  48. 

Navy  Yard,  U.  S.,  196,  215. 

Neal  (John  R.)  & Co.,  199,  200. 

Neck,  Boston,  9,  i6j,  170 
New  England  Conservatory  of  Music, 
92,  213,  183,  226. 

New  England  Historic  Genealogical 
Soc.,  160. 

New-England  Hospital  for  Women, 
228,  232. 

New  England  Mutual  Life  Ins.  Co.,  54, 
55.  59,  74. 

New-Jerusalem  Church,  160. 
News-Letter,  the  Boston,  128. 
Newspaper  Row,  ii,  17,  83,  125,  ia8, 
127,  126. 

Newton,  239,  148. 

New  Washington  Street.  19. 

New  York&  New  England  R.  R.,  208. 
New  York,  New  Haven  & Hartford 
R.  R.,  171,  157,  74. 

Niver,  James  B.,  54. 

Niles  Building,  10,  52,  91. 

Ninth  Regiment,  183. 

Noddle’s  Island,  218. 

Non-importation  League,  9. 


Norcross,  Otis,  70. 

Norfolk  House,  226. 

Normal  School,  174. 

North  End  Park,  190,  195. 

^Northern  Depot,  192,  193 ; Entrance, 
224,  f3o. 

North  Square,  188,  189. 

North  Street,  188. 

Norumbega  Tower,  266. 

Notre-Dame  School,  138,  157,  189,  228, 

232. 

Noyes  Brothers,  7,  85. 

Oak  Square,  245. 

Ober’s  French  Restaurant,  99. 

Odd- Fellows  Hall,  176,  186. 

Ohabei  Shalom  Congregation,  178. 

Old  Brick  Church,  140. 

Old  Colony  Railroad,  80,  208. 

Old  Corner  Bookstore,  10,  52,  123,  124, 
00,  91. 

Old  North  Church,  189. 

Old  North  End,  187-191. 

Old  South,  7,  52,  66,  84,  120,  119,  121, 
91. 

Old  South  Congregational  Church,  157, 
146,  147,  139- 

Old  State  House,  ii,  14,  15,  26,  27,  28, 
32,  41,  52,  202. 

Old  State  House,  view  from  balcony, 
16. 

Oldest  bank,  34. 

Oldest  church,  190. 

Oldest  hotel,  17. 

Oldest  savings  bank,  99. 

Oldest  theatre,  83. 

Oldest  Y.  M.  C.  A.,  138. 

Olmsted,  Fredk.  L.,  230. 

Original  Area,  9. 

Orkney  Islands,  ii. 

Otis,  Harrison  Gray,  12,  22,  a6,  164. 
Otis,  James,  22. 

Otway’s,  “ The  Orphan,”  48. 

Page  (Geo.  G.)  Box  Co.,  250,  251. 
Paige,  John  C.,  21,  48,  49,  52. 

Paine  Memorial  Hall,  178. 

Parker,  Harvey  D.,  86,  89. 

Parker  House,  10,  ir,  86,  89,  90,  12,  91. 
Parker,  Theo.,  14,  22,  92,  104,  178; 

Memorial  Hall,  78. 

Parkman,  Francis,  86,  148,  165,  168,  17*, 
259- 

Parks,  158,  218,  221,  230,  234,  229. 

Park  Square,  131,  159,  171,  186. 

Park  Street,  92,  93,  95. 

Park  St.  Church,  10,  92,  128,  130. 

Park  System  Map,  158. 

Park  Theatre,  104,  106. 

Parsons,  Theuphiius,  17. 

Piabody  & Stearns,  34,  54. 

Pearl  Street,  s5. 

Pearmain  & Brooks,  34,  37. 


286 


King^s  How  to  See  Boston,'^'* 


Pelham,  the,  loi,  130,  106 y 186. 
Pemberton  Square,  tO,  12,  13,  14. 
Pension  Office,  48. 

People’s  Church,  172, 157,  186. 

Percival  (D.  G.)  & Co.,  113. 

Perkins’  Institute  for  the  Blind,  221, 
234- 

Pharmacy,  Mass.,  College  of,  153. 
Phillips,  Wendell.  14,  22,  104,  164,  181. 
Pianofortes,  5,  177. 

Piano  Row,  loi. 

Pierce  (S.  S.)  Co.,  10,  12. 

Pierce  House  in  Dorchester,  224,  238. 
Pillory,  32,  99. 

Pilot,  the,  104. 

Plymouth,  263. 

Plymouth  Rock,  263. 

Poe,  Edgar  A.,  76. 

Pope,  Col.  Albert  A.,  172,  173. 

Pope  Mnfg.  Co.,  157,  172,  173,  186. 

“ Pops,”  92. 

Population,  9. 

Portland  Steam  Packet  Co.,  202,  204. 
Porter,  Alex.  S.,  28,  30,  34. 

Post,  the,  125,  126. 

Post-office,  48,  52.  50,  51,  53,  54,  56. 
Post-office  Square,  32,  33,  48,  59,  50, 
51.  52,  54,  55,  56. 

Prang  (L.)  & Co.,  104,  226,  227,  107,  232. 
Prang  Educational  Co.,  104,  107. 

Pray  (John  H.)  Sons  & (To.,  106,  104, 

107,  6. 

Press  Club,  92. 

Prescott,  76. 

Presco.t,  Col.,  83 ; Sword,  83 ; Statue, 
230,  216. 

Prince  School.  150. 

Prince  of  Wales,  108. 

Prison  Lane,  14. 

Probate  Office,  116,  12,  86,  83. 
Providence  Line.  131 
Providence  Station,  186,  131,  150,  171. 
Provident  Institution  for  Savings,  99,  91. 
Province  House,  116. 

Provincial  Council,  28. 

Provincial  Navy,  14. 

Public  Garden,  2,  133, 158, 161. 

Public  Garden  Views,  136,  137,  161. 
Public  Library.  J57, 130,  145,  142,  186. 
Pudding  Lane,  80. 

Puritan  Club,  164. 

Puritan  Costume,  11,  12. 

Puritans,  9. 

Iuaker  Lane,  48. 
uakers,  9. 

uarantine  station,  261. 
ueen  Street,  14. 
uincy  House.  10,  17.  20. 
uincy,  Josiah,  26. 
uincy  Mansion,  94. 
uincy  Market,  21,  25,  26. 


B uincy  Mutual  Ins.  Co.,  30. 

uincy  Statue.  10,  90,  123. 

Radcliffe  College,  256. 

Record,  the,  125,  127,  128. 

Red  Coat  Regiments,  9. 

Redding.  Baird  & Co.,  69,  70,  74,  91. 
Retail  District,  83-129 ; Map  of  North- 
ern portion,  91,  Southern  portion,  106, 
Revere-Beach  Railroad,  205. 

Revere  House,  168. 

Revere,  Paul,  92,  191,  195  ; 189,  215; 
Revere  Suffar  Refinery,  250,  248. 
Reynolds  Hotel,  104,  106. 

Rhodes,  J.  B.,  30. 

Rialto  Building,  52,  57,  60,  91. 

Rice,  Alex.  H.,  97,  174. 

Rice  Training  School,  174. 

Richards  Building,  42. 

Richardson,  H.  H.,  140,  148. 

Richardson,  Hill  & Co.,  52,  53,  54,  50, 
51*  208. 

Rich,  Isaac,  70. 

Ridge  Path,  94. 

Riding  Academy,  153. 

Rindge  Public  Buildings,  250,  245,  246. 
Risteen  (F.  R.)  & Co.,  157,  153,  154. 
Riverside  (Newton),  242. 

Riverside  Press,  250,  244. 

Robinson  (C.  H.)  & Co.,  19,  22. 
Roberts  Brothers,  159. 

Rogers  Building,  10,  52. 

Roxbury,  226-231. 

Roxbury,  9,  170,  213. 

Roxbury  High  Fort,  226. 

Roxbury  High  School,  228,  241. 
Roxbury  Latin  School,  228. 

Rowe’s  Wharf,  74,  205,  228,  260,  221. 
Royal  Exchange  of  London,  26. 

Royal  Exchange  Tavern,  32. 

Royal  Province,  9. 

St.  Andrew’s  Mission.  167. 

St.  Augustine’s  (Thurch,  167. 

St.  Boat-Helps  Town,  7. 

St.  Botolph,  7.  140. 

St.  Botolph  (Ilub,  138,  157. 

St.  Gaudens,  Aug.,  97,  138. 

St.  James  Catholic  Church,  180. 

St.  James  Episcopal  Church,  228. 

St.  John’s  Ecclesiastical  Seminary,  24s. 
St.  John  the  Baptist  Portuguese  Church, 
189. 

St.  John  the  Evangelist  Church,  160. 

St.  Mary's  Catholic  Church,  191. 

St.  Paul’s  Episcopal  Church,  99,  134. 

St.  Stephen’s  Catholic  Church,  189. 
Sage’s  Trunk  Store,  106. 

Sailors’  Snug  Harbor. 

Salem,  9. 

Salem  Street,  188,  190. 

Sargent  CWm.  P.)  & Co.,  192,  194,  195. 
School  Board,  106. 


287 


King's  How  to  See  Boston.^'' 


School  Street,  86, 10. 

Schwarz,  Richard,  108,  iii,  106. 
Scollay’s  Building,  ii. 

Scollay  Square,  10^  11,  12,  i6,  17,  83. 
Scollaj^  William,  ii. 

Scots’  Charitable  Society,  180. 

Sears  Building,  10,  15,  17,  52,  164. 
Second  Church,  Cong’l,  224. 

Second  Church,  Unitarian,  148, 157, 189. 
Second  Universalist  Church,  174,  186. 
Security  Safe  Deposit  Co.,  52,  54,  62. 
Sentry  Hill,  164. 

Shaw,  Col.  Robt.  G.,  97. 

Shawmut,  7. 

Shawmut  Congregational  Church,  180. 
Shawmut  National  Bank,  52,  53. 
Shepard  Church,  Cambridge,  257,  250. 
Shepard,  Norwell  & Co.,  91,  97,  98,  99. 
Shepley,  Rutan  & Coolidge,  17,  40. 

Ship  building,  9. 

Shoe  & Leather  Exchange,  66, 

Shreve,  Crump  & Low  Co.,  106. 

Signal  Service,  48. 

Simmons  Building,  50,  51,  53,  52. 
Slavery  meetings,  24,  14. 

Sleeper  (Jacob)  Hall,  14. 

Smibert,  the  painter,  22. 

Smith  & Porter,  74,  76,  77. 

Smith,  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel  F.,  242. 

Snow’s  Arch  Wharf,  208. 

Social  Law  Library,  14. 

Soldiers’  Home  (Mass.),  266. 

Somerset  Club,  159,  164. 

Somerset  Street,  13. 

Somerville,  — ; Powder  House,  263. 
Sons  of  Liberty,  104. 

Sons  of  the  Revolution,  187. 

Soule  Photograph  Co.,  52,  116,  1 19,  91. 
Southack,  Capt.  Cyprian,  14. 

South  Armory,  142. 

South  Bay,  i^. 

South  Boston,  219-223,  66,  76. 

South- Boston  Iron  Co.,  219. 

South  Burying  Ground,  183. 

South  Congregational  Church,  157, 150, 
178,  180. 

South  End,  169-186,  map,  186. 

Springer  Brothers,  106. 

Spring  Lane,  125. 

Spiritual  Temple,  157,  50,  182. 
Spurzheim,  76. 

Squire  (John  P.)  & Co.,  5,  21,  250,  249. 
Stamp  Act  Riots,  9,  26. 

Standard,  the  Daily,  91,  112,  125,  115. 
State  Constitution,  26. 

State  House,  162,  163,  190,  192. 

State  Library,  162. 

State  Mutual  Life  Assurance  Co.,  48, 


52. 

‘ State  of  Maine,”  Steamship,  197, 198, 
199. 


State  Prison,  Mass.,  216. 

State  Street,  19,  26,  27,  29,  30,  31,  32, 
32,  34.  35,  36,  37.  38,  40,  39.  41. 
42, 43, 44,45,  48. 

State  Street  Block,  40. 

State-Street  Exchange  Building,  34, 

35.  36,  37- 

Stearns  (R.  H.)  & Co.,  99. 

Stevens,  Benj.  F.,  54. 

Stickney  & Poor  Spice  Co.,  21,  40,  2x6, 
217. 

Stock  Exchange,  21,  52,  28,  32,  34, 
35.  36.  37.  40,  49.  56. 

Stock  Exchange,  view  west  from,  15. 
Strandway,  156. 

Strangers*^  Sabbath  Home,  90. 

Stuart,  Gilbert,  76. 

Studio  Building,  90. 

Sturtevant  (B.  F.)  Co.,  76,  238,  237. 
Suburbs,  213-214. 

Sub-Treasury,  the  U.  S.,  48,  51. 
Subway,  the,  22,  130,  131. 

Suffolk  County  Court  House,  13,  12, 
Suffolk  National  Bank,  21,  39. 

Suffolk  Savings  Bank,  10,  112. 
Suggestions  to  Visitors,  5. 

Summer  Street,  66,  80. 

Sumner,  Charles,  22,  94,  97,  162,  167, 
259;  Statue,  137,  134. 

Sun  Fire  office,  48. 

Swedenborgians,  160,  228. 

Sweetser,  M.  F.,  3. 

Symphony  Orchestra,  92,  166. 
Talleyrand,  32. 

Tariff  Meetings,  24. 

Tavern  Club,  130. 

Tavern,  the  Boston,  10,  52,  xi6. 

Tavern,  the  first,  32. 

Taylor,  Bayard,  213. 

Tea  Party,  9,  120,  208. 

Telephone  Building,  48,  66. 

Temple  Church,  90. 

Temple  Place,  98,  99,  100. 
Thanksgiving  Day  Fire  of  1889,  80. 
Theatre  District,  104,  109. 

Thompson’s  Island,  260. 

Thompson’s  Spa,  52,  128,  129. 
Thorndike  Hotel,  133,  186. 

Ticknor,  George,  94,  146. 

Ticknor  & Fields,  123. 

Tiffany  Glass  & Decorating  Co.,  138, 142. 
Torrey  & Bentley  Co.,  21,  40,  45. 

Town  Dock  and  House,  26. 

Town  Pound,  92. 

“Transcript,”  52,  119,  120,  125,  91. 
Traveler,  the  Boston,  10, 28, 52, 123, 122, 
125,  91. 

Treasury,  U.  S.,  offices,  48,  51. 
Tremont  House,  10,  90. 

Tremont  National  Bank,  32, 

Tremont  Row,  ii,  14. 


288 


King's  ‘ ‘ How  to  See  Bostoft.  ” 


Tremont  Street,  12,  83, 90,  112,  169,  176. 
Tremont-Street  Mall,  130. 
Tremont-Street  Methodist  Church,  180. 
Tremont  St.,  south  from  Park  St.,  133  ; 

south  from  Eliot  St.,  205. 

Tremont  TemplCc,  10,  90,  91. 

Tremont  Theatre,  90,  loi,  106,  186. 

Tri  Montaine,  7,  164. 

Trinity  Episcopal  Church,  157, 140,  143, 
167,  156,  161, 186. 

Tudor  Boston,  ii. 

T Wharf,  2,  199. 

Turner’s  headquarters,  176. 

Union  Boat  Club,  165. 

Union  Church,  174,  180. 

Union  Club,  94. 

Union  Park,  178, 158. 

Union  Railroad  Station,  192,  193  ; en- 
trance, 224,  130. 

Union  Wharf,  196. 

Unitarian  Building,  160,  189,  188. 
Unitarian  ('hurch,  Jamaica  Plain,  242. 
United  States  Bank,  28. 

United  States  Courts,  48. 

United  States  Naval  Hospital,  266. 
United  States  Hotel,  74,  82,  80. 

United  States  Sub-Treasury,  48,  51. 
Universalists,  99,  174,  180. 

University  Club,  150. 

Upham’s  Corner,  225. 

Valuation,  9. 

Vane.  Gov.  Sir  Harry,  32,  86. 

Vassall  Mansion,  258. 

Vendome  Hotel,  157, 150,  152,  151, 

170.  ^ 

Venus  Statue,  134.  ^ 0 

Veterinary  School,  Harvard,  176. 
Vercellis,  133. 

Victoria  Hotel,  148,  157. 

Wakefield  Rattan  Co.,  19.  T ^ i\ 

Walden  Pond,  266. 

Wales,  Prince  of,  90,  168. 

Walker,  Admiral  Sir  Hovenden,  ® 

Walker,  Francis.  4.  i 

Walker-Stetson-Sawyer  Co.,  74,  89^  «l. 
W'altham,  112. 

Waltham  Watch  Co.,  5,  112. 

Walworth  Mnfg.  Co.,  74,  76,  219,  222. 
Wanderers,  Home  for  little,  174. 

Ward,  J.  Q.  A.,  134. 

Warren-Ave.  Baptist  Church,  174,  180. 
Warren,  Gen.,  26,  187,  216. 

Warren,  M.  R.,  119. 

Warren,  Nathan,  54. 

Warren,  William, 83,  168. 

Washington  Elmat  Cambridge,  257,250. 
Washington  Equestrian  Statue,  137. 
Washington,  George,  12,  24,  28,  40,  £6, 
90,  i6j,  162,  190,  258. 

Washington  Market,  T70. 

Washington  Street  in  horse  car  days,  7. 


Washington  Street,  8,  17,  18,  19,  27, 
41,  169,  180,  158. 

W’ashington  Street,  from  Macullar, 
Parker  & Co.,  North  84,  South  85. 
Washington  Headquarters  at  Cam- 
bridge, 258,  252. 

Water  Street,  48,  50,  51,  53. 

Webster,  Daniel,  3,  12,  22,  24,  76,  99: 
Statue,  192,  162,  165,  187,  215. 
Webster- Parkman  Tragedy,  14, 167, 168. 
Wellesley  College,  266,  265. 

Wells’  Memorial  Institute,  181. 

Welsh  Fusileers,  76. 

W^esleyan  Building,  90,  91. 

West  Boston  Bridge,  243,  246. 
West-Chester  Park,  156. 

West  Church,  Unitarian,  167,  197. 

West  End,  165. 

West  Roxbury,  232,  9,  234. 

West  Street,  99. 

Western  Union  Telegraph  Co.,  21. 
Whipping  Post,  32,  99. 

Whipple  (J.  R.)  & Co.,  89. 

White  (R.  H.)  & Co.,  108,  106,  109. 
Whiting  (John  L.)  & Son  Co.,  74, 76,  79. 
Whitney,  Anne,  19,  148,  165. 

Whitney  (T.  D.)&  Co.,  99,  100,  91, 106. 
Whittier,  John  G.,  172. 

Whittier  Machine  Co.,  219,  220. 
Wholesale  Business  District,  n-82, 74. 
Williams  Court.  128. 

Williams  & Everett,  186,  133,  135. 
Winter-Place  Hotel,  99. 

Winter  Street,  97,  98. 

Winthrop,  Gov.  John,  11,  26,  123. 
Winthrop,  Robert  C.,  164. 

Winthrop  Square,  70,  73,  74,  76. 
Winthrop  Sq.  in  Charlestown,  216. 
Winthrop  Statue,  10,  11. 

Winthrop,  Robert  C.,  146. 

Witches,  9,  120. 

Woman’s  Club,  New  England,  94. 
Woman's  Journal,  94. 

Woodland- Park  Hotel,  239. 

Worcester  Square,  154,  184,  185. 
Worthington  B’ld’g,  28,  31,  32,  52,  56. 
Worthington,  Roland,  28,  31. 
Woodlawn  Cemetery. 

Yachting,  138,  223,  225. 

Yale  C'ollege,  ii. 

Yale,  David,  11. 

Young,  Georg^e,  14. 

Young  Men's  Christian  Ass’n,  138, 
157,  186. 

Young  Men’s  Christian  Union,  loi, 
103,  106,  105,  186. 

Young’s  Hotel,  10,  14,  52,  128. 

Young  Women’s  Christian  Ass’n,  176. 
178,  181. 

Youth’s  Companion,  157,  172,  173,  186. 
Zion’s  Herald,  9.. 


NORTHEAST 

LIBRARY  BINDING  CO.  INC. 

MAY  1979 

MEDFORD  Mass. 


boston  college 


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/ 


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p KING- 

13.5 


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Eteston  College 
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